| 1. |
- Bastos Lima, Mairon G., et al.
(författare)
-
Large-scale collective action to avoid an Amazon tipping point - key actors and interventions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Current Research in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-0490. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The destruction of the Amazon is a major global environmental issue, not only because of greenhouse gas emissions or direct impacts on biodiversity and livelihoods, but also due to the forest's role as a tipping element in the Earth System. With nearly a fifth of the Amazon already lost, there are already signs of an imminent forest dieback process that risks transforming much of the rainforest into a drier ecosystem, with climatic implications across the globe. There is a large body of literature on the underlying drivers of Amazon deforestation. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the behavioral and institutional microfoundations of change. Fundamental issues concerning cooperation, as well as the mechanisms facilitating or hampering such actions, can play a much more central role in attempts to unravel and address Amazon deforestation. We thus present the issue of preventing the Amazon biome from crossing a biophysical tipping point as a large-scale collective action problem. Drawing from collective action theory, we apply a novel analytical framework on Amazon conservation, identifying six variables that synthesize relevant collective action stressors and facilitators: information, accountability, harmony of interests, horizontal trust, knowledge about consequences, and sense of responsibility. Drawing upon literature and data, we assess Amazon deforestation and conservation through our heuristic lens, showing that while growing transparency has made information availability a collective action facilitator, lack of accountability, distrust among actors, and little sense of responsibility for halting deforestation remain key stressors. We finalize by discussing interventions that can help break the gridlock.
|
|
| 2. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of integration of sustainable development in higher education in Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1467-6370 .- 1758-6739. ; 21:4, s. 685-698
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Since 2006, higher education institutions (HEIs) in Sweden, should according to the Higher Education Act, promote sustainable development (SD). In 2016, the Swedish Government asked the Swedish higher education authority to evaluate how this study is proceeding. The authority chose to focus on education. This paper aims to produce a report on this evaluation. Design/methodology/approach All 47 HEIs in Sweden were asked to write a self-evaluation report based on certain evaluation criteria. A panel was appointed consisting of academics and representatives for students and working life. The panel wrote an evaluation of each HEI, a report on general findings and recommendations, and gave an overall judgement of each HEI in two classes as follows: the HEI has well-developed processes for integration of SD in education or the HEI needs to develop their processes. Findings Overall, a mixed picture developed. Most HEIs could give examples of programmes or courses where SD was integrated. However, less than half of the HEIs had overarching goals for integration of SD in education or had a systematic follow-up of these goals. Even fewer worked specifically with pedagogy and didactics, teaching and learning methods and environments, sustainability competences or other characters of education for SD. Overall, only 12 out of 47 got a higher judgement. Originality/value This is a unique study in which all HEIs in a country are evaluated. This provides unique possibilities for identifying success factors and barriers. The importance of the leadership of the HEIs became clear.
|
|
| 3. |
- Danielsson, Anna T., Professor, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Young Peoples’ Online Science Practices as a Gateway to Higher Education STEM
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Research in science education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0157-244X .- 1573-1898. ; 53:4, s. 759-770
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this manuscript is to explore how students perceive that online practices have enabled their participation in university physics programmes. In order to conceptualise how students bridge their science participation across physical and online spaces, we make use of the learning ecology perspective. This perspective is complemented with the notion of science capital, analysing how students have been able to strengthen different aspects of science capital through online participation. Data has been generated through semi-structured interviews guided by a timeline, constructed in collaboration between the interviewer and the interviewee. Twenty-one students enrolled in higher education physics have been interviewed, with a focus on their trajectories into higher education physics. The findings focus on four students who in various ways all have struggled to access science learning resources and found ways to utilise online spaces as a complement to their physical learning ecologies. In the manuscript, we show how online practices have contributed to the students’ learning ecologies, e.g. in terms of building networks and functioning as learning support, and how resources acquired through online science practices have both use and exchange value in the wider science community. Online science participation is thus both curiosity driven and founded in instrumental reasons (using online tutoring to pass school science). Furthermore, we argue that online spaces have the potential to offer opportunities for participation and network building for students who do not have access to science activities and science people in their everyday surroundings.
|
|
| 4. |
- Poblete, León, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sourcing energy services in business-to-business contexts: practices among end-customers
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - London, UK : Springer Nature. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 16:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Facing increased pressure to use renewable energy and achieve energy efficiency, organisations have the complex task of sourcing energy services from energy providers in business-to-business (B2B) contexts. We aimed to explore how customers in such contexts approach the sourcing of energy services. Our theoretical and empirical approach linked energy as a service offering and customer–provider interfaces used in sourcing energy services to elucidate the practices adopted in such sourcing by customers in B2B contexts. To that end, we employed a qualitative research approach using the Gioia methodology and conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with representatives of 18 firms in the B2B market for energy services in Sweden. Our results revealed two central categories of how energy services are sourced: basic and advanced. The theorising of those categories as forms of direct and indirect energy efficiency, combined with four types of energy services—information-, analysis-, improvement- and contract-oriented services, which include a description of energy services exchanged, where the customer uses the energy service, the customer’s sourcing practices and characteristics of sourcing practices—provides important contributions to the literature on energy services. In turn, we propose a four-part typology of interfaces used by providers and customers of energy services that considers the type of services sourced.
|
|
| 5. |
- Stoddard, Isak, et al.
(författare)
-
Three Decades of Climate Mitigation: Why Haven't We Bent the Global Emissions Curve?
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Annual Review of Environment and Resources. - : Annual Reviews. - 1543-5938 .- 1545-2050. - 9780824323462 ; 46, s. 653-689
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite three decades of political efforts and a wealth of research on the causes and catastrophic impacts of climate change, global carbon dioxide emissions have continued to rise and are 60% higher today than they were in 1990. Exploring this rise through nine thematic lenses-covering issues of climate governance, the fossil fuel industry, geopolitics, economics, mitigation modeling, energy systems, inequity, lifestyles, and social imaginaries-draws out multifaceted reasons for our collective failure to bend the global emissions curve. However, a common thread that emerges across the reviewed literature is the central role of power, manifest in many forms, from a dogmatic political-economic hegemony and influential vested interests to narrow techno-economic mindsets and ideologies of control. Synthesizing the various impediments to mitigation reveals how delivering on the commitments enshrined in the Paris Agreement now requires an urgent and unprecedented transformation away from today's carbon- and energy-intensive development paradigm.
|
|
| 6. |
- Langlet, David, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Energy efficient transition in Sweden: triggers and barriers for retrofitting processes in municipality owned housing companies
- 2014
-
Ingår i: ENHR Edinburgh July 1-4, 2014. Book of abstracts.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Globally and in Europe, the housing sector is responsible for a large share of the energy use, and large efforts have therefore been directed towards reduced energy use in the housing sector. In Sweden 39 percent of the energy use relate to “housing and business locations”, there is an ambition to reduce the energy use with 20 percent until year 2020, following the EU directive of energy efficiency. However, the national government has up to present responded quite hesitantly to the energy efficiency debate, possibly as the National Institute of Economic Research (NIER) claims that relevant transition measures will be met regardless of any specific measures directed to the sector of housing. Yet, the project group Collaborative learning for urban energy efficiency (the ClueE-project) has studied a number of examples where energy efficient retrofitting takes place in sub-urban areas. A central question for the overall project was: What are the major triggers and barriers in retrofitting processes, with special regards to the social sciences? From a financial point of view, the costs of energy efficient retrofitting are demanding, as most of the heating in these areas to 90 percent are sustainable district-heating. But seen from the perspective of the ‘third generation of energy policies’, there is an increasing potential today for local energy production solutions, zero-houses, or even houses that generates a surplus of energy, energy-plus-houses. The judicial tools used in these processes does not relate to minimum quality levels, rather, a more conscious use of the public procurement act is activated, as wise use of partnering contracting. The ClueE study also found that it is not specifically environmentally interested tenants that have been attracted by the energy efficient apartments, rather that has been the opportunity at hand. The lower ecological footprints of these tenants are supported as these groups are among the poorest segments of the population. To conclude, the core triggers found were: the necessity of broad political anchoring across majority and opposition, inclusive and transparent tenant-dialogues, comparable indicators in relation to evaluations and benchmarking. A more general conclusion is that more attention needs to be directed towards business locations, as the private homes’ market.
|
|
| 7. |
- Gonsalves, Allison J., et al.
(författare)
-
Other spaces for young women's identity work in physics: Resources accessed through university-adjacent informal physics learning contexts in Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Physics Education Research. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9896. ; 18:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For young women, inbound identity trajectories into physics are generally regarded as exceptional. In this study, we investigated the experiences that young women have which may support their sustained interest and achievement in physics, and their ongoing inbound trajectories into post-secondary physics education. To understand these experiences, we look to the role of informal physics learning (IPL) environments as spaces which can offer resources that support women's trajectories into physics. In this paper, we highlight the important role of what we call "university-adjacent" IPL experiences-internships, summer schools, and associations that connect secondary students with the research lives of physicists. Focusing on case studies of six women enrolled in post-secondary physics programs across Sweden, we identify the various forms of resources made available through IPL environments, and how these create possibilities for young women to engage in forms of identity work that contribute to the construction of new possible selves in physics. Findings suggest that young women can access important relational and ideational resources through university-adjacent IPL programs. Relational resources included (a) supportive social networks, (b) enduring relationships, and (c) relatability. Importantly, our research finds that IPL opportunities that emphasize relationship building can create immersive experiences which go beyond representation and rather emphasize opportunities to develop practice-linked identities. Ideational resources emerged as (a) sources of information which possibilized physics for participants, and (b) types of information that provided possibilities to learn about the life of a physicist. Finally, while we claim that IPL experiences provide important possibilities for young women to immerse themselves in the practices of physics, we also discuss that these kinds of experiences remain inaccessible to most students, and thus reproduce a certain elitism in the field.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ingram Bogusz, Claire, et al.
(författare)
-
Tracking the Digital Evolution of Entrepreneurial Finance: The Interplay Between Crowdfunding, Blockchain Technologies, Cryptocurrencies, and Initial Coin Offerings
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9391 .- 1558-0040. ; 67:4, s. 1099-1108
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A vibrant development is currently taking place in entrepreneurial finance due to the field's digital evolution over recent years. This article aims to assess the interplay between four of the key phenomena that has fuelled this development, namely crowdfunding, blockchain technologies, cryptocurrencies, and initial coin offerings (ICOs). By making use of social media analytics, public discussions on social media concerning crowdfunding, blockchain technologies, cryptocurrencies, and ICOs have been systematically tracked in social media over three time periods between the May 6, 2017, and October 2, 2018. In doing so, a total of 197 770 captured posts across social media platforms have been collected and analyzed. The results illustrate that discussions on blockchain technologies dominated the interplay in the first analyzed time period, that discussions on cryptocurrencies and ICOs dominated the interplay in the second analyzed time period, while discussions concerning blockchain technologies, cryptocurrencies, and ICOs highly converge in the third time period. By illustrating this shift over the analyzed time periods and by offering a systematic exploration of key characteristics of the interplay at hand, this article adds to previous literature on entrepreneurial finance by providing an empirical contribution which details the coevolution of these phenomena in recent years.
|
|
| 9. |
- Arguello, Gabriela, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Regulation of ships at anchor: Safety and environmental implications
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X .- 1872-9460. ; 140
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ships waiting at anchor are associated with considerable environmental pressures and impacts. Growing and congested anchoring areas are receiving increasing scholarly attention to understand the environmental effects caused by large sea-going ships anchoring in coastal waters. While there is a lack of studies addressing the entire spectrum of environmental pressures and impacts from ships at anchor, ranging from scouring of the seafloor, operational emissions and discharges and waste from maintenance carried out while at anchor, it is well established that anchoring is associated with such pressures. This article takes a problem-oriented approach since there are potential cumulative environmental impacts of ships waiting at anchor. From both a public and private law perspective, we examine the legal structures and challenges associated with the regulation of ships waiting at anchor. We also analyze the public and private law factors that may limit the ability to prevent harmful anchoring practices. Our examination shows that while coastal states have significant jurisdictional powers to regulate anchoring in coastal waters, the current international regulatory framework addresses anchoring incidentally and lacks mechanisms for considering the cumulative impacts of anchoring. Furthermore, the incentives for ships to spend a considerable amount of time at anchor appear to differ substantially across different types of charterparties. Improved regulation requires better scientific knowledge, substantial mapping of legal structures, and a stakeholder survey providing a basis for the exploration of potential contractual practices that may reduce market incentives for anchoring.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
