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- Einarsson, Jon Thorkell, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of sustained remission in rheumatoid arthritis: impact of criteria sets and disease duration, a Nationwide Study in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Rheumatology (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0332 .- 1462-0324. ; 58:2, s. 227-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The aims of this national study in Sweden of patients with RA were to: examine the prevalence of sustained remission (SR), that is, remission lasting for at least 6 months; compare the prevalence of SR in patients with early RA and established RA; study the timing of onset of and time spent in SR; and study possible predictors of SR. Methods Adult patients with RA included in the Swedish Rheumatology Quality registry were studied. The registry was searched for patients fulfilling remission criteria: DAS28-ESR, Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) and ACR/EULAR remission for at least 6 months. Early RA was defined as symptom duration ⩽6 months at inclusion in the Swedish Rheumatology Quality. Results Of 29 084 patients, 12 193 (41.9%) reached DAS28 SR at some time point during follow-up compared with 6445 (22.2%), 6199 (21.3%) and 5087 (17.5%) for CDAI, SDAI and ACR/EULAR SR, respectively. SR was more common in early RA (P < 0.001). The median time from symptom onset to SR was 1.9, 2.4, 2.4 and 2.5 years according to DAS28, CDAI, SDAI and ACR/EULAR criteria, respectively. Lower age, male sex and milder disease characteristics were associated with SR. Conclusion The majority of patients in this nationwide study never reached SR. Patients with early RA are more likely to reach SR than patients with established RA.
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- Hedmer, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Diesel Exhaust Exposure Assessment Among Tunnel Construction Workers—Correlations Between Nitrogen Dioxide, Respirable Elemental Carbon, and Particle Number
- 2017
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Ingår i: Annals of Work Exposures and Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2398-7308 .- 2398-7316. ; 61:5, s. 539-553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust is common due the widespread use of dieselpowered combustion engines. Diesel exhaust is chemically complex and consists of thousands of compounds present as gases and particulate matter. Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and elemental carbon(EC) have been used as markers for diesel exhaust exposure. Currently EC is regarded as the best surrogate of diesel exhaust. The objective was to quantify the occupational exposure to diesel exhaust in underground tunnel construction work using a multi-metric approach, and to investigate the correlations between NO2, respirable EC, respirable organic carbon (OC), respirable total carbon(TC), respirable dust (RD), and particle number. Also, the use of NO2 as a proxy for diesel exhaust was evaluated, how much of the variability in the diesel exhaust exposure was attributed to within and between individual factors and if there was a difference between expert and self-administered measurements of NO2. Methods: The personal exposure to diesel exhaust was assessed by expert supervised measurements of NO2, EC, OC, TC, RD and particle number in the breathing zones of underground tunnel workers. Stationary sampling of NO2, EC, OC, TC, RD, size-fractioned mass concentration, and particle number were conducted. The personal and stationary measurements were conducted on threeoccasions simultaneously. The workers measured their exposure by repeated self-administered measurements of NO2. The self-administered measurements were performed twice for each worker with at least one month lag between the samplings. Results: In the simultaneous sampling of diesel exhaust, the geometric mean (GM) concentration of NO2 and respirable EC were 72 μg m−3 (10th–90th percentile 34–140 μg m−3) and 2.6 μg m−3 (10th–90th percentile 1.6–7.3 μg m−3), respectively. The GM for OC and TC was 28 μg m−3 (10th–90th percentile 20–42 μg m−3) and 31 μg m−3 (10th–90th percentile 20–50 μg m−3), respectively. The GM for RD and particle number was 180 μg m−3 (10th–90th percentile 20–530 μg m−3) and 47 900 cm−3 (10th–90th percentile (27 500–94 100 cm−3), respectively. A significant correlation was found between NO2 and respirable EC [Spearman’s correlation r = 0.53 (P = 0.05)]. The within-worker variability of NO2 was 45.5% and the between-worker variability was 54.5%. The self-administered measured concentrations of NO2 (GM 70 μg m−3) did not statistically differ from the NO2 concentrations measured by an expert (P > 0.35).Conclusion: The diesel exhaust exposure in tunnel construction work was low. A significant correlation between NO2 and EC was observed. This indicates that NO2 could be used as a proxy for diesel exhaust in tunnel work if diesel exhaust is the only source of NO2 and if the ratio between EC and NO2 is known and constant. Passive sampling of NO2 is much easier and cheaper to perform compared with active sampling of EC. It is possible to utilize self-administered NO2 measurements in extreme and inaccessible work environments. This study adds support to continued use of NO2 as an exposure marker in combination with EC for diesel exhaust exposure. In tunnel construction work, the variability in the diesel exhaust exposure was high both between- and within-workers.
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- Khalaf, Atika, et al.
(författare)
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Female University Students’ Physical Activity Levels and Associated Factors — A Cross-Sectional Study in Southwestern Saudi Arabia
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 10:8, s. 3502-3517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The high prevalence of physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia is a growing challenge to public health. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and associated factors among female university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 663 randomly selected female university students who completed the Arab Teens Life Style questionnaire. Data included measurements of anthropometric, socioeconomic and environmental factors, as well as self-reported PA. Ordinal regression was used to identify associated factors with low, moderate and high PA levels.Results: The mean age of participants was 20.4 years (SD 1.5). Mean BMI of the students in relation to PA were 23.0, 22.9, 22.1 for high, moderate and low levels of activity, respectively. The analysis revealed significantly higher PA levels among married students, those with high educated mothers, and those who lived far from parks, and lower activity levels among underweight students. Conclusions: This study raises four important determinants for female university students’ PA levels. These factors could be of great importance in the endeavor to prevent the health-threatening increase in physical inactivity patterns and thus non-communicable diseases and obesity where the focus should be on the specific situation and needs of women in Saudi Arabia.
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- Strand, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Så kan AI valideras för klinisk implementering
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Företag marknadsför över 200 mjukvaror för artificiell intelligens (AI) inom radiologi.Vårdgivare behöver ha möjlighet till opartisk och kvalitetssäkrad utvärdering.Projektet Validering av AI inom bröstradiologi (VAI-B) startades för att möta detta behov, initialt inom mammografiscreening.
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- Stuart, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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vNOTES – en ny minimalinvasiv metod för gynekologisk kirurgi
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- vNOTES hysterectomy is a scarless minimally invasive method with a vaginal approach to the abdominal cavity combined with endoscopic overview. Studies have shown that patients who underwent vNOTES hysterectomy had less pain and shorter hospital stay than after laparoscopic hysterectomy.
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