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- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Dissatisfied citizens : an asset or a burden in democratic functioning of a society?
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Past research has shown that, whereas the majority of people in democracies support the idea of democracy as a form of governance, some citizens are dissatisfied with the democratic institutions and the way democracy performs. In this paper, we examined democratic characteristics of dissatisfied youths to understand the role they play in the democratic functioning of a society. Based on youth’s dissatisfaction with the performance of political institutions and the principles of democracy, we identified four groups distinct of citizens. Then, we compared these groups in terms of their political engagement, knowledge and interest, values and attitudes, and law breaking attitudes. The results showed that youths with high levels of principle- and performance-driven dissatisfaction were less likely to participate in politics, less knowledgeable and interested in political issues, and more likely to break the laws, even if people got hurt compared to other three groups. In contrast, youths who were only dissatisfied with the performance of democratic institutions were more likely to participate in politics, and have higher humanistic values and tolerance towards immigrants. By examining distinct groups of dissatisfied citizens and their democratic characteristics, the current study contributes to the general debate on the role of dissatisfied citizens in democracies.
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| 3. |
- Addison, Tony, et al.
(författare)
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Revenue mobilization in aid-dependent countries : current and future challenges
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The recent financial crisis and other climate related shocks pose important challenges to fiscal policies in a number of developing countries. The best way for developing countries to respond to the tax challenges are essentially to broaden tax bases, reduce rates and improve tax administration. But equally important, the focus has also to be on economic policies that accelerate growth and expand the tax base. In many developing countries, poor public service delivery, financed with existing revenue, creates dissatisfied citizens which are unwilling to pay taxes. A legitimate and responsive state one that secures the rule of law and keeps corruption under control is important for better mobilisation of tax revenue. With regard to the mix of tax instruments trade taxes will continue to reduce its significance as an important source of revenue. This suggests that indirect taxes such as VAT and direct taxes will be of significant importance in the future. Many developing countries have very narrow tax bases, with large number of exemptions, often designed to protect the interests of powerful groups. In these circumstances broadening the base can have the advantages of raising revenue, improving economic efficiency and achieving greater redistribution. Over the long-term taxation can reduce developing countries’ dependence upon aid and increase its ownership of the development agenda and become accountable to its citizens. This would also reinforce the social contract between state, citizens and the private sector which was how efficient institutions evolved in the developed world.
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| 5. |
- Adestam, Johan, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Nytt prejudikat om tidpunkten för uppkomsten av en förpliktelse att ersätta rättegångskostnader vid tillämpning av medansvarsreglerna i 25 kap. ABL
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- De senaste åren har det kommit många prejudikat rörande medansvar vid kritisk kapitalbrist i 25 kap. aktiebolagslagen (ABL). I ett nytt prejudikat klargör Högsta domstolen när ett aktiebolags förpliktelse att lämna ersättning för rättegångskostnader ska anses ha uppkommit vid tillämpning av 25 kap. 18 § ABL. Trots den ofta upprepade utgångspunkten att reglernas ändamål är att verka handlingsdirigerande genom att medansvaret verkar som ett påtryckningsmedel för styrelseledamöterna har det delvis varit oklart vilken betydelse detta haft för utgången i tidigare fall. Det nya prejudikatet klarlägger och kompletterar bilden genom att även lägga vikt vid reglernas funktion av att skydda enskilda borgenärer mot riskökningar. Prejudikatet analyseras av jur. dr Johan Adestam, lektor i rättsvetenskap och jur. dr och docent Niklas Arvidsson.
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| 7. |
- Afanasyev, Ilya, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Blockchain-based Multi-Agent Robotic Systems : Analysis, Classification and Applications
- 2019
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Decentralization, immutability and transparency make of Blockchain one of the most innovative technology of recent years. This paper presents an overview of solutions based on Blockchain technology for multi-agent robotic systems, and provide an analysis and classification of this emerging field. The reasons for implementing Blockchain in a multi-robot network may be to increase the interaction efficiency between agents by providing more trusted information exchange, reaching a consensus in trustless conditions, assessing robot productivity or detecting performance problems, identifying intruders, allocating plans and tasks, deploying distributed solutions and joint missions. Blockchain-based applications are discussed to demonstrate how distributed ledger can be used to extend the number of research platforms and libraries for multi-agent robotic systems.
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| 8. |
- Afanasyev, Ilya, et al.
(författare)
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Towards the Internet of Robotic Things : Analysis, Architecture, Components and Challenges
- 2019
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) and robotics cannot be considered two separate domains these days. Internet of Robotics Things (IoRT) is a concept that has been recently introduced to describe the integration of robotics technologies in IoT scenarios. As a consequence, these two research fields have started interacting, and thus linking research communities. In this paper we intend to make further steps in joining the two communities and broaden the discussion on the development of this interdisciplinary field. The paper provides an overview, analysis and challenges of possible solutions for the Internet of Robotic Things, discussing the issues of the IoRT architecture, the integration of smart spaces and robotic applications.
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| 9. |
- Agarwal, Natasha, et al.
(författare)
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Getting more out of India's 'Tourist Visa on Arrival' scheme
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The Government of India has extended the ‘Tourist Visa on Arrival’ scheme - now expected to be renamed 'Visa Online (ETA)' scheme - from five countries in 2010 to 44 countries in 2014. In this article, Natasha Agarwal and Magnus Lodefalk highlight some of the limitations in the design and implementation of the scheme, and make recommendations for maximising its economic benefit and effectiveness.
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