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| 2. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Assistive technology in developing countries: a review from the perspective of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Prosthetics and Orthotics International. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1746-1553 .- 0309-3646. ; 35:1, s. 20-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The 'Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities' (CRPD) requires governments to meet the assistive technology needs of citizens. However, the access to assistive technology in developing countries is severely limited, which is aggravated by a lack of related services. Objectives: To summarize current knowledge on assistive technology for low- and lower-middle-income countries published in 1995 or later, and to provide recommendations that facilitate implementation of the CRPD. Study design: Literature review. Methods: Literature was searched in web-based databases and reference lists. Studies carried out in low- and lower-middle-income countries, or addressing assistive technology for such countries, were included. Results: The 52 included articles are dominated by product oriented research on leg prostheses and manual wheelchairs. Less has been published on hearing aids and virtually nothing on the broad range of other types of assistive technology. Conclusions: To support effective implementation of the CRPD in these countries, there is a need for actions and research related particularly to policies, service delivery, outcomes and international cooperation, but also to product development and production. Clinical relevance The article has a potential to contribute to CRPD compliant developments in the provision of assistive technology in developing countries by providing practitioners with an overview of published knowledge and researchers with identified research needs.
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| 3. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The Friction Model - a dynamic model of functioning, disability and contextual factors and its conceptual and practical applicability.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 32, s. 1790-1797
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. To develop a model of the dynamics of functioning, disability and contextual factors which harmonises with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Method. Model parts based on ICF were identified and a model drawing from engineering concepts was developed. The conceptual and practical applicability of the model was discussed. Results. The so called Friction Model was created, which incorporates the ICF entities capacity, performance, environmental factors, health condition, body functions and structures, and personal factors. Friction describes the interaction between a person and his or her environment. The coefficient of friction is defined as the ratio between capacity and performance. Conclusion. Carrying conceptual strengths and limitations, the Friction Model appears to offer opportunities for practical applications, including ICF-based alternatives to health-economic analyses. Harmonising with the ICF model and terminology, the model uses friction to describe the interaction between a person and the environment. The coefficient of friction can be used as a simple measure of how facilitating an environment is. The applicability is not limited to functioning of people with impairments.
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| 4. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The right to assistive technology: for whom, for what, and by whom?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Disability & Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0968-7599 .- 1360-0508. ; 26:2, s. 151-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite its facilitating role in creating opportunities for people with disabilities to exercise human rights, access to assistive technology is limited in many countries. It is therefore promising that the Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) addresses this area. The purpose of this study was to analyse the assistive technology content of the CRPD from a basic human rights perspective in order to clarify its limitations and opportunities for formulation of policies and implementation strategies. Data were collected through a content analysis of the CRPD. It is concluded that a non-discriminatory interpretation of the provisions entitles all people with disabilities to a right to demand available and affordable assistive technology. Ensuring this right is a national as well as an international responsibility.
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| 6. |
- Ericson, Maria
(författare)
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Rapport angående en eventuell Sanningskommission för romer och resande/resanderomer i Sverige
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten diskuterar hur en Sanningskommission skulle kunna se ut och bedriva sitt arbete. Denna diskussion innefattar bland annat kommissions sammansättning, mandat och arbetsuppgifter, dess befogenhet och resurser, olika former av offentliggörande, stödprogram för dem som vittar om övergrepp som de utsatts för, samt olika sätt att resonera kring gottgörelse och kompensation för offren. Enligt rapporten skulle en sanningskommission för romer och resande/resanderomer i Sverige kunna ha karaktären av en ”historisk sanningskommission”, där syftet är att markera att tiden är inne för att göra upp med rättighetskränkningar i det förflutna.
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| 7. |
- Erlandsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers' experiences of the time after the diagnosis of an intrauterine death until the induction of the delivery : a qualitative Internet-based study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research. - : Wiley. - 1341-8076 .- 1447-0756 .- 0144-3615 .- 1364-6893. ; 37:11, s. 1677-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This study aims to describe how mothers spend the period of time between being diagnosed with a dead baby in utero and the induction of the delivery.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were collected using a web questionnaire. Five hundred and fifteen women who had experienced a stillbirth after the 22nd week of gestation answered the open question: 'What did you do between the diagnosis of the child's death and the beginning of the delivery?' A qualitative content analysis method was used.RESULTS: The results show that some mothers received help to adapt to the situation, while for others, waiting for the induction meant further stress and additional psychological trauma in an already strained situation.CONCLUSION: There is no reason to wait with the induction unless the parents themselves express a wish to the contrary. Health care professionals, together with the parents, should try to determine the best time for the induction of the birth after the baby's death in utero. That time may vary, depending on the parents' preferences.
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| 8. |
- Gradmark, Anna, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and estimated insulin sensitivity and secretion in pregnant and non-pregnant women
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - London : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 44:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Overweight and obesity during pregnancy raise the risk of gestational diabetes and birth complications. Lifestyle factors like physical activity may decrease these risks through beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis. Here we examined physical activity patterns and their relationships with measures of glucose homeostasis in late pregnancy compared to non-pregnant women. Methods: Normal weight and overweight women without diabetes (N=108; aged 25-35 years) were studied; 35 were pregnant (in gestational weeks 28-32) and 73 were non-pregnant. Insulin sensitivity and beta-cell response were estimated from an oral glucose tolerance test. Physical activity was measured during 10-days of free-living using a combined heart rate sensor and accelerometer. Total (TEE), resting (REE), and physical activity (PAEE) energy expenditure were measured using doubly-labeled water and expired gas indirect calorimetry. Results: Total activity was associated with reduced first-phase insulin response in both pregnant (Regression r2=0.11; Spearman r=-0.47; p=0.007) and non-pregnant women (Regression r2=0.11; Spearman; r=-0.36; p=0.002). Relative to non-pregnant women, pregnant women were estimated to have secreted 67% more insulin and had 10% lower fasting glucose than non-pregnant women. Pregnant women spent 13% more time sedentary, 71% less time in moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity, had 44% lower objectively measured total activity,and 12% lower PAEE than non-pregnant women. Correlations did not differ significantly for any comparison between physical activity subcomponents and measures of insulin sensitivity or secretion. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that physical activity conveys similar benefits on glucose homeostasis in pregnant and non-pregnant women, despite differences in subcomponents of physical activity.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Patient satisfaction with ambulance care services: Survey from two districts in southern Sweden.
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-013X .- 1755-599X. ; 19:2, s. 86-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of several quality indicators that are relevant to study is patient's satisfaction with health care in the ambulance services. Regular measurements of patient satisfaction in this field have not been carried out previously and a validated method of measurement is lacking.
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| 10. |
- Jonsson, Anna, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Defining goals in participatory water management: merging local visions and expert judgements
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - Oxfordshire, UK : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0559 .- 0964-0568. ; 54:7, s. 909-935
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Management by objectives is intrinsic to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and Swedish environmental policy. We describe three approaches to formulating objectives via model-assisted dialogue with local stakeholders concerning eutrophication in a coastal drainage area in south-eastern Sweden: a WFD eco-centred approach based on 'natural state'; Swedish environmental policy reformulated into quantified reduction goals; and a participatory approach based on local stakeholder definitions of desirable environmental status. Despite problems with representation, we conclude that local stakeholder participation in formulating local goals could increase goal functionality and robustness when adapting and implementing national and EU WFD goals at the local level.
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