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- Abraham-Nordling, Mirna, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of Hyperthyroidism in Sweden.
- 2011
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology. - 1479-683X. ; 165, s. 899-905
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The incidence of hyperthyroidism has been reported in various countries to be 23-93/100 000 inhabitants per year. This extended study has evaluated the incidence for ∼40% of the Swedish population of 9 million inhabitants. Sweden is considered to be iodine sufficient country. Methods All patients including children, who were newly diagnosed with overt hyperthyroidism in the years 2003-2005, were prospectively registered in a multicenter study. The inclusion criteria are as follows: clinical symptoms and/or signs of hyperthyroidism with plasma TSH concentration below 0.2 mIE/l and increased plasma levels of free/total triiodothyronine and/or free/total thyroxine. Patients with relapse of hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis were not included. The diagnosis of Graves' disease (GD), toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) and solitary toxic adenoma (STA), smoking, initial treatment, occurrence of thyroid-associated eye symptoms/signs, and demographic data were registered. Results A total of 2916 patients were diagnosed with de novo hyperthyroidism showing the total incidence of 27.6/100 000 inhabitants per year. The incidence of GD was 21.0/100 000 and toxic nodular goiter (TNG=STA+TMNG) occurred in 692 patients, corresponding to an annual incidence of 6.5/100 000. The incidence was higher in women compared with men (4.2:1). Seventy-five percent of the patients were diagnosed with GD, in whom thyroid-associated eye symptoms/signs occurred during diagnosis in every fifth patient. Geographical differences were observed. Conclusion The incidence of hyperthyroidism in Sweden is in a lower range compared with international reports. Seventy-five percent of patients with hyperthyroidism had GD and 20% of them had thyroid-associated eye symptoms/signs during diagnosis. The observed geographical differences require further studies.
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- Acosta, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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L-lactate after embolization of the superior mesenteric artery
- 2007
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH. - ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0022-4804. ; 143:2, s. 320-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Plasma markers for intestinal ischemia have not proven to be accurate. The value of L-lactate is unclear. Experimental models based on open surgery confound the effects of surgical trauma with that of ischemia. The aim was to create an endovascular model for acute superior mesenteric artery thromboembolism, and then to study L-lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity in plasma and peritoneal fluid in pigs with extensive, high-grade intestinal ischemia. Materials and methods. Nine pigs underwent full superior mesenteric artery embolization with 4 h of intended intestinal ischemia, whereas six were control animals. Sampling of central venous and arterial blood was performed throughout the experiment, ending with laparotomy to collect peritoneal fluid and segmental intestinal biopsies. A pathologist, blinded to the performed interventions, graded the ischemic lesions. Results. There were no differences in plasma L-lactate (P = 0.61) or LD activity levels (P = 0.69), measured at different time points from baseline to end of study, between animals with extensive, high-grade intestinal ischemia and sham. Intraperitoneal L-Lactate (P = 0.005) and LD activity (P = 0.018) levels were elevated compared with sham. There were differences in grades of ischemia in the duodenum (P = 0.003), small intestine (P < 0.001), proximal (P < 0.001), and sigmoid (P = 0.032) colon between experimental animals and sham. The grade of small bowel ischemia (n = 15) correlated to intraperitoneal fluid L-lactate (r = 0.80; P < 0.001) and LD activity levels (r = 0.72; P = 0.003). Conclusions. This endovascular study in a porcine model showed that L-lactate and LD activity levels in peritoneal fluid, not in plasma, reflect intestinal ischemia. The study suggests that plasma L-lactate not is a useful early marker in patients with suspicion of intestinal ischemia. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005 - Data from the national prostate cancer register in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - Taylor & Francis Group. - 0036-5599. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. Material and methods. Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. Results. In total, 72 028 patients were registered, comprising > 97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of > 100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score <= 6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged >= 75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. Conclusions. All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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- Ahlin, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclin A is a proliferative marker with good prognostic value in node-negative breast cancer
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965. ; 18:9, s. 2501-2506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Proliferative markers are not recommended as prognostic factors for clinical use in breast cancer due to lack of standardization in methodology. However, proliferation is driving several gene expression signatures emphasizing the need for a reliable proliferative marker IF or clinical use. Studies suggest that cyclin A is a prognostic marker with satisfying reproducibility. We investigated cyclin A as a prognostic marker in node-negative breast cancer using previously defined cutoff values. Patients and Methods: In a case-control study, we defined 190 women who died from breast cancer as cases and 190 women alive at the time for the corresponding case's death as controls. Inclusion criteria were tumor size <= 50 mm, no lymph node metastases and no adjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor tissues were immunostained for cyclin A using commercially available antibodies. Results: We found a statistically significant association between expression of cyclin A and breast cancer death in a univariate model: odds ratio for cyclin A(ave) 2.7 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7-4.3] and cyclin A(max) 3.4 (CI, 2.1-5.5). Corresponding odds ratio for Ki67 were Ki67(ave) 1.9 (CI, 1.2-3.1) and Ki67(max) 1.7 (CI, 1.1-2.7) and for grade 3.1 (CI, 1.8-5.1). Cyclin A was strongly correlated to Ki67 and grade why a model including all was not appropriate. Conclusions: Cyclin A is a prognostic factor for breast cancer death in node-negative patients using standardized methodology regarding scoring and cutoff values. Adding cyclin A as a proliferative marker to established clinicopathologic factors will improve the separation of low and high risk breast cancer.
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- Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Dose-dependent effect of growth hormone on final height in children with short stature without growth hormone deficiency
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - 0021-972X. ; 93:11, s. 4342-4350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: The effect of GH therapy in short non-GH-deficient children, especially those with idiopathic short stature (ISS), has not been clearly established owing to the lack of controlled trials continuing until final height (FH).OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on growth to FH of two GH doses given to short children, mainly with ISS, compared with untreated controls.DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, long-term multicenter trial was conducted in Sweden.INTERVENTION: Two doses of GH (Genotropin) were administered, 33 or 67 microg/kg.d; control subjects were untreated.SUBJECTS: A total of 177 subjects with short stature were enrolled. Of these, 151 were included in the intent to treat (AllITT) population, and 108 in the per protocol (AllPP) population. Analysis of ISS subjects included 126 children in the ITT (ISSITT) population and 68 subjects in the PP (ISSPP) population.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured FH sd score (SDS), difference in SDS to midparenteral height (diff MPHSDS), and gain in heightSDS.RESULTS: After 5.9+/-1.1 yr on GH therapy, the FHSDS in the AllPP population treated with GH vs. controls was -1.5+/-0.81 (33 microg/kg.d, -1.7+/-0.70; and 67 microg/kg.d, -1.4+/-0.86; P<0.032), vs. -2.4+/-0.85 (P<0.001); the diff MPHSDS was -0.2+/-1.0 vs. -1.0+/-0.74 (P<0.001); and the gain in heightSDS was 1.3+/-0.78 vs. 0.2+/-0.69 (P<0.001). GH therapy was safe and had no impact on time to onset of puberty. A dose-response relationship identified after 1 yr remained to FH for all growth outcome variables in all four populations.CONCLUSION: GH treatment significantly increased FH in ISS children in a dose-dependent manner, with a mean gain of 1.3 SDS (8 cm) and a broad range of response from no gain to 3 SDS compared to a mean gain of 0.2 SDS in the untreated controls.
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| 8. |
- Andershed, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Närståendes behov i palliativ vård
- 2004
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Ingår i: Närståendes behov : omvårdnad som akademiskt ämne III. - Stockholm : Svensk sjuksköterskeförening. - 91-85060-09-7 ; s. 103-115
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care: extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - Wiley InterScience. - 0803-5253. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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- Axelsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Geriatrik är ett försummat ämne i svensk läkarutbildning [Geriatrics neglected in Swedish medical education.] : "äldreparadoxen" kräver rejäl satsning ["The elderly paradox" requires a substantial effort]
- 2006
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 103:44, s. 3361-3365
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A survey at all six medical faculties in Sweden in the spring 2004 showed that basic medical schooling (Medical School) only included an average of 59 full hours of geriatrics, with a fivefold variation between universities (19 to 106 hours). This is despite the fact that the need for geriatric skills in the health care sector is steadily increasing. A test of general knowledge in geriatrics just before the tenth-semester geriatrics course in Malmö/Lund suggested that previous courses do not provide the necessary knowledge in geriatric medicine. The need of increased geriatrics training during medical school is pressing. Proposed measures to be taken are: i) designing and implementation of a joint Swedish core curriculum in geriatrics, ii) integration of gerontology and geriatrics into all relevant courses across the five and a half years of undergraduate education, and iii) an expansion of the existing geriatrics course, with its own exam.
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