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Sökning: LAR1:umu > Stockholms universitet

  • Resultat 1-10 av 1113
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2.
  • Adranno, Brando, et al. (författare)
  • Broadband white-light-emitting electrochemical cells
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Advanced Photonics Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2699-9293. ; 4:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Emerging organic light-emitting devices, such as light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), offer a multitude of advantages but currently suffer from that most efficient phosphorescent emitters are based on expensive and rare metals. Herein, it is demonstrated that a rare metal-free salt, bis(benzyltriphenylphosphonium)tetrabromidomanganate(II) ([Ph3PBn]2[MnBr4]), can function as the phosphorescent emitter in an LEC, and that a careful device design results in the fact that such a rare metal-free phosphorescent LEC delivers broadband white emission with a high color rendering index (CRI) of 89. It is further shown that broadband emission is effectuated by an electric-field-driven structural transformation of the original green-light emitter structure into a red-emitting structure.
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3.
  • Adranno, Brando, et al. (författare)
  • The 8-hydroxyquinolinium cation as a lead structure for efficient color-tunable ionic small molecule emitting materials
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Advanced Photonics Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2699-9293. ; 4:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Albeit tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (Alq3) and its derivatives are prominent emitter materials for organic lighting devices, and the optical transitions occur among ligand-centered states, the use of metal-free 8-hydroxyquinoline is impractical as it suffers from strong nonradiative quenching, mainly through fast proton transfer. Herein, it is shown that the problem of rapid proton exchange and vibration quenching of light emission can be overcome not only by complexation, but also by organization of the 8-hydroxyquinolinium cations into a solid rigid network with appropriate counter-anions (here bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide). The resulting structure is stiffened by secondary bonding interactions such as pi-stacking and hydrogen bonds, which efficiently block rapid proton transfer quenching and reduce vibrational deactivation. Additionally, the optical properties are tuned through methyl substitution from deep blue (455 nm) to blue-green (488 nm). Time-dependent density functional theory (TDFT) calculations reveal the emission to occur from which an unexpectedly long-lived S-1 level, unusual for organic fluorophores. All compounds show comparable, even superior photoluminescence compared to Alq3 and related materials, both as solids and thin films with quantum yields (QYs) up to 40-50%. In addition, all compounds show appreciable thermal stability with decomposition temperatures above 310 °C.
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4.
  • Aeppli, Christoph, et al. (författare)
  • Use of Cl and C Isotopic Fractionation to Identify Degradation and Sources of Polychlorinated Phenols : Mechanistic Study and Field Application
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 47:2, s. 790-797
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The widespread use of chlorinated phenols (CPs) as a wood preservative has led to numerous contaminated sawmill sites. However, it remains challenging to assess the extent of in situ degradation of CPs. We evaluated the use of compound-specific chlorine and carbon isotope analysis (Cl- and C-CSLA) to assess CP biotransformation. In a laboratory system, we measured isotopic fractionation during oxidative 2,4,6-trichlorophenol dechlorination by representative soil enzymes (C. fumago chloroperoxidase, horseradish peroxidase, and laccase from T. versicolor). Using a mathematical model, the validity of the Rayleigh approach to evaluate apparent kinetic isotope effects (AKIE) was confirmed. A small but significant Cl-AKIE of 1.0022 +/- 0.0006 was observed for all three enzymes, consistent with a reaction pathway via a cationic radical species. For carbon, a slight inverse isotope effect was observed (C-AKIE = 0.9945 +/- 0.0019). This fractionation behavior is clearly distinguishable from reported reductive dechlorination mechanisms. Based on these results we then assessed degradation and apportioned different types of technical CP mixtures used at two former sawmill sites. To our knowledge, this is the first study that makes use of two-element CSIA to study sources and transformation of CPs in the environment.
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5.
  • Agnidakis, Paul, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • I riktning mot en normkreativ kulturmiljövård : Metodutveckling utifrån exemplet Statens fastighetsverk i Sverige
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Kulturstudier. - København : Dansk Historisk Fællesråd. - 1904-5352 .- 1904-5352. ; 9:1, s. 167-198
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Utifrån tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv och metoder, hämtade från etnologin och kulturgeografin, och med en empirisk utgångspunkt i tre kulturmiljöer som förvaltas av Statens fastighetsverk (SFV) i Sverige, analyserar artikeln historiebruk i form av kulturarvsproduktion och föreslår ett applicerbart normkritiskt samt i förlängningen normkreativt angreppssätt för att möjliggöra alternativa, varierade och mer inkluderande historieskildringar kring kulturmiljöer. Genom att utveckla och integrera dessa synsätt och verktyg vill artikeln argumentera för att man får tillgång till nya berättelser om platsen; berättelser som går utöver den traditionella, „normala“ historien om staten, enskilda byggnaders materiella utformning och den sociokulturella och ekonomiska eliten. En långsiktig effekt blir att det möjliggör ökad mångfald och inkludering både i fråga om förmedling och representation av platser som komplexa rumsliga och sociokulturella helheter.
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6.
  • Ahlberg, Alexander, et al. (författare)
  • ESOPHAGEAL STRICTURE AFTER RADIOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH HEAD AND NECK CANCER : EXPERIENCE OF A SINGLE INSTITUTION OVER 2 TREATMENT PERIODS
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Head and Neck. - : Wiley. - 1043-3074 .- 1097-0347. ; 32:4, s. 452-461
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Risk factors for development of a stricture of the upper esophagus after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer are poorly defined. Methods. This was a retrospective case-control study of patients diagnosed and treated for esophageal stricture after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Results. The incidence of esophageal stricture after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was 3.3%. Seventy patients with stricture and 66 patients without stricture were identified. A multivariate analysis showed that there was increased risk of stricture in receiving enteral feeding during EBRT or in receiving a mean dose of >45 By to the upper esophagus. Conclusions. Enteral feeding during EBRT is strongly associated with the development of stricture of the esophagus, as is a mean dose of >45 Gy to the upper esophagus. Treatment of the stricture with Savary-Gilliard bougienage or through scope balloon dilatation is safe and successful but often has to be repeated.
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7.
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8.
  • Ahlgren, Joakim, et al. (författare)
  • Temperature, DOC level and basin interactions explain the declining oxygen concentrations in the Bothnian Sea
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Marine Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-7963 .- 1879-1573. ; 170, s. 22-30
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Hypoxia and oxygen deficient zones are expanding worldwide. To properly manage this deterioration of the marine environment, it is important to identify the causes of oxygen declines and the influence of anthropogenic activities. Here, we provide a study aiming to explain the declining oxygen levels in the deep waters of the Bothnian Sea over the past 20 years by investigating data from environmental monitoring programmes. The observed decline in oxygen concentrations in deep waters was found to be primarily a consequence of water temperature increase and partly caused by an increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the seawater (R-Adj(2). = 0.83) as well as inflow from the adjacent sea basin. As none of the tested eutrophication-related predictors were significant according to a stepwise multiple regression, a regional increase in nutrient inputs to the area is unlikely to explain a significant portion of the oxygen decline. Based on the findings of this study, preventing the development of anoxia in the deep water of the Bothnian Sea is dependent on the large-scale measures taken to reduce climate change. In addition, the reduction of the nutrient load to the Baltic Proper is required to counteract the development of hypoxic and phosphate-rich water in the Baltic Proper, which can form deep water in the Bothnian Sea. The relative importance of these sources to oxygen consumption is difficult to determine from the available data, but the results clearly demonstrate the importance of climate related factors such as temperature, DOC and inflow from adjacent basins for the oxygen status of the sea.
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9.
  • Ahlgren, Per, 1960-, et al. (författare)
  • Document-document similarity approaches and science mapping: experimental comparison of five approaches
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of Informetrics. - Netherlands : Elsevier BV. - 1751-1577 .- 1875-5879. ; 3:1, s. 49-63
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper treats document–document similarity approaches in the context of science mapping. Five approaches, involving nine methods, are compared experimentally. We compare text-based approaches, the citation-based bibliographic coupling approach, and approaches that combine text-based approaches and bibliographic coupling. Forty-three articles, published in the journal Information Retrieval, are used as test documents. We investigate how well the approaches agree with a ground truth subject classification of the test documents, when the complete linkage method is used, and under two types of similarities, first-order and second-order. The results show that it is possible to achieve a very good approximation of the classification by means of automatic grouping of articles. One text-only method and one combination method, under second-order similarities in both cases, give rise to cluster solutions that to a large extent agree with the classification.
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10.
  • Ahlgren, Per, et al. (författare)
  • Geographical distance in bibliometric relations within epistemic communities
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 95:2, s. 771-784
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Scientists collaborate increasingly on a global scale. Does this trend also hold for other bibliometric relations such as direct citations, cocitations and shared references? This study examines citation-based relations in publications published in the journal Scientometrics from 1981 to 2010. Different measures of Mean Geographical Distance (MGD) are tested. If we take all citation links into consideration, there is no indication of MGD increase, but when we look at maximum distances of each relation, a weak tendency of increasing MGD could be observed. One major factor behind the lack of growth of mean distances is the form of the distribution of citation links over distances. Our data suggest that the interactions might grow simultaneously for both short and long distances.
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