| 1. |
- Ahmed, Mobyen Uddin, Dr, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Dilemmas in designing e-learning experiences for professionals
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the European Conference on e-Learning, ECEL. ; , s. 10-17
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this research are to enhance industry-university collaboration and to design learning experiences connecting the research front to practitioners. We present an empirical study with a qualitative approach involving teachers who gathered data from newly developed advanced level courses in artificial intelligence, energy, environmental, and systems engineering. The study is part of FutureE, an academic development project over 3 years involving 12 courses. The project, as well as this study, is part of a cross-disciplinary collaboration effort. Empirical data comes from course evaluations, course analysis, teacher workshops, and semi-structured interviews with selected students, who are also professionals. This paper will discuss course design and course implementation by presenting dilemmas and paradoxes. Flexibility is key for the completion of studies while working. Academia needs to develop new ways to offer flexible education for students from a professional context, but still fulfil high quality standards and regulations as an academic institution. Student-to-student interactions are often suggested as necessary for qualified learning, and students support this idea but will often not commit to it during courses. Other dilemmas are micro-sized learning versus vast knowledge, flexibility versus deadlines as motivating factors, and feedback hunger versus hesitation to share work. Furthermore, we present the challenges of providing equivalent online experience to practical in-person labs. On a structural level, dilemmas appear in the communication between university management and teachers. These dilemmas are often the result of a culture designed for traditional campus education. We suggest a user-oriented approach to solve these dilemmas, which involves changes in teacher roles, culture, and processes. The findings will be relevant for teachers designing and running courses aiming to attract professionals. They will also be relevant for university management, building a strategy for lifelong e-learning based on co-creation with industry.
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| 2. |
- Axelsson, Jakob
(författare)
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A refined terminology on system-of-systems substructure and constituent system states
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering, SoSE 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728104577 ; , s. 31-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the field of systems-of-systems (SoS) engineering, there is broad agreement on a few characterizations, and these are currently being standardized. However, many aspects in the field still lack an established terminology. In particular, there are unclarities related to the internal structure of an SoS, and on the internal states of constituent systems. In this paper, a refined terminology is therefore proposed, which covers the internal substructure of an SoS; the states of constituent systems in relation to those substructures; and how it relates to hierarchical levels. This terminology can also be used to classify the characteristics of an SoS through different metrics. The terminology is illustrated through three examples of SoS applications in various domains. © 2019 IEEE.
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| 3. |
- Axelsson, Jakob
(författare)
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A systematic mapping of the research literature on system-of-systems engineering
- 2015. - 6
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Ingår i: 2015 10th System of Systems Engineering Conference (SoSE). - 9781479976119 ; , s. 18-23
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research area systems-of-systems engineering has increased rapidly over the last decade and now contains a substantial body of literature. To get an overview of the field, a systematic mapping of the literature has been done, covering over 3000 papers. It revealed a field massively dominated by US researchers, with an emphasis on military and space systems. A large number of people are involved, but few researchers focus on the area, and citations are fairly low compared to other fields. Important research topics include architecture, modeling and simulation, integration and interoperability, communication, sustainability, and safety and security. There are signs of immaturity within the research area, and it is recommended that existing venues are complemented with an international scientific event with very high standards for submissions.
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| 4. |
- Axelsson, Jakob
(författare)
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A Transformation-Based Model of Evolutionary Architecting for Embedded System Product Lines
- 2010
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - Oslo. ; , s. 113-117
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many industries, embedded software plays an increasingly important role in defining the characteristics of the products. Often, a product line approach is used, and the system architecture is developed through evolution rather than being redone from scratch for each product. In this paper, we present a model of such an evolutionary process based on architecture transformations. The model attempts to give an accurate description of how real architects actually work. Key elements of the approach are how the transformations interact with consistency constraints and with feasibility in terms of resource limitations. The work is based on findings from previous case studies in the automotive industry. The model can be used to enhance our understanding of the architecting process, and to find ways to improve it.
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| 5. |
- Axelsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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An analysis of systems-of-systems opportunities and challenges related to mobility in smart cities
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 13th System of Systems Engineering Conference, SoSE 2018. - 9781538648766 ; , s. 132-137
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization is one of the major current trends in society. Cities around the world are looking into 'smart' solutions based on information and communication technology to deal with the challenges that result from this development. Mobility is one of the most important areas to address, and system-of-systems solutions where vehicles and infrastructure are connected have a potential to improve urban transportation in many aspects. In this paper, current initiatives related to mobility in smart cities around the world are surveyed, and this is complemented with input from focus groups of transportation stakeholders to identify the important aspects of the problem. Based on this, challenges related to the application of systems-ofsystems in urban mobility are identified.
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Jakob
(författare)
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An initial analysis of operational emergent properties in a platooning system-of-systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 Annual IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781538636640
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As systems-of-systems start to be more common in commercial applications, an analysis of emergent properties related to utility and cost for all stakeholders becomes critical. This paper describes an approach for this based on network simulation and game theory, which is applied to truck highway platooning. The emergent properties of energy efficiency and transport efficiency are studied as a consequence of the strategies for platoon formation, and it is shown that having information about the route planning of other vehicles has a significant positive effect on the properties. This indicates the need for a mediator in the platooning system-of-systems architecture. Its role is to communicate plans of the constituent systems.
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Jakob
(författare)
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Applying Design for Six Sigma to the Concept Development of an Automotive HMI
- 2008
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Ingår i: SAE World Congress, paper No. 2008-01-0353, Detroit, Michigan. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Six Sigma is a development methodology whichemphasizes objective evaluations based on facts andmeasurements. However, for some problems theinformation is inherently subjective, with large individualvariations. Also, in the early development phases, it maybe difficult to define measurable metrics that correctlycapture the important qualities. The vehicle HMI is agood example of such an application. In this paper, wepresent experiences of applying Design for Six Sigmamethods to the early development phases of anautomotive HMI. The focus of the paper is on how tohandle uncertainties and vague subjective information.
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Architecting systems-of-systems and their constituents : A case study applying Industry 4.0 in the construction domain
- 2019
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Ingår i: Systems Engineering. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc.. - 1098-1241 .- 1520-6858. ; 22:6, s. 455-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of system-of-systems (SoS) requires a continuous interplay between design decisions on the SoS level and those on the level of its constituent systems (CS), which often preexist and need to be adapted as the SoS evolves. This involves not only preparing the CS to participate in a particular SoS, but also designing the CS architecture to make it easily adaptable to a future SoS context. The problem is in part addressed in an emerging SoS framework in the manufacturing domain called Industry 4.0. It focuses on connected and digitalized production with the ambition of increasing flexibility and efficiency. This paper investigates how Industry 4.0 standards can be used in an SoS context to make CS more flexible and adaptive, and evaluates their usefulness outside manufacturing. The study is based on a case from the construction domain, for which a generic SoS architecture is developed. Several extensions and adaptations of Industry 4.0 are suggested, including specifications of ontologies for missions and workflows. © 2019 The Authors.
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| 9. |
- Axelsson, Jakob
(författare)
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Architectural Allocation Alternatives and Associated Concerns in Cyber-Physical Systems : A Case Study
- 2015. - 9
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2015 European Conference on Software Architecture Workshops (ECSAW '15). - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450333931
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyber-physical systems is an extension of traditional embedded systems, where communication to the outside world is given more emphasis. This leads to a new design space also for software development, allowing new allocation strategies for functionality. In traditional embedded systems, all functionality was inside the product, but now it becomes possible to partition the software between the embedded systems and IT systems outside the product. This paper investigates, through a case study from the automotive domain, possible new allocation alternatives where computation is offloaded from the embedded system to a server, and what additional architectural concerns this leads to, including performance, resource utilization, robustness, and lifecycle aspects. In addition, the paper addresses new opportunities created by allocating functionality outside the embedded systems, and thus making data available for extended services, as well as the larger concerns that result on the organizational level, including new competency in architecture and DevOps.
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| 10. |
- Axelsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Architectural Concepts for Federated Embedded Systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450327787
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Federated embedded systems (FES) is an approach for systems-of-systems engineering in the domain of cyber-physical systems. It is based on the idea to allow dynamic addition of plug-in software in the embedded system of a product, and through communication between the plug-ins in different products, it becomes possible to build services on the level of a federation of products. In this paper, architectural concerns for FES are elicited, and are used as rationale for a number of decisions in the architecture of products that are enabled for FES, as well as in the application architecture of a federation. A concrete implementation of a FES from the automotive domain is also described, as a validation of the architectural concepts presented.
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