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Sökning: LAR1:slu > Angeler David

  • Resultat 1-10 av 157
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1.
  • Agné, Hans, et al. (författare)
  • Introducing the Sounds of Data to the Study of Politics : A Choir of Global Legitimacy Crises
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: New Political Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0739-3148 .- 1469-9931. ; 42:3, s. 272-288
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article introduces an innovative method to describe data with sounds in political science. The method, known in ecology, physics, and musicology as sonification, operates by linking sound signals to quantifiable observations. We us it to compose a choir of legitimacy crises in global governance from 1994 to 2014, and to negotiate a familiar divide in research on how legitimacy should be measured. Scholars predominantly prefer one of two approaches to measure legitimacy quantitatively, either looking at political trust or public contestation of political institutions. We illustrate the usefulness of sonification to subsume both positions in this divide. More generally, we argue that sonification can enhance public communication of scientific results and extract meanings from observations that go unnoticed in visual and verbal representations, in particular with relevance to describing time series data on anything from the spread of pandemics to violent conflicts and economic inequalities.
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2.
  • Allen, Craig R., et al. (författare)
  • Quantifying spatial resilience
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Applied Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0021-8901 .- 1365-2664. ; 53:3, s. 625-635
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • 1. Anthropogenic stressors affect the ecosystems upon which humanity relies. In some cases when resilience is exceeded, relatively small linear changes in stressors can cause relatively abrupt and nonlinear changes in ecosystems. 2. Ecological regime shifts occur when resilience is exceeded and ecosystems enter a new local equilibrium that differs in its structure and function from the previous state. Ecological resilience, the amount of disturbance that a system can withstand before it shifts into an alternative stability domain, is an important framework for understanding and managing ecological systems subject to collapse and reorganization. 3. Recently, interest in the influence of spatial characteristics of landscapes on resilience has increased. Understanding how spatial structure and variation in relevant variables in landscapes affects resilience to disturbance will assist with resilience quantification, and with local and regional management. 4. Synthesis and applications. We review the history and current status of spatial resilience in the research literature, expand upon existing literature to develop a more operational definition of spatial resilience, introduce additional elements of a spatial analytical approach to understanding resilience, present a framework for resilience operationalization and provide an overview of critical knowledge and technology gaps that should be addressed for the advancement of spatial resilience theory and its applications to management and conservation.
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3.
  • Angeler, David, et al. (författare)
  • A comparative analysis reveals weak relationships between ecological factors and beta diversity of stream insect metacommunities at two spatial levels
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 5, s. 1235-1248
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The hypotheses that beta diversity should increase with decreasing latitude and increase with spatial extent of a region have rarely been tested based on a comparative analysis of multiple datasets, and no such study has focused on stream insects. We first assessed how well variability in beta diversity of stream insect metacommunities is predicted by insect group, latitude, spatial extent, altitudinal range, and dataset properties across multiple drainage basins throughout the world. Second, we assessed the relative roles of environmental and spatial factors in driving variation in assemblage composition within each drainage basin. Our analyses were based on a dataset of 95 stream insect metacommunities from 31 drainage basins distributed around the world. We used dissimilarity-based indices to quantify beta diversity for each metacommunity and, subsequently, regressed beta diversity on insect group, latitude, spatial extent, altitudinal range, and dataset properties (e.g., number of sites and percentage of presences). Within each metacommunity, we used a combination of spatial eigenfunction analyses and partial redundancy analysis to partition variation in assemblage structure into environmental, shared, spatial, and unexplained fractions. We found that dataset properties were more important predictors of beta diversity than ecological and geographical factors across multiple drainage basins. In the within-basin analyses, environmental and spatial variables were generally poor predictors of variation in assemblage composition. Our results revealed deviation from general biodiversity patterns because beta diversity did not show the expected decreasing trend with latitude. Our results also call for reconsideration of just how predictable stream assemblages are along ecological gradients, with implications for environmental assessment and conservation decisions. Our findings may also be applicable to other dynamic systems where predictability is low.
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4.
  • Angeler, David (författare)
  • A method to detect discontinuities in census data
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 8, s. 9614-9623
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The distribution of pattern across scales has predictive power in the analysis of complex systems. Discontinuity approaches remain a fruitful avenue of research in the quest for quantitative measures of resilience because discontinuity analysis provides an objective means of identifying scales in complex systems and facilitates delineation of hierarchical patterns in processes, structure, and resources. However, current discontinuity methods have been considered too subjective, too complicated and opaque, or have become computationally obsolete; given the ubiquity of discontinuities in ecological and other complex systems, a simple and transparent method for detection is needed. In this study, we present a method to detect discontinuities in census data based on resampling of a neutral model and provide the R code used to run the analyses. This method has the potential for advancing basic and applied ecological research.
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5.
  • Angeler, David (författare)
  • A worldwide view of organic carbon export from catchments
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 107, s. 275–293-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Growing interest in the effects of global change on the metabolism, stoichiometry and cycling of carbon in aquatic ecosystems has motivated research on the export of organic carbon (OCE) from catchments. In this article, quantitative and functional features of the annual export rates of total, particulate and dissolved organic carbon (TOC, POC and DOC) were reviewed, and the stoichiometry of export (OC:N, OC:P and N:P) from 550 catchments worldwide was reported. TOC export ranged 2.1-92,474 kg C km(-2) year(-1), POC export ranged 0.4-73,979 kg C km(-2) year(-1) and DOC export ranged 1.2-56,946 kg C km(-2) year(-1). Exports of TOC and DOC were strongly linked, but POC export was unrelated to DOC. The DOC fraction comprised on average 73 +/- A 21% of TOC export. The export rates of organic carbon were poorly related to those of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Discrete and continuous environmental variables failed to predict TOC export, but DOC export was influenced by discharge and catchment area worldwide. Models of OCE in different catchment types were controlled by different environmental variables; hydrological variables were generally better predictors of OCE than anthropogenic and soil variables. Elemental ratios of carbon export in most catchments were above the Redfield ratio, suggesting that phosphorus may become the limiting nutrient for downstream plant growth. These ratios were marginally related to environmental data. More detailed hydrological data, consideration of in-stream processes and the use of quasi-empirical dynamical models are advocated to improve our knowledge of OCE rates and those of other nutrients.
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6.
  • Angeler, David (författare)
  • Abiotic drivers of consumer foodweb structure in lakes
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Freshwater Science. - : University of Chicago Press. - 2161-9549 .- 2161-9565. ; 37, s. 404-416
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effects of the combined roles of abiotic and biotic factors defining foodweb structure are often ignored. In aquatic systems, abiotic variables can regulate food webs through bottom-up effects, but abiotic settings also can have indirect effects on aquatic food webs that are mediated through shifts in the magnitudes of top-down and bottom-up effects. We used link-and-chain properties (LCP) and stable-isotope community metrics (SIM) to assess the trophic structure of consumers in 10 world lakes. Our goal was to identify the key abiotic variables driving these metrics through multivariate regression trees (MRTs). Food-chain length in the lakes did not depend on any LCP metric and was controlled mainly by resource availability and foraging biology of top generalist (omnivore) species. Variances explained by abiotic variables used in MRT models on LCP and SIM were high (71-74%) and showed that altitude, followed by water temperature, was the main factor of dissimilarity among lake food webs. This result implies that abiotic variables other than those related to water quality were accountable for some variance of the lake foodweb structure. MRT results showed that these abiotic variables exerted a common pattern of influence among foodweb size and trophic redundancy in food webs of lakes. The physical environment was the main driver of abiotic variables on trophic structure in pristine lakes, whereas effects of water quality (which include most human effects) were restricted to lakes at the lower part of river basins.
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7.
  • Angeler, David (författare)
  • Adaptation, Transformation and Resilience in Healthcare; Comment on "Government Actions and Their Relation to Resilience in Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New South Wales, Australia and Ontario, Canada"
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Health Policy and Management. - : Maad Rayan Publishing Company. - 2322-5939. ; 11, s. 1949-1952
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Adaptive capacity is a critical component of building resilience in healthcare. Adaptive capacity comprises the ability of a system to cope with and adapt to disturbances. However, "shocks", such as the current Covid-19 pandemic, can potentially exceed critical adaptation thresholds and lead to systemic collapse. To effectively manage healthcare systems during periods of crises, both adaptive and transformative changes are necessary. This commentary discusses adaptation and transformation as two complementary, integral components of resilience and applies them to healthcare. We treat resilience as an emergent property of complex systems that accounts for multiple, often disparately distinct regimes in which multiple processes (e.g., adaptation, recovery) are subsumed and operate. We argue that Convergence Mental Health and other transdisciplinary paradigms such as Brain Capital and One Health can facilitate resilience planning and management in healthcare systems.
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8.
  • Angeler, David, et al. (författare)
  • Adaptive capacity in ecosystems
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Advances in Ecological Research. - : Elsevier. - 0065-2504. ; 60, s. 1-24
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Understanding the capacity of ecosystems to adapt and to cope (i.e. adaptive capacity) with change is crucial to their management. However, definitions of adaptive capacity are often unclear and confusing, making application of this concept difficult. In this paper, we revisit definitions of adaptive capacity and operationalize the concept. We define adaptive capacity as the latent potential of an ecosystem to alter resilience in response to change. We present testable hypotheses to evaluate complementary attributes of adaptive capacity that may help further clarify the components and relevance of the concept. We suggest how sampling, inference and modelling can reduce key uncertainties incrementally over time and increase learning about adaptive capacity. Improved quantitative assessments of adaptive capacity are needed because of the high uncertainty about global change and its potential effect on the capacity of ecosystems to adapt to social and ecological change. An improved understanding of adaptive capacity might ultimately allow for more efficient and targeted management.
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9.
  • Angeler, David (författare)
  • Adaptive invasive species distribution models: a framework for modeling incipient invasions
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Biological Invasions. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1387-3547 .- 1573-1464. ; 17, s. 2831-2850
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The utilization of species distribution model(s) (SDM) for approximating, explaining, and predicting changes in species' geographic locations is increasingly promoted for proactive ecological management. Although frameworks for modeling non-invasive species distributions are relatively well developed, their counterparts for invasive species-which may not be at equilibrium within recipient environments and often exhibit rapid transformations-are lacking. Additionally, adaptive ecological management strategies address the causes and effects of biological invasions and other complex issues in social-ecological systems. We conducted a review of biological invasions, species distribution models, and adaptive practices in ecological management, and developed a framework for adaptive, niche-based, invasive species distribution model (iSDM) development and utilization. This iterative, 10-step framework promotes consistency and transparency in iSDM development, allows for changes in invasive drivers and filters, integrates mechanistic and correlative modeling techniques, balances the avoidance of type 1 and type 2 errors in predictions, encourages the linking of monitoring and management actions, and facilitates incremental improvements in models and management across space, time, and institutional boundaries. These improvements are useful for advancing coordinated invasive species modeling, management and monitoring from local scales to the regional, continental and global scales at which biological invasions occur and harm native ecosystems and economies, as well as for anticipating and responding to biological invasions under continuing global change.
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10.
  • Angeler, David (författare)
  • Adaptive management for soil ecosystem services
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 183, s. 371-378
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ecosystem services provided by soil include regulation of the atmosphere and climate, primary (including agricultural) production, waste processing, decomposition, nutrient conservation, water purification, erosion control, medical resources, pest control, and disease mitigation. The simultaneous production of these multiple services arises from complex interactions among diverse aboveground and belowground communities across multiple scales. When a system is mismanaged, non-linear and persistent losses in ecosystem services can arise. Adaptive management is an approach to management designed to reduce uncertainty as management proceeds. By developing alternative hypotheses, testing these hypotheses and adjusting management in response to outcomes, managers can probe dynamic mechanistic relationships among aboveground and belowground soil system components. In doing so, soil ecosystem services can be preserved and critical ecological thresholds avoided. Here, we present an adaptive management framework designed to reduce uncertainty surrounding the soil system, even when soil ecosystem services production is not the explicit management objective, so that managers can reach their management goals without undermining soil multifunctionality or contributing to an irreversible loss of soil ecosystem services. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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