| 1. |
- Nordberg, Marika, et al.
(författare)
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Aetiology of tick-borne infections in an adult swedish population-are co-infections with multiple agents common
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics. - Scientific Research : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5816 .- 2162-5824. ; 4:1, s. 31-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Scandinavia, tick-borne infections affecting humans include Lyme borreliosis (LB), tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Each of these infections can present with unspecific symptoms. In this prospective clinical study, we recruited patients based on two independent inclusion criteria; 1) patients with unspecific symptoms, i.e. fever (≥38.0˚C) or a history of feverishness and/or any combination of headache, myalgia or arthralgia and 2) patients with erythema migrans (EM), following an observed tick bite or tick exposure within one month prior to onset of symptoms. A total of 206 patients fulfilled the study. Among these, we could identify 186 cases of LB (174 with EM), 18 confirmed and two probable cases of HGA and two cases of TBE. Thirteen of the HGA cases presented without fever. Furthermore, 22 of the EM patients had a sub-clinical co-infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, based on serology. Both TBE cases had co-infections, one with Borrelia burgdorferi and one with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. We conclude that it is important to consider several causative agents and possible co-infections in the clinical management of infectious diseases where ticks may be suspected as vectors.
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| 2. |
- Folke, Mia, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the content of a web tool aimed to identify early markers related to fall risk among middle-aged people
- 2020
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Ingår i: Health and Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland. - 2190-7188 .- 2190-7196. ; 10:6, s. 1571-1578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, the health care sector has no test for early age-related deterioration in physical ability. The aim of this study was to evaluate questionnaires, videos and physical tests whose task will be to identify early markers related to an increased fall risk in middle-aged people. If the person is aware of deficits in physical ability related to fall risk, the person can then use that knowledge to perform relevant training that can strengthen the physical ability related to fall risk. Self-efficacy for balance and strength, physical ability related to fall risk and body composition were measured for 36 middle-aged test participants. This study shows that the tested physical exercises were useful for self-assessment of physical ability. Impairment in physical ability could not be identified solely with measurement of body composition, walking speed, questions, videos that show adjustments that are common in people with impaired balance, or an extended version of the Short version of Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale. This study indicates that a combination of questionnaires, videos and physical exercises can evaluate physical ability and act as a method to identify early markers related to increased fall risk. The questionnaire, videos and physical exercises can be implemented in a web tool that could make persons aware that they have decreased physical ability regarding fall risk or that they needlessly make physical compensations when performing daily activities and thus are missing opportunities to strengthen their physical ability every day.
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| 3. |
- Lindberg, Terese, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation and Other Arrhythmias in the General Older Population : Findings From the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gerontology and geriatric medicine. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 2333-7214. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study the prevalence and cumulative incidence of arrhythmias in the general population of adults aged 60 and older over a 6-year period. Study Design and Setting: Data were taken from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC), a national, longitudinal, multidisciplinary study of the general elderly population (defined as 60 years of age or older). A 12-lead resting electrocardiography (ECG) was performed at baseline and 6-year follow-up. Results: The baseline prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) was 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = [4.5%, 5.5%]), and other arrhythmias including ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), and supraventricular extrasystole (SVES) were seen in 8.4% (7.7%, 9.0%) of the population. A first- or second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block was found in 7.1% of the population (95% CI = [6.5%, 7.7%]), and there were no significant differences between men and women in baseline arrhythmia prevalence. The 6-year cumulative incidence of AF was 4.1% (95% CI = [3.5%, 4.9%]), or 6.9/1,000 person-years (py; 95% CI = [5.7, 8.0]). The incidence of AF, other arrhythmias, AV block, and pacemaker-induced rhythm was significantly higher in men in all cohorts except for the oldest. Conclusion: Our data highlight the prevalence and incidence of arrhythmias, which rapidly increase with advancing age in the general population.
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| 4. |
- Wimo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Formal and informal care of community-living older people : A population-based study from the swedish national study on aging and care
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. - : SPRINGER FRANCE. - 1279-7707 .- 1760-4788. ; 21:1, s. 17-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Study formal and informal care of community-living older people in the Swedish National study of Aging and Care (SNAC). Design: Cross-sectional, population based cohort. Setting: Three areas in Sweden: Municipality of Nordanstig, Stockholm and Skane County. Participants: 3,338 persons >= 72 years. Measurements: Patterns and amounts of informal and formal care by cognition and area of residence. Results: 73% received no care; 14% formal care; and 17% informal care (7% received both). In the whole study population, including those who used no care, individuals in small municipalities received 9.6 hours of informal care/month; in mid-size municipalities, 6.6; and in urban areas, 5.6. Users of informal care received 33.1 hours of informal care/month in small municipalities, 54.6 in mid-size municipalities and 36.1 in urban areas. Individuals with cognitive impairment received 14.1 hours of informal care/month, 2.7 times more than people with no/slight impairment. In the whole study population, individuals in small municipalities received an average of 3.2 hours of formal care/month; in mid-size municipalities 1.4; and in urban areas, 2.6. Corresponding figures for formal care users were 29.4 hours in small municipalities, 13.6 in mid-size municipalities and 16.7 in urban areas. Formal care users received 7.1 hours, and informal care users, 5.9 hours for each hour/month received by people in the study population as a whole. Conclusions: More informal than formal care was provided. Informal care is more frequent in small municipalities than urban areas and for those with than without cognitive impairment. The relationship between data on the whole population and the data on users or care indicates that population-based data are needed to avoid overestimates of care.
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| 5. |
- Rennemark, Mikael, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships between frequency of moderate physical activity and longevity : an 11-year follow-up study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Gerontology and geriatric medicine. - : Sage Publications. - 2333-7214. ; 4, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Moderate physical activity gains survival. There are, however, several variables that may affect this relationship. In this study, the relationship between moderate physical activity and longevity was investigated, taking into account age, gender, smoking habits, cohabitation status, body mass index, leg strength and balance, education level and cognitive function. Method: A sample of 8,456 individuals aged 60 to 96 years, representative of the Swedish population, was included. Participants were followed from 2004 to 2015. Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the predictive value of physical activity on longevity. Results: Participants still alive in the follow-up measure were more physically active on a moderate level. Being active 2 to 3 times a week or more was related to a 28% lower risk of not being alive at the follow-up measure. Discussion: The low frequency of physical activity, necessary for survival benefits should be considered in public health programs.
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| 6. |
- Svärd, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis in serum and saliva and their association with rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. : Data from two rheumatoid arthritis cohorts in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Periodontitis and oral pathogenic bacteria can contribute to the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A connection between serum antibodies to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and RA has been established, but data on saliva antibodies to P. gingivalis in RA are lacking. We evaluated antibodies to P. gingivalis in serum and saliva in two Swedish RA studies as well as their association with RA, periodontitis, antibodies to citrullinated proteins (ACPA), and RA disease activity.Methods: The SARA (secretory antibodies in RA) study includes 196 patients with RA and 101 healthy controls. The Karlskrona RA study includes 132 patients with RA >= 61 years of age, who underwent dental examination. Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies and saliva IgA antibodies to the P. gingivalis-specific Arg-specific gingipain B (RgpB) were measured in patients with RA and controls.Results: The level of saliva IgA anti-RgpB antibodies was significantly higher among patients with RA than among healthy controls in multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, smoking, and IgG ACPA (p = 0.022). Saliva IgA anti-RgpB antibodies were associated with RA disease activity in multivariate analysis (p = 0.036). Anti-RgpB antibodies were not associated with periodontitis or serum IgG ACPA.Conclusion: Patients with RA had higher levels of saliva IgA anti-RgpB antibodies than healthy controls. Saliva IgA anti-RgpB antibodies may be associated with RA disease activity but were not associated with periodontitis or serum IgG ACPA. Our results indicate a local production of IgA anti-RgpB in the salivary glands that is not accompanied by systemic antibody production.
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| 7. |
- Westergren, Albert, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement properties of the minimal insomnia symptom scale as insomnia screening tool for adults and the elderly
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 16:3, s. 379-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The psychometric properties of the three-item Minimal Insomnia Symptom Scale (MISS) were evaluated using the classical test theory. Different cut-offs for identifying insomnia were suggested in two age groups (≥6 and ≥7 among adult and elderly people, respectively). The aim of the present study was to test the measurement properties of the MISS using the Rasch measurement model, with special emphasis on differential item functioning by gender and age. Methods Cross-sectional MISS data from adult (age 20–64 years, n = 1075) and elderly (age 65+, n = 548) populations were analysed using the Rasch measurement model. Results Data generally met Rasch model requirements and the scale could separate between two distinct groups of people. Differential item functioning was found by age but not gender. The difference between the adult and elderly samples was lower for the originally recommended ≥6 points cut-off (0.09 logits) than for the ≥7 points cut-off (0.23 logits), but greater at the lower and higher ends of the scale. Conclusions This study provides general support for the measurement properties of the MISS. Caution should be exercised in comparing raw MISS scores between age groups, but applying a ≥6 cut-off appears to allow for valid comparisons between adults and the elderly regarding the presence of insomnia. Nevertheless, additional studies are needed to determine the clinically optimal cut-score for identification of insomnia.
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| 8. |
- Ekebergh, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-nurse anesthetist interaction during regional anesthesia and surgery based on video recordings
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. - : W.B. Saunders Co.. - 1089-9472 .- 1532-8473. ; 28:5, s. 260-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this study was to interpret and describe the patient-nurse anesthetist (NA) interaction during regional anesthesia. Design Video recordings conducted during orthopedic surgery at a surgical clinic in Sweden formed the basis for the study, in which three patients and three NAs participated. Methods A hermeneutic analysis was conducted on the data. Finding The findings of the analysis demonstrated that the NA was in either “present” presence or “absent” presence in the awake patient's visual field during surgery. The NA's professional actions at times dominated the patient's existential being in the intraoperative situation. The findings conveyed insights about the patient-NA interaction that open up possibilities for nurses to understand and reflect upon their own practice in an expanded way. Conclusions Using video recordings for reflections enables development of professional skills that positively influence the care quality for patients during regional anesthesia.
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| 9. |
- Boutry, Céline, et al.
(författare)
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The Adjuvanted Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Confers Long-Term Protection Against Herpes Zoster : Interim Results of an Extension Study of the Pivotal Phase 3 Clinical Trials ZOE-50 and ZOE-70
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press. - 1058-4838 .- 1537-6591. ; 74:8, s. 1459-1467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efficacy against herpes zoster and immune responses to the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine plateaued at high levels between 5.1 and 7.1 years (mean) post-vaccination, suggesting that its clinical benefit in older adults is sustained for at least 7 years post-vaccination. Background This ongoing follow-up study evaluated the persistence of efficacy and immune responses for 6 additional years in adults vaccinated with the glycoprotein E (gE)-based adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) at age >= 50 years in 2 pivotal efficacy trials (ZOE-50 and ZOE-70). The present interim analysis was performed after >= 2 additional years of follow-up (between 5.1 and 7.1 years [mean] post-vaccination) and includes partial data for year (Y) 8 post-vaccination. Methods Annual assessments were performed for efficacy against herpes zoster (HZ) from Y6 post-vaccination and for anti-gE antibody concentrations and gE-specific CD4[2+] T-cell (expressing >= 2 of 4 assessed activation markers) frequencies from Y5 post-vaccination. Results Of 7413 participants enrolled for the long-term efficacy assessment, 7277 (mean age at vaccination, 67.2 years), 813, and 108 were included in the cohorts evaluating efficacy, humoral immune responses, and cell-mediated immune responses, respectively. Efficacy of RZV against HZ through this interim analysis was 84.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75.9-89.8) from the start of this follow-up study and 90.9% (95% CI, 88.2-93.2) from vaccination in ZOE-50/70. Annual vaccine efficacy estimates were >84% for each year since vaccination and remained stable through this interim analysis. Anti-gE antibody geometric mean concentrations and median frequencies of gE-specific CD4[2+] T cells reached a plateau at approximately 6-fold above pre-vaccination levels. Conclusions Efficacy against HZ and immune responses to RZV remained high, suggesting that the clinical benefit of RZV in older adults is sustained for at least 7 years post-vaccination.
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
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"Is that my leg?" patients' experiences of being awake during regional anesthesia and surgery
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. - : Elsevier B.V. - 1089-9472 .- 1532-8473. ; 27:3, s. 155-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most knee or hip replacement surgery is performed under regional anesthesia, when patients are awake. Previous research has primarily focused on patients' experiences during general anesthesia. The aim of this study was to uncover the meaning of being awake during regional anesthesia and surgery. Nine interviews with patients undergoing knee or hip replacement surgery comprise the data. The phenomenological analysis shows that being awake during surgery can be compared with walking a tightrope because of ambiguous feelings. Four interrelated constituents further elucidated the patients' experiences: balancing between proximity and distance in the operating theater, balancing between having control and being left out, my partly inaccessible body handled by others, and the significant role of the carer. Anesthesia providers and perioperative nurses need to understand the awake patients' intraoperative experiences to support and confirm them when they can no longer experience or have full access to their body.
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