| 1. |
- Ahlin, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Human capital sorting : The "when" and "who" of the sorting of educated workers to urban regions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of regional science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-4146 .- 1467-9787. ; 58:3, s. 581-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sorting of high-ability workers is often advanced as one source of spatial disparities in economic outcomes. There are still few papers that analyze when human capital sorting occurs and whom it involves. Using data on 16 cohorts of university graduates in Sweden, we demonstrate significant sorting to urban regions on high school grades and education levels of parents, i.e., two attributes typically associated with latent abilities that are valued in the labor market. A large part of this sorting has already occurred in deciding where to study, because the top universities in Sweden are predominantly located in urban regions. The largest part of directed sorting on ability indicators occurs in the decision of where to study. Even after controlling for sorting prior to labor market entry, the best and brightest are still more likely to start working in urban regions. However, this effect appears to be driven by Sweden's main metropolitan region, Stockholm. We find no influence of our ability indicators on the probability of starting to work in urban regions after graduation when Stockholm is excluded. Studies of human capital sorting need to account for selection processes to and from universities, because neglecting mobility prior to labor market entry is likely to lead to an underestimation of the extent of the sorting to urban regions.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Does spatial employment density spur inter-firm job switching?
- 2013
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Ingår i: The annals of regional science. - : Springer. - 0570-1864 .- 1432-0592. ; 51:1, s. 245-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inter-firm job switching of workers is a much cited but seldom measured source of the productivity advantages of spatial employment density. It has been advanced as a conduit for localized knowledge flows as well as labor market matching efficiency. Using a matched employer-employee dataset for Sweden, we estimate the influence spatial employment density has on the probability of inter-firm job switching of private sector workers. Our estimates suggest that a doubling of employment density per square kilometer increases the probability that a random worker switches employer by 0.2 % points. The same effect is substantially higher for more skilled workers. While the effect of a doubling of density is limited, the actual differences in density across the regions in our data amount to a factor over 40, rendering differences in density an important explanation for regional variations in rates of inter-firm job switching.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation strategies of firms : What strategies and why?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Technology Transfer. - : Springer. - 0892-9912 .- 1573-7047. ; 41:6, s. 1483-1506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes various innovation strategies of firms. Using five waves of the Community Innovation Survey in Sweden, we have traced the innovative behavior of firms over a 10-year period, i.e. between 2002 and 2012. We distinguish between sixteen innovation strategies, which compose of Schumpeterian four types of innovations (process, product, marketing, and organizational) plus various combinations of these four types. First, we find that firms are not homogenous in choosing innovation strategies, instead, they have a wide range of preferences when it comes to innovation strategy and some of the innovation strategies are "commonly" used among firms. Second, using Transition Probability Matrix, we found that firms also persist to have such a diverse innovation strategy preferences. Finally, using Multinomial Logit model, we explained the determinant of each and every innovation strategies, while we gave special attention to the commonly used innovation strategies among firms.
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| 4. |
- Linde, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Accessibility and self-archiving of conference articles : A study on a selection of Swedish institutional repositories
- 2011
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Ingår i: Information Services and Use. - Guimarães : IOS Press. - 0167-5265 .- 1875-8789. ; 31:3-4, s. 259-269, s. 123-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main purpose of this project has been to examine the accessibility of refereed conference articles and the OA- and publishing policies of conferences in order to in this way elucidate different aspects concerning self-archiving in Swedish institutional repositories. For this purpose, the project participants have examined a number of conferences and references to conference articles via their institutional repositories during a specific time period and described these from the perspective of a common scheme. The study has showed that the local institutional repositories fill an important role to make conference publications visible. We have found that ca. 50% of the conference papers can be published as postprints in our institutional repositories. We have noticed that ca. 15% or the studied conference articles are not available at all. It is, therefore, of great importance to use local institutional repositories as a publishing channel, not only for primary published material such as dissertations and reports, but also as a source for finding these conference articles "without a home". Between 20-25% of the examined articles were found in some type of OA archive; ca. half of these were found in one of the project participants' own institutional repositories. This indicates that the publishing database of respective higher education institution is an important factor for open accessibility. Ca. 10% of the conferences in the study had an explicit OA policy or expressed such a policy by openly making conference articles accessible on their conference sites. A big problem when it comes to self-archiving of conference articles is the lack of information about OA policy. The landscape of conference publishing is complex and the self-archiving of documents from conferences is very time-consuming. Above all, we would wish a policy resource for conferences similar to the SHERPA/RoMEO. At present, however, there is no other alternative than scrutinizing the conferences' copyright information to the authors and from this attempt to draw conclusions about possible self-archiving. To facilitate the future handling and classification of conference articles in Swedish institutional repositories a number of recommendations are suggested.
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| 5. |
- Minniti, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Boyan Jovanovic : recipient of the 2019 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research
- 2019
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : SPRINGER. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 53:3, s. 547-553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2019 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research has been awarded to Professor Boyan Jovanovic at New York University in the USA. Boyan Jovanovic has developed pioneering research that advances our understanding of the competitive dynamics between incumbent firms and new entrants, entrepreneurial learning and selection processes, and the importance of entrepreneurship for the economy. Key perspectives in his research are that the entrepreneur makes employment choices based on the comparative advantage of his or her skills and that entrepreneurial firms are vehicles of technological change and knowledge diffusion that influence industry dynamics and, in turn, economic growth.
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| 6. |
- Tavassoli, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation strategies and firm performance : Simple or complex strategies?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Routledge. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 25:7, s. 631-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the effect of various innovation strategies (ISs) of firms on their future performance, captured by labor productivity. Using five waves of the Community Innovation Survey in Sweden, we have traced the innovative behavior of firms over a decade, that is, from 2002 to 2012. We defined ISs to be either simple or complex (in various degrees). We call an IS a simple IS when firms engage in only one of the four types of Schumpeterian innovations, that is, product, process, marketing, or organizational, while a complex IS is when firms simultaneously engage in more than one type. The main findings indicate that those firms that choose and afford to have complex ISs are better off in terms of their future productivity in comparison with those firms that choose not to innovative (base group) and also in comparison with those firms that choose simple ISs. The results are mostly robust for those complex innovators that have a higher degree of complexity and also keep the balance between technological (product and process) and non-technological (organizational and marketing) innovations.
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| 7. |
- Tavassoli, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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Persistence of various types of innovation analyzed and explained
- 2015
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 44:10, s. 1887-1901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the persistency in innovation behavior of firms. Using five waves of the Community Innovation Survey in Sweden, we have traced the innovative behavior of firms over a ten-year period, i.e., between 2002 and 2012. We distinguish between four types of innovations: process, product, marketing, and organizational innovations. First, using transition probability matrix, we found evidence of (unconditional) state dependence in all types of innovation, with product innovators having the strongest persistent behavior. Second, using a dynamic probit model, we found evidence of "true" state dependency among all types of innovations, except marketing innovators. Once again, the strongest persistency was found for product innovators.
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| 8. |
- Tavassoli, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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Strategic entrepreneurship and knowledge spillovers : spatial and aspatial perspectives
- 2017
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Ingår i: The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. - : Springer. - 1554-7191 .- 1555-1938. ; 13:1, s. 233-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The literature in the Strategic Entrepreneurship (SE) is increasingly embracing the concept and implications of knowledge spillovers. In this paper, we add to the theoretical repertoire on SE and knowledge spillovers by investigating the types of knowledge spillovers and what they imply for various dimensions of SE. On the one hand, we distinguish between spatial and aspatial knowledge spillovers. On the other hand, we distinguish between three dimensions of SE, i.e. inputs, resource orchestration, and output. Finally, we conceptually link the various types of knowledge spillovers and dimensions of SE and discuss the implications. Doing so, we argue that spatial knowledge spillovers (inter-firm) has received the major attention in previous research in increasing the amount of ‘inputs’ dimension of SE, while the aspatial knowledge (either inter-regional or intra-firm) has been relatively neglected not only for ‘inputs’, but also for ‘resource orchestration’ dimension. At the end, the paper provides suggestions for future research.
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