| 1. |
- Svendenius, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Oral Pathology in Swedish Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 280 Biopsies
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Dentistry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0898-7564 .- 2470-4083. ; 27, s. 91-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the frequency of different types of oral lesions in biopsies sent to a department of human oral pathology for histologic examination. The impact of gender; age, and breed was assessed. The biopsy specimens were reviewed and diagnosed according to human pathology nomenclature and the classification of different diagnoses used in human and veterinary pathology is discussed. Reactive lesions were diagnosed in 39 % of the biopsies, while benign and malignant neoplasms were diagnosed in 27 %, and 15 % of the biopsies, respectively. The most common diagnosis was reactive gingival hyperplasia (24 %), followed by peripheral odontogenic fibroma (21 %) and melanoma (8 %,). Epulides comprised 69 % of all lesions. Dogs with malignant oral tumors were older than those with benign tumors, however there was no significant gender differences for any group of lesions. Pure-bred dogs were more prone to develop pathology than mixed-breeds. Of the larger breeds in Sweden, Boxer dogs had the highest prevalence (3.77/1000) of biopsies submitted. J Vet Dent 27(2); 91 - 97, 2010
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| 2. |
- Gunnarsson, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Biodigestion of Plant material Can Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency in a Red Beet Crop Sequence
- 2011
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Ingår i: Hortscience. - : American Society for Horticultural Sciences. - 0018-5345 .- 2327-9834. ; 46:5, s. 765-775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitrogen (N) tied up in or lost from decomposing biomass decreases the residual N effects of green manure and of other crop residues. During anaerobic degradation in a biogas digestor (biodigestion), N mineralization takes place under conditions in which losses can be kept to a minimum. Therefore, biodigestion of green manure biomass and beet foliage was tested to generate readily available N and compared with a direct green manure fertilization system. The effluent was applied as fertilizer in field experiments on a sandy soil as a tool for improving N supply for an organic farming system. Data from the field experiments were used for simulating the amount of net inorganic N equivalents (inorganic N equivalents from effluent plus inorganic N equivalents from pre-crops) in three crop sequences: A) green manure ley, red beets, winter rye; B) harvested ley, red beets, winter rye; and C) harvested ley, spring barley, red beets in which (B) and (C) represented biogas nutrient management systems and (A) a green manure system. When all available effluent from biogas production from 1 ha of grass–clover ley with two or three harvests (2H-ley or 3H-ley) and one hectare of beet foliage was used as a fertilizer for red beets (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva Alef) after barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), the yield of marketable red beets increased by 5.7 Mg·ha–1 (33%) with effluent from 2H-ley and beet foliage and 9.1 Mg·ha–1 (53%) with effluent from 3H-ley and beet foliage compared with red beets grown without effluent fertilization after a green manure ley. When total dry matter production was taken into account, the advantage for the BG systems with 2H- and 3H-ley was 15% and 28%, respectively. The nitrate concentration in the red beets was not higher with effluent supplied at this level than with green manure as the only N source. The simulated amount of net inorganic N equivalents was 128 kg N for the whole of crop sequence (C) with 1 ha of each crop and where effluent supply to red beets was based on digested biomass in ley and beet tops. The corresponding amount of net inorganic N equivalents for the green manure crop sequence (A), in which no effluent was supplied, was 73 kg N. Unused soil mineral N (0- to 90-cm depth) at red beet harvest indicated that the risk of leaching in BG systems was lower than in GrM systems (88, 76, and 61 kg Nmin/ha left after unmanured beets after Gr-M-ley, low manured beets after 3H-ley and high manured beets after barley, respectively). Effluent fertilization of red beets directly after 2H- and 3H-ley gave unexpectedly low yield responses compared with red beets after barley. The reasons may be the result of nutritional imbalance of other nutrients than N or may be plant pathological in nature. The conclusion is that a nutrient management system with biodigestion can increase net inorganic N equivalents and reduce risk for N leaching, but inappropriate use of the effluent, i.e., at an unsuitable point in the crop rotation, may negate the benefits.
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| 3. |
- Sonesson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Recent advances on oak decline in southern Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Broadleaved Forests in Southern Sweden: Management for Multiple Goals. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9781405188869 ; 53:53, s. 197-207
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last decades of the 20th century, the condition of oak species throughout Europe generally deteriorated. In southern Sweden, oak decline represents a recent phenomenon with complex temporal and spatial patterns. In this region, crown defoliation of the most common oak species, pedunculate oak Quercus robur, increased by >20% from 1988 to 1999. In 1999, 59% of the oaks were considered damaged, i.e. showing >25% crown defoliation. However, a trend of improving crown conditions was observed in southeastern Sweden during 2000-2008. Available research suggests unfavorable climatic variability as the main cause of negative dynamics in oak crown conditions. Studies have demonstrated the important role of climatic extremes (e.g. cold winters during the dormant season and drought events during vegetation season) in initiating decline phenomena, and a strong correlation between crown condition dynamics and tree-ring increments. Phytophthora quercina (class Oomycetes, kingdom Chromalveolata), a soil-born pathogen of oak, is present in declining oak stands with soil pH (BaCl2) >3.5. The role of Phytophthora spp. in initiating the decline in southern Sweden remains unclear, since most oaks stands in this region have more acidic soil conditions (pH < 3.5). Similar to other European studies, our results point to the multi-factorial nature of oak decline and the importance of stand conditions in decline dynamics. This paper reviews recently published studies on the topic and presents a simple conceptual model of oak decline. We discuss future research themes that may advance our understanding of oak decline
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| 4. |
- Stanezai, S., et al.
(författare)
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Higher intensity of Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase/ ACP-1 in survivors of patients diagnosed with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) compared to non-survivors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Austin Biology. - : Austin Publishing. ; 1:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adult Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous form of hematopoietic cancer and difficult to treat. In order to find a better diagnostic indication for the disease, we analyzed Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (LMWPTP) that in humans is encoded by the ACP1 gene. LMWPTP is an enzyme shown to counteract Protein Tyrosine Kinases (PTK) and was suggested to be a negative growth factor regulator. However, the 18 kDa PTP can also have a positive effect on cell growth and proliferation, indicating a controversial role in the tumorigenic process. LMWPTP exists in different isoforms which are electrophoretically, kinetically and immunologically distinct. We have studied two subgroups of DLBCL consisting of a Germinal Center B cell like (GCB) and a non-Germinal Center B cell like (non-GCB) group. The two subgroups have been defined by gene-expressing profiling and are associated with differential outcome. The expression levels of LMWPTP protein was compared and showed significant differences between the GCB and non- GCB subgroups (p=0.012). Interestingly, when the samples were divided into survivors and non-survivors, and thereafter analyzed for LMWPTP expression, the samples from patients with a higher survival rate showed increased staining intensity, whereas the samples from patients with lower intensity of LMWPTP did not survive the disease (p=0.001). In conclusion, we have shown that DLBCL patients with worse outcome express LMWPTP with a lower intensity, suggesting a tumor suppressor role for this form of the enzyme.
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| 5. |
- Drobyshev, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of annual weather on growth of pedunculate oak in southern Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Annals of Forest Science. - : INRA, EDP Sciences. - 1286-4560 .- 1297-966X. ; 65:5, s. 512-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A network of oak (Quercus robur L.) chronologies containing 49 sites and 635 single trees was analysed to identify weather variables affecting annual tree-ring increment dynamics in southern Sweden during 1860-2000. We analysed (1) the growth response of oak to non-extreme weather, and (2) the temporal and spatial patterns of regional growth anomalies (pointer years) and associated climatic extremes resolved on a monthly scale. Growth was controlled by precipitation in the current (June-July) and the previous growing season (August) in 48% and 22% of all sites, respectively. Temperature during July of the current year and August of the previous year was negatively correlated with growth in 29% and 43% of the sites, respectively. Growth was positively correlated with temperature in October of the previous season in 72% of the sites. The most extensive growth anomaly occured in 1965 and was probably caused by intrusion of cold Artic air masses into the region at the end of March that year. During the climatically non-extreme years, oak growth is driven mostly by the dynamics of summer precipitation. Many of the negative growth anomalies, however, were associated with temperature extremes. Southern Swedish oak pointer years tend not to coincide with the pan-European pointer years.
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| 6. |
- Ouis, Pernilla, Professor, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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"I brought a hazelnut from Macedonia" : Cultural and biological diversity in a globalizing world
- 2009
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Ingår i: Transcending Boundaries. - Malmö : Malmö universitet. - 9789171040510 ; , s. 127-141
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article deals with the cultural parallelism between biological and cultural diversity as manifested in allotment garden areas in Malmö. Applying an historical perspective, we argue that the mobility of species is almost as old as human history. Whenever new species are introduced, as when cultural traits meet, differences may be welcomed and introduced in the already existing context, just as they may be shunned, hated and persecuted. Introducing new species may be an efficient way of colonizing land, as shown by Alfred W. Crosby. In an increasingly globalized world, people seem to bring with them their old plants, and they exchange varieties and species with each other. In a multicultural city like Malmö, this is practised among the many allotment gardeners from all over the world. Sometimes it enhances contact and integration, and sometimes cultural practices and species comes to symbolize difference, contact with the country of origin or even ethnic identity. The article starts with a general overview of the history of migration and migrating species. Then we introduce the reader to the ideas of biological and cultural diversity and the discursive parallels between them. After that, we present some of our empirical data from interviews with allotment gardeners of different ethnic origin all over Malmö. Finally, we critically discuss how cultural and biological diversity as sometimes different but sometimes closely connected sets of associations are used in official discourse on cultural and biological change. Malmö has a long history of multiculturalism. Already in medieval times, Malmö was a dynamic centre of fishing and trade for people from all over the Baltic region. Germans, Poles, Danes and Swedes met and handled economic, religious and political matters on the sandy beach in the growing city. Today, Malmö is one of the most multicultural cities in Sweden, which can easily be observed in parks and allotment gardens, where people of different origins engage in leisure activities or in small-scale cultivation.
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| 7. |
- Rämgård, Margareta, 1961-
(författare)
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Terapeutiska landskap i samhällsplaneringen : hållbar utveckling i praktiken
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten berör ett aktionsforskningsprojekt bland samhällsplanerare i skånska kommuner. Kommunerna har arbetat med olika case/ fall för att påvisa hur de kan skapa en långsiktig hållbarhet som främjar hälsa för kommande generationer. Forskaren har studerat processen i det arbetet. Resultatet visar att kommunernas tjänstemän arbetar med en defintion av hållbar utveckling som bevarar naturvärden, främja social inkludering över generationerna och arbeta hälsofrämjande i relation till att skapa rekreation och minska hälsofarliga miljöer. De fokuserar mer på miljöaspekter än en generell social hållbarhet och är begränsade i att tänka på mer marginaliserade grupper i samhällsplaneringen. I miljöfrågor så har de ett djupare engagemang som försätter dem i en sorts etisk stress när de måste frångå sina principer pågrund utav politiskt fattade beslut. Rapporten kritiserar det politiska besluten om att snabba upp planprocessen och påvisar att en systematiserad reflekterande dialog mellan olika yrkesfunktioner tidigt i planeringsarbete bidrar till en mer långsiktig hållbar utveckling i praktiken.
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| 8. |
- Svensson, Måns, et al.
(författare)
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Migrantarbetare inom jordbruket – arbetsmiljö och arbetsvillkor
- 2015
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- I såväl media som inom myndigheter och organisationer har det under de senaste åren i allt högre grad uppmärksammats att migrerande arbetskraft inom jordbruket/den gröna näringen eventuellt används på ett sätt som kan strida mot arbetsrättsliga och sociala regleringar.Avsikten med föreliggande studie är framförallt att sammanställa den forskning som finns avseende olika arbetslivs- och arbetsmiljöaspekter på migrantarbete inom den gröna näringen med fokus på säsongsarbete. Relevant forskning på området har sökts i olika databaser; och av en uppföljning av referenslistor i artiklar och böcker. På grund av den flerdimensionella problematiken kring migrantarbetet inom den gröna sektorn har en mångdisciplinär forskargrupp satts samman för studien. Redan på ett tidigt stadium stod det emellertid klart att det inte existerar någon mer omfattande svensk forskning på området vilket innebär att mycket av de resonemang som förs i den här skriften vilar på internationella erfarenheter.Det finns god grund i den internationella forskningen och genom intervjuer med representanter för svenska organisationer och myndigheter att anta att många migrantarbetare inom den gröna näringen i Sverige lever och arbetar under oacceptabla förhållanden - bortom rättslig kontroll och insyn. Det handlar bland annat om undermåliga bostäder och bristande hygien, ökad olycksrisk, exponering för hälsovådliga kemikalier, ergonomiska problem, risk för hot och våld, diskriminering, trakasserier, brist på stöd från samhället såsom sjukvård och rättshjälp, långa arbetstider och låg lön.Det faktum att problematiken potentiellt är svårartad gör att kunskapsbristen i Sverige blir särskilt allvarlig – ny och fördjupad forskning behövs. Dessutom torde behovet av insatser från myndigheter och organisationer vara stort.
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| 9. |
- Broadway, John, et al.
(författare)
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Fictive Places? : Oregon’s Willamette Valley Wine Appellations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Food Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal. - : Common Ground Publishing. - 2160-1933 .- 2160-1941. ; 12:1, s. 69-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Place is central to the marketing of wine. In the twentieth century, the French developed the appellation system to classify wine on the basis of its ‘terroir’—the combination of soils, climate, and topography that produce a unique wine taste, or its ‘typicity.’ The United States, recognizing the value added by such a system, established American Viticultural Areas (AVAs) in 1978. These are wine producing areas delimited on the basis of their environmental characteristics. It is argued that the AVA system is an example of fictive place making: an economic strategy that involves the recreation of places on the basis of their physical and cultural characteristics that is then used to generate economic value. This paper tests that hypothesis in the context of the Willamette Valley, analyzing the content of 162 winery websites to search for place-specific typicity and terroir narratives that would justify the creation of AVAs and the price premiums they generate. The study found that individual winery websites did not present a unified understanding of their AVA’s terroir. Defining characteristics, present in formational petitions, such as soil type and the influence of a cooling Pacific breeze, were shared between multiple AVA member websites, precluding their ability to denote geographical uniqueness. Finally, the language used to describe wine did not generate a coherent wine style within any AVA, yet a price premium exists for wine produced from grapes grown within a small AVA, making them fictive places.
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| 10. |
- Digaitis, Ramūnas, PhD, et al.
(författare)
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Targeted acetylation of wood : a tool for tuning wood-water interactions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : SPRINGER. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 28:12, s. 8009-8025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wood is an increasingly important material in the sustainable transition of societies worldwide. The performance of wood in structures is intimately tied to the presence of moisture in the material, which directly affects important characteristics such as dimensions and mechanical properties, and indirectly its susceptibility to fungal decomposition. By chemical modification, the durability of wood in outdoor environments can be improved by reducing the amount of moisture present. In this study, we refined a well-known chemical modification with acetic anhydride and showed how the spatial distribution of the modification of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) could be controlled with the aim of altering the wood-water interactions differently in different parts of the wood structure. By controlling the reaction conditions of the acetylation it was possible to acetylate only the cell wall-lumen interface, or uniformly modify the whole cell wall to different degrees. The spatial distribution of the acetylation was visualised by confocal Raman microspectroscopy. The results showed that by this targeted acetylation procedure it was possible to independently alter the wood-water interactions in and outside of cell walls. The cell wall-lumen interface modification altered the interaction between the wood and the water in cell lumina without affecting the interaction with water in cell walls while the uniform modification affected both. This opens up a novel path for studying wood-water interactions in very moist environments and how moisture distribution within the wood affects its susceptibility towards fungal decomposition.
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