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Sökning: LAR1:lu > (2005-2009) > Tidskriftsartikel > Engelska > Luleå tekniska universitet

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1.
  • Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, et al. (författare)
  • A literature review of the sexual health of women with rheumatoid arthritis
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Musculoskeletal Care. - : Wiley. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 7:4, s. 219-226
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sexual health problems are common for women with Rheumatoid Arthritis, RA. Sexual health is covered in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by two different fields: sexual function and intimate relationships, which are included in the ICF core sets for RA. Most patients with RA are female, and there are differences concerning sexual health between women and men with RA.The aim of this study was to explore the literature concerning the effects of RA on the sexual health of female patients, and also recommend solutions to improve the sexual health of women with RA.Sexual health problems can occur before, during and after sexual activities, and can affect women's sexual health in different perspectives. The investigated areas concerning female RA-patients and sexual are general sexual problems, sexual satisfaction, sexual desire, sexual performance, and sexual functioning. RA affects sexual health as a result of pain, reduced joint mobility, fatigue, depression and body image alterations. The investigated material provides few solutions to sexual health problems of female RA-patients. The most commonly mentioned solution is increased information and communication between health professionals and patients. Some of the studies recommend physiotherapy. Further research is needed to understand which types of intervention can help women with RA to improve their sexual health.
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2.
  • Brogårdh, Christina, et al. (författare)
  • What is the long-term benefit of constraint-induced movement therapy? A four-year follow-up.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0873 .- 0269-2155. ; 23, s. 418-423
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To evaluate the long-term benefits of constraint-induced movement therapy in chronic stroke.Design: A four-year follow-up after constraint-induced group therapy assessing arm and hand function and self-reported daily hand use.Subjects: Fourteen post-stroke individuals (six women and eight men; mean age 59.6 +/- 12.7 years, range 23-75 years) with mild to moderate impairments of hand function. OUTCOME MEASURES: The Sollerman hand function test and the Motor Activity Log test.Results: Four years after constraint-induced group therapy the participants had maintained their hand function, as measured by the Sollerman hand function test. The self-reported use and quality of movements of the more affected hand, as measured by the Motor Activity Log test, had decreased compared to post-treatment and three months follow-up (P < 0.01), but was still significantly higher than pre-treatment (P < 0.05).Conclusion: There seems to be a long-term benefit of constraint-induced group therapy. Hand function was maintained over time and daily hand use had increased compared to pre-treatment. To provide guidelines about the clinical use of constraint-induced movement therapy further, larger and controlled studies are needed.
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3.
  • Drake, Anna Maria, et al. (författare)
  • Reproducibility of isokinetic ankle dorsiflexor strength and fatigue measurements in healthy older subjects.
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Isokinetics and Exercise Science. - 1878-5913 .- 0959-3020. ; 15:4, s. 263-270
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to determine the test-retest (two occasions seven days part) reproducibility of isokinetic (Biodex) concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) ankle dorsiflexor strength and fatigue measurements in older subjects using several statistical methods. Thirty healthy men (n=15) and women (n=15) aged between 70 and 85 years participated in the study. To determine the reproducibility of strength measurements, the 30 individuals performed three maximal CON and ECC contractions at 30°/s and 90°/s. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_{2.1}) for CON and ECC strength measurements was high and ranged from 0.94 to 0.98. Bland & Altman graphs and analyses indicted no systematic bias. The standard error of measurement (SEM), representing the smallest change that indicates a real improvement (or deterioration) for a group of individuals, was small (< 2.3 Nm). The smallest real difference (SRD), representing the smallest detectable change that indicates a real improvement (or deterioration) for a single subject, was also small ('error bands' from −7.2 Nm to 5.6 Nm). A high correlation (Pearson's r > 0.94) between CON peak torque at 30°/s and 90°/s, as well as ECC peak torque at 30°/s and 90°/s, suggested that any of these two velocities could be used as a reference. To determine the reproducibility of fatigue measurements, 28 of the 30 individuals performed 50 maximal CON contractions at 60°/s. Reproducibility of the loss in work (work fatigue) and the relative loss in peak torque, comparing the first three to the last three contractions (3-3), was determined and the ICC was 0.71 and 0.60, respectively. In addition, the SEM was small (< 8.4%) and the 'error bands' to define the SRD for a single subject were also small (from −23.5% to 24.5%). In conclusion, these values indicate small measurement errors and thus provide a clinically acceptable basis for testing ankle dorsiflexion strength and fatigue of the dominant side in healthy older people.
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4.
  • Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt, et al. (författare)
  • Knee muscle strength, gait performance, and perceived participation after stroke
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-9993 .- 1532-821X. ; 87:7, s. 974-80
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To assess the relation between knee muscle strength, gait performance, and perceived participation in subjects with chronic mild to moderate poststroke hemiparesis. DESIGN: Descriptive analysis of convenience sample. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty men and women (mean age, 58+/-6.4y) 6 to 46 months poststroke. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Isokinetic concentric knee extension and flexion strength was measured at 60 degrees /s. Gait performance was assessed by Timed Up & Go, comfortable and fast gait speed, stair climbing ascend and descend, and 6-minute walk test. Perceived participation was assessed with the Stroke Impact Scale. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation (P < .01) between knee muscle strength and gait performance for the paretic but not for the nonparetic lower limb. Strength for the paretic limb explained 34% to 50% of the variance in gait performance; the addition of strength for the nonparetic limb explained at most a further 11% of the variance in gait performance. There was a significant correlation (P < .01) between gait performance and perceived participation; gait performance explained 28% to 40% of the variance in perceived participation. CONCLUSIONS: Knee muscle strength is a moderate to strong predictor of walking ability in individuals with chronic mild to moderate poststroke hemiparesis. Walking ability influences perceived participation, but the strengths of the relations indicate that other factors are also important
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5.
  • Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt, et al. (författare)
  • Progressive resistance training after stroke: Effects on muscle strength, muscle tone, gait performance and perceived participation.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 0001-5555 .- 1650-1977. ; 40:1, s. 42-48
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of progressive resistance training on muscle strength, muscle tone, gait performance and perceived participation after stroke. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS: Twenty-four subjects (mean age 61 years (standard deviation 5)) 6-48 months post-stroke. METHODS: The training group (n = 15) participated in supervised progressive resistance training of the knee muscles (80% of maximum) twice weekly for 10 weeks, and the control group (n = 9) continued their usual daily activities. Both groups were assessed before and after the intervention and at follow-up after 5 months. Muscle strength was evaluated dynamically and isokinetically (60 degrees /sec) and muscle tone by the Modified Ashworth Scale. Gait performance was evaluated by Timed "Up & Go", Fast Gait Speed and 6-Minute Walk tests, and perceived participation by Stroke Impact Scale. RESULTS: Muscle strength increased significantly after progressive resistance training with no increase in muscle tone and improvements were maintained at follow-up. Both groups improved in gait performance, but at follow-up only Timed "Up & Go" and perceived participation were significantly better for the training group. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive resistance training is an effective intervention to improve muscle strength in chronic stroke. There appear to be long-term benefits, but further studies are needed to clarify the effects, specifically of progressive resistance training on gait performance and participation.
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6.
  • Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt, et al. (författare)
  • Reliability of gait performance tests in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke.
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 37:2, s. 75-82
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability of 6 gait performance tests in individuals with chronic mild to moderate post-stroke hemiparesis.DESIGN: An intra-rater (between occasions) test-retest reliability study. Subjects: Fifty men and women (mean age 58+/-6.4 years) 6-46 months post-stroke.METHODS: The Timed "Up & Go" test, the Comfortable and the Fast Gait Speed tests, the Stair Climbing ascend and descend tests and the 6-Minute Walk test were assessed 7 days apart. Reliability was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC(2,1)), the Bland & Altman analysis, the standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM%) and the smallest real difference (SRD and SRD%).RESULTS: Test-retest agreements were high (ICC(2,1) 0.94-0.99) with no discernible systematic differences between the tests. The standard error of measurement (SEM%), representing the smallest change that indicates a real (clinical) improvement for a group of individuals, was small (< 9%). The smallest real difference (SRD%), representing the smallest change that indicates a real (clinical) improvement for a single individual, was also small (13-23%).CONCLUSION: These commonly used gait performance tests are highly reliable and can be recommended to evaluate improvements in various aspects of gait performance in individuals with chronic mild to moderate hemiparesis after stroke.
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7.
  • Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt, et al. (författare)
  • What change in isokinetic knee muscle strength can be detected in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke?
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0873 .- 0269-2155. ; 19:5, s. 514-522
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To assess the intra-rater (between occasions) test-retest reliability of isokinetic knee muscle strength measurements in subjects with chronic poststroke hemiparesis and to define limits for the smallest change that indicates real (clinical) improvements for stroke patients. Subjects: Fifty men and women (mean age 589±6.4 years) 6=±46 months post stroke, able to walk at least 300 m with or without a unilateral assistive device. Methods: Maximal concentric knee extension and flexion contractions at 608/s and 1208/s, and maximal eccentric knee extension contractions at 608/s, with the paretic and nonparetic limbs, were performed seven days apart using a Biodex dynamometer. Measures: Reliability of the maximum peak torque measurements was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1), the Bland and Altman analyses, the standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM%) and the smallest real difference (SRD and SRD%). Results: Test retest agreements were high (ICC2,1 0.89-0.96) with no discernible systematic differences between limbs, angular velocities and modes. The SEM%, representing the smallest change that indicates a real (clinical) improvement for a group of subjects, was relatively small (8-20%). The SRD%, representing the smallest change that indicates a real improvement for a single subject ranged from 26% to 33% for concentric knee extension, from 39% to 55% for concentric knee flexion, and from 22% to 25% for eccentric knee extension. Conclusion: Isokinetic knee muscle strength can be reliably measured and used to detect real improvements following an intervention for single subjects as well as for groups of subjects with chronic mild to moderate hemiparesis after stroke.
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8.
  • Gao, Chuansi, et al. (författare)
  • Gait muscle activity during walking on an inclined icy surface
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Industrial Health. - : National Institute of Industrial Health. - 1880-8026 .- 0019-8366. ; 46:1, s. 15-22
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The objective of this study was to explain the contribution of lower extremity muscle activity to gait kinetic and kinematic adaptations for maintaining gait dynamic balance when walking on an inclined icy surface and the biomechanical mechanisms used to counteract slip risk. A two-way factorial experimental design was applied. The two independent variables were the walkway surface (ice and treadmill) and the walkway inclination (0º, 6º, 8º). The dependent variable was the amplitude of the surface EMG of four right lower extremity muscles (tibialis anterior TA, gastrocnemius lateralis GL, rectus femoris RF, and biceps femoris BF). Twelve healthy subjects (7 males and 5 females) participated in the walking trials. A two-way ANOVA analysis showed that on the icy surface in the heel contact phase, EMG amplitudes significantly decreased in TA and RF compared to those for the treadmill surface. In the mid-stance phase, the GL muscle activity significantly decreased on ice compared to treadmill and all four muscle activities increased significantly with the inclination. During the toe off phase, GL and RF activities increased with the inclination. The mechanisms identified may be applied to develop intervention, rehabilitation and training techniques, and to improve performance in human locomotion, such as for winter sports.
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9.
  • Gard, Gunvor, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of anti-slip devices from healthy individuals in different ages on slippery surfaces
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-9126 .- 0003-6870. ; 37:2, s. 177-186
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The interest for effective preventive strategies for slips and falls in growing.Much remains to be done however to prevent slips and falls in the traffic environment.Using an appropriate anti-slip device may reduce the risk of slips and falls on different surfaces outdoors during winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the best anti-slip devices of different designs in the Swedish market on a larger group of healthy individuals in different ages on five slippery surfaces as a way to develop a standard method to test anti-slip devices. Evaliuations were done according to subject's perceived walking safety and balance,videorecordings of walking postures and movements,time to take on and off each anti-slip device,advantages and disadvantages and list of priorities for own use. A heel device was preceived to be the most safe on all five surfaces.It was perceived as the most rapid to take on and off and had the highest priority according to walking safety,walking balance and choice fo
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10.
  • Gard, Gunvor (författare)
  • Body awareness therapy for patients with fibromyalgia and chronic pain
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 27:12, s. 725-728
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There are several therapies designed to increase body awareness. They are commonly known as body awareness therapies ( BAT) and include Basic BAT, Mensendieck and Feldenkrais therapy. A focus on emotions is important in all these therapies. In this article the aim and development of Basic BAT is described together with evaluations of treatments including Basic BAT. Multidisciplinary studies have shown that Basic BAT can increase health-related quality of life and cost-effectiveness. However Basic BAT needs to be further studied in relation to patients with. fibromyalgia ( FM) and chronic pain. Studies so far indicate that Basic BAT has positive effects.
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