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- Galián Barrueco, Carmen, et al.
(författare)
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Studiemedvetenhet och måluppfyllelse
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studiemedvetenhet handlar bland annat om vilken typ av färdigheter och förmågor som värdesätts i det svenska skolsystemet, om vilka rättigheter och skyldigheter man har som elev har vad gäller ansvar, delaktighet med mera. Studiemedvetenhet handlar också om att kunna reflektera över sitt eget lärande, om att få en klarare uppfattning om hur den egna arbetsinsatsen är relaterad till studieresultaten, om lärandestrategier och studieteknik, och om att självständigt kunna driva sitt lärande framåt. Intensivsvenskas särskilda satsning på en ökad studiemedvetenhet hos eleverna är sprungen ur konkreta utmaningar som lärarna har identifierat. Satsningen har skett dels genom de strukturella insatserna vad gäller ämnesplaneringar, moduler och schema, dels genom riktade insatser i form av en studiekalender och ett antal aktiviteter kopplade till den. Utvärderingar med elever och lärare visar till exempel att studiekalendern var elevernas viktigaste verktyg för att arbeta med studieteknik och att lärarna upplevde att studiekalendern hade gjort undervisningen tydligare, mer systematisk och strukturerad. Om detta och om utgångspunkterna för satsningen rapporteras i denna skrift.
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- Hallonsten Halling, Pernilla, 1984-
(författare)
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Adverbs : A typological study of a disputed category
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The notion adverb is often treated as encompassing leftover items in a class that shows little consistency both within and across languages. Adverbs are less frequent than other parts of speech cross-linguistically, they seldom inflect, and they are rarely used as a source for derivation to other categories.This dissertation focuses on adverbs that denote properties and that can be used as modifiers within predicating expressions. The adverbs in this group are roughly equivalent to the traditional manner adverbs (She walked slowly). In their role as modifiers, these adverbs are parallel to attributive adjectives, which also denote properties, and are modifiers in referring expressions (a slow train). Adjectives often also occur in the predicative function (The train is slow). This study compares adverbs to attributive and predicative adjectives in a sample of 60 genealogically diverse languages from around the world. Simple adverbs are attested in the majority of these languages, including in some languages that do not have simple adjectives. The comparison with attributive and predicative adjectives is carried out at three levels of encoding: the root, the lexeme, and the construction. The analysis shows that a great majority of languages have the same root encoding for adverbs, attributive adjectives, and predicative adjectives. Many languages have a class of lexemes that are used in the functions of both adverbs and attributive adjectives, here called general modifiers. On the construction level, where constructions are analyzed in their entirety, important encoding similarities between adverbs and predicative adjectives are unraveled. In a few languages, adverbs and attributive adjectives are encoded by the same or similar constructions.The attested simple adverbs and general modifiers both fall into certain characteristic semantic types. For simple adverbs, a core type is SPEED, which is found among the adverbs of most sample languages. The types VALUE, CARE, and NOISE are also found among the simple adverbs of several languages. For general modifiers, VALUE appears as a core type. These semantic types are further attested in tendencies of adverb lexicalization and in adverbial affixation across languages. This dissertation shows that adverbs constitute a cross-linguistically prototypical part of speech, although they differ in many ways from other categories. The basis for this class, just as for adjectives, is the presence of simple lexemes that tend to have similar semantics in unrelated and geographically distant languages. Adverbs are thus conceptually no less basic than adjectives.
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- Heldner, Mattias, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Pride and prominence
- 2021
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Ingår i: Working Papers in Linguistics. ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Given the importance of the entire voice source in prominence expression, this paper aims to explore whether the word accent distinction can be defined by the voice quality dynamics moving beyond the tonal movements.To this end, a list of word accent pairs in Central Swedish were recorded and analysed based on a set of acoustic features extracted from the accelerometer signal. The results indicate that the tonal movements are indeed accompanied by the voice quality dynamics such as intensity, periodicity, harmonic richness and spectral tilt, and suggest that these parameters might contribute to the perception of one vs. two peaks associated with the word accent distinction in this regional variant of Swedish. These results, although based on limited data, are of crucial importance for the designation of voice quality variation as a prosodic feature per se.
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- Hellberg, Staffan, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Sjutton studier : Valda artiklar om fonologi, grammatik, semantik, text och språkhistoria
- 2017
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Artiklarna behandlar vitt skilda ämnen: ljudförändringar, perspektiv i skönlitteratur, substantivböjning, dialogicitet och dolda konflikter i myndighetstext, adjektivens grundläggande betydelser, ordet vikings historia, svenskans sätt att uttrycka uppmaningar och åtskilligt annat. Genomgående kännetecknas de av att omsorgsfull empirisk kartläggning förenas med djupgående diskussion av modeller och teorier. För den som vill förstå hur en modern lingvist arbetar vetenskapligt med svenskt och nordiskt språk finns här mycket att läsa och lära.
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- Johansson, Annika, 1967-
(författare)
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Nederländskans komen och svenskans komma : En kontrastiv undersökning
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to give a detailed analysis of the Dutch verb komen ‘come’ and the Swedish verb komma ‘come’ based on a systematic comparison. Focus has been placed on grammatical polysemy and the study is written within the framework of cognitive linguistics. Both verbs can be defined as corresponding to a complex category consisting of a prototypical meaning and other meanings which can be central or peripheral in relation to the prototype.Two monolingual corpora consisting of newspaper texts were used as sources of data: INL 27 Miljoen Woorden Krantencorpus 1995 and Press 95, 96, 97 Concordances in Göteborg University’s Bank of Swedish. A sample of 1,490 tokens of komen and 1,518 tokens of komma was taken from the two corpora. When analyzing the two verbs and their context the following ten variables were taken into consideration: 1) physical movement, 2) animate or inanimate subject, 3) adverbial, 4) future reference 5) bounded or unbounded aktionsart, 6) ingressive meaning, 7) accidentality, 8) infinitive marker, 9) predictive and/or intentional meaning, and 10) causativity.The results indicate that komen and komma have the same prototypical meaning. However, the semantic extensions from the prototype differ between the two verbs. If we consider the two verbs in a network, the meanings of komen and komma occupy different positions relative to the prototype. On the one hand, when Dutch komen is a copulative verb and/or occurs in lexicalized verb phrases, the resultative meaning is more central, while the aspectual meaning is peripheral. On the other hand, the temporal meaning of Swedish komma, as a future auxiliary verb, holds a more central position than the resultative meaning which is more peripheral. Nevertheless, Dutch komen, which is not considered a future auxiliary verb, but is rather an aspectual auxiliary verb shows similarities in the present tense (komen te + V2) with the Swedish kommer att construction (a true future auxiliary verb). That is, Dutch komen can have clear future reference, but in a limited context. Whereas Dutch komen is categorized as a copulative verb, the Swedish komma is not considered a copulative verb. Nevertheless, it is clear from the corpus that Swedish komma has a copula-like function, but in a limited context. Finally, it has become clear that komen and komma have undergone somewhat different grammaticalization processes even though both verbs contain similar meanings.
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- Karlander, David, 1987-
(författare)
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Authentic Language : Övdalsk, metapragmatic exchange and the margins of Sweden’s linguistic market
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This compilation thesis engages with practices that in some way place stakes in the social existence of Övdalsk (also älvdalska, Elfdalian, Övdalian), a marginal form of Scandinavian used mainly in Sweden’s Älvdalen municipality. The practices at hand range from early 20th century descriptive dialectology and contemporary lay-linguistics to language advocacy and language political debate. The four studies focus on the logic by which such practices operate, on the historically produced visions that they bring into play, as well as on the symbolic effects that they have produced. Study I provides a zoomed-out account of the ordering of Övdalsk in Sweden’s linguistic market. Focusing on a relatively recent debate over the institutional regimentation of Övdalsk, it analyses the forms of agreement upon which the exchange in question has come to rest. The contention has mainly developed over the classification of Övdalsk, percolating in the question of whether Övdalsk ‘is’ a ‘language’ or a ‘dialect’. Analysing this debate, the study takes interest in the relationship between state power and metapragmatic exchange. Study II deals with the history of linguistic thought and research on Övdalsk. It analyses the genesis of some durable visions of the relationship between Övdalsk and linguistic authenticity, focusing on the research practice of the Swedish dialectologist Lars Levander (1883–1950), whose work on Övdalsk commands representative authority to this day. By engaging with Levander’s techniques of scholarly objectivation, as well as with their language theoretical fundaments, the study seeks to create some perspectives on, and distance to, the canonical representations of Övdalsk that have precipitated from Levander’s research. Study III looks into the reuse and reordering of such representations. It provides an ethnographic account of a metapragmatically saturated exchange over Övdalsk grammar, in which descriptivist artefacts play an important part. Through an analysis of texts, in situ interaction, and interviews, the study seeks to grasp the ways in which textual renditions of grammar interrelate with practically sustained, socially recognized models of language and language use (i.e. registers). Study IV tracks the ways in which such visions of authenticity have been drawn into institutionally and politically invested metapragmatic exchanges. It looks into a process of naming of roads in Älvdalen, in which ideas about the contrast between Swedish and Övdalsk played a central part. In all studies, various visions of Övdalsk authenticity and authentic Övdalsk constitute a central theme. The thesis maintains that such visions must be understood in relation to the practices in which they hold currency. Following Silverstein, this epistemological stance entails an engagement with the dialectic between historical formations and situated exchange. Through this analytical orientation, the studies seek to account for the visions of authenticity that have been at the forefront of various symbolic struggles over Övdalsk. Thus, in addition to their respective analytical accounts, the separate studies seek to add shifting temporal horizons to the superordinate heuristic, combining a deep historical backdrop with accounts of protracted institutional processes and analyses of situated linguistic interaction. Ultimately, this mode of analysis provides an in-depth understanding of the object of inquiry.
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