| 1. |
- Actis, M., et al.
(författare)
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Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA : an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Experimental astronomy. - : Springer. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 32:3, s. 193-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.
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| 2. |
- Agerström, Jens, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in implicit moral orientation associations : The justice and care debate revisited
- 2011
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Ingår i: Current Research in Social Psychology. - 1088-7423. ; 17, s. 10-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Employing new measures (Implicit Association Test) to study the classic issue of moralorientations, we predicted and found gender differences in implicit associations to the conceptsof justice and care. Specifically, we found that men more strongly associate justice vs. care withimportance and with themselves than women. However, participants’ explicit ratings did notreveal any clear patterns of gender differences, which is consistent with previous studies.Implications for social psychological theory and research on morality are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Agerström, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of temporal distance on justice and care morality
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1467-9450 .- 0036-5564. ; 51, s. 46-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary goal of this study was to examine whether changes in the temporal distance of a moral dilemma affect how it is perceived and subsequently resolved. Based on Construal Level Theory (Trope & Liberman, 2003), it was predicted that the relative weight of abstract justice features should increase and the relative weight of concrete care features should decrease with temporal distance. The results showed that females became increasingly justice-oriented with greater temporal distance. However, this was not the case for males who were unaffected by temporal distance. This interaction was conceptually replicated in a follow-up experiment in which abstraction was manipulated directly by a mindset manipulation. The present results suggest that temporal distance is a contextual factor that can alter the extent to which moral judgments and reasoning are based on justice and care, although this effect seems to be moderated by gender.
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| 4. |
- Albin, Björn, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Lower prevalence of hip fractures in foreign-born individuals than in Swedish-born individuals during the period 1987-1999
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - London, UK : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2474. ; 11, s. 203-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cultural background and environmental factors such as UV-radiation and lifestyle during childhood and adolescence may influence the risk of a hip fracture event later in life. Differences in prevalence might occur between the indigenous population and those who have migrated to a country.METHODS: The study was based on national population data. The study population consisted of 321,407 Swedish-born and 307,174 foreign-born persons living in Sweden during the period 1987-1999.RESULTS: Foreign-born persons had reduced risk of hip fracture, with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.47-0.77 for men and 0.42-0.88 for women respectively. Foreign-born women had the hip fracture event at a higher age on average, but a longer time spent in Sweden was associated with a small but significant increase in risk.CONCLUSIONS: There was a reduced risk of hip fracture in all foreign-born individuals, and that the hip fracture event generally happened at a higher age in foreign-born women. Migration must therefore be considered in relation to the prevalence and risk of hip fracture. Migration can therefore have a positive effect on one aspect of the health of a population, and can influence and lower the total cost of healthcare due to reduced risk and prevalence of hip fracture.
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| 5. |
- Albin, Björn, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Residential mobility among foreign-born persons living in Sweden is associated with lower morbidity
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - Macclesfield, UK : Dove Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-1349 .- 1179-1349. ; 9:2, s. 187-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: to analyze the pattern of mortality in deceased foreign-born persons living in Sweden during the years 1970-1999 in relation to distance mobility.MEthods: Data from Statistics Sweden and the National Board of Health and Welfare was used, and the study population consisted of 281,412 foreign-born persons aged 16 years and over who were registered as living in Sweden in 1970.Results: Distance mobility did not have a negative effect on health. Total mortality was lower (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.69-0.73) in foreign-born persons in Sweden who had changed their county of residence during the period 1970-1990. Higher death rates were observed, after adjustment for age, in three ICD diagnosis groups "Injury and poisoning", "External causes of injury and poisoning", and "Diseases of the digestive system" among persons who had changed county of residence.
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| 6. |
- Anderbrant, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Pheromone of the elm bark beetle Scolytus laevis (Coleoptera Scolytidae) : stereoisomers of 4-methyl-3-heptanol reduce interspecific competition
- 2010
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Ingår i: Chemoecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-7409 .- 1423-0445. ; 20:3, s. 179-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stereoisomers of 4-methyl-3-heptanol (MH) are pheromone components of several Scolytus bark beetles. The elm bark beetle Scolytus laevis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) has in previous studies been caught in traps baited with commercial MH containing all four stereoisomers, but the lure has been considered a weak attractant. In this study, we addressed the question whether stereospecific responses by S. laevis to stereoisomers of MH might contribute to its niche separation from other sympatric Scolytus species. Using GC-MS, we analyzed extracts of hindguts and abdomens from male and female S. laevis and the sympatric S. triarmatus. We also tested all four MH-stereoisomers individually and in combinations in the field to determine their role for S. laevis. All four stereoisomers were synthesized via a boronic ester method with 1,2-dicyclohexylethanediol as chiral director. In addition, the (3S,4R)-stereoisomer of MH was prepared through enantioselective, lipase-mediated transesterification of a mixture of the four stereoisomers of MH. Females of both species contained small amounts of syn-MH, and males contained trace amounts of anti-MH. The anti stereoisomer (3R,4S)-MH was attractive to male and female S. laevis, whereas the syn stereoisomer (3S,4S)-MH acted as an inhibitor or deterrent and reduced the catch when added to the attractive isomer. The syn isomer is the main aggregation pheromone component of the larger and sympatric S. scolytus and possibly also of S. triarmatus. The avoidance response of S. laevis to the (3S,4S)-stereoisomer may reduce interspecific competition for host trees.
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| 7. |
- Andersen, Otto, et al.
(författare)
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CO2 emissions from the transport of China's exported goods
- 2010
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-6777 .- 0301-4215. ; 38:10, s. 5790-5798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emissions of greenhouse gases in many European countries are declining, and the European Union (EU) believes it is on track in achieving emission reductions as agreed upon in the Kyoto Agreement and the EU's more ambitious post-Kyoto climate policy. However, a number of recent publications indicate that emission reductions may also have been achieved because production has been shifted to other countries, and in particular China. If a consumption perspective is applied, emissions in industrialized countries are substantially higher, and may not have declined at all. Significantly, emissions from transports are omitted in consumption-based calculations. As all trade involves transport, mostly by cargo ship, but also by air, transports add considerably to overall emissions growth incurred in production shifts. Consequently, this article studies the role of transports in creating emissions of CO2, based on the example of exports from China. Results are discussed with regard to their implications for global emission reductions and post-Kyoto negotiations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Harness mobility : Managing the off-task property
- 2010
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Ingår i: DESRIST 2010: The 5th International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology 2010, in St Gallen, Switzerland. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. ; 6105, s. 258-269, s. 258-269
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technological advancements in mobile computing and wireless networks open up to new applications and new user-groups in the mobile workforce. However, a considerable part of the mobile workforce, such as e.g. drivers or healthcare staff, is chiefly performing other tasks than interacting with their computers. As a result, they are not able to pay attention to computer interaction, making them mainly off computer tasks. The aim of the paper is to develop a design theory to manage off-task situations in mobile computing. Interviews were performed with developers of an information system comprising mobile devices for drivers. From the interviews, a design of an artifact and a design theory based on a strategy to automate routine administration task using place awareness is presented. The eight components of IS design theory by Gregor and Jones is applied as a theoretical framework.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Bo
(författare)
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Harnessing Handheld Computing – Managing IS Support to the Digital Ranger with Defensive Design
- 2011
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Ingår i: Service-oriented perspectives in design science research: 6th international conference. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783642206320 - 9783642206337 ; 6629, s. 62-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent years of development in mobile computing as powerful handheld computers and high-speed wireless networks creates opportunities for new user-groups in the mobile workforce to take advantage of mobile technologies. User-groups may be more or less geographical distributed and as a consequence more or less marooned when it comes to obtaining IT/IS support and this increases the complexity of delivering IT/IS support to these geographically distributed end-users. In this design paper the aim is to develop a design theory to manage problems in IT/IS support to the outbound user. Semistructured interviews were performed with developers and documents studies of an information system comprising handheld mobile computing devices for drivers. From the interviews, a design theory based on the implemented strategy of defensive design is presented. The six components of IS design theory by Gregor and Jones is applied as a theoretical framework for evaluation of the design theory.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Bo
(författare)
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Mobile Computing from a Developer's Perspective: A 10-Year Review, 1999-2008
- 2010
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Ingår i: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1865-1348. - 9783642161001 - 9783642161018 ; 64, s. 220-233
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This review has examined research in mobile computing from a developer's perspective. The review was underpinned by the assumption that mobile computing has accentuated factors compared to stationary computing that ought to be managed to harness the possibilities of mobile computing. Applying a developer's perspective rendered a certain interest in design-oriented research, i.e. prescriptive research. Articles were categorised in three dimensions; the first dimension was developmental factors accentuated by mobile computing. The second dimension regarded the approach, if it was descriptive or prescriptive. The third dimension regarded the organisational settings, if the user were a member of the mobile workforce or not. The purpose of this study was to identify areas of inquiry in mobile computing from a design-oriented perspective. The findings revealed that research among accentuated factors of mobility is unevenly distributed and that research on the mobile workforce is under-represented. However, design-oriented research has a reasonable representation in the set of publications. The under-representation of research concerning the mobile workforce ought to have relevance for business informatics research. In conjunction with these findings some thoughts on future research areas are presented.
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