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- Blease, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Patients, clinicians and open notes : information blocking as a case of epistemic injustice
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Ethics. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-6800 .- 1473-4257. ; 48:10, s. 785-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many countries, including patients are legally entitled to request copies of their clinical notes. However, this process remains time-consuming and burdensome, and it remains unclear how much of the medical record must be made available. Online access to notes offers a way to overcome these challenges and in around 10 countries worldwide, via secure web-based portals, many patients are now able to read at least some of the narrative reports written by clinicians (’open notes’). However, even in countries that have implemented the practice many clinicians have resisted the idea remaining doubtful of the value of opening notes, and anticipating patients will be confused or anxious by what they read. Against this scepticism, a growing body of qualitative and quantitative research reveals that patients derive multiple benefits from reading their notes. We address the contrasting perceptions of this practice innovation, and claim that the divergent views of patients and clinicians can be explained as a case of epistemic injustice. Using a range of evidence, we argue that patients are vulnerable to (oftentimes, non-intentional) epistemic injustice. Nonetheless, we conclude that the marginalisation of patients’ access to their health information exemplifies a form of epistemic exclusion, one with practical and ethical consequences including for patient safety.
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| 2. |
- Lindblom, Jessica, 1969-
(författare)
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On the Embodied and Sense-Making Nature of the Artful Mind
- 2021. - 1
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Ingår i: Meaningful Relations. - Baden-Baden : Academia Verlag. - 9783896659927 - 9783896659934 ; , s. 263-284
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The over-reaching purpose of this chapter is to address the sense-making and embodied nature of the artful mind. In doing so, I will reformulate Merlin Donald’s (2006) governing cognitive principles for art, advocating the enactive, emergent, situated, and distributed aspects of art and aesthetic experience as sense-making practices that are compatible with a radical view of embodied cognitive science. I therefore introduce, disentangle and present a more radical view of the human and artful mind, i.e. the idea that mind emerges in the interaction of an agent with a material and social environment as a result of sensorimotor activity. In short, sense-making practices. I then address some implications to the artful mind related to the topics presented here. In doing so, I reformulate Donald’s seven governing cognitive principles of the artful mind - from a rather traditional cognitivist view - to a more radically embodied perspective. The chapter ends with some concluding remarks.
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| 3. |
- Almer, Johan, 1961-
(författare)
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Att sätta döden ur spel : En analys av Tomas Tranströmers dikt "Medeltida motiv"
- 2018
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Ingår i: Samlaren. - Uppsala : Svenska Litteratursällskapet. - 0348-6133 .- 2002-3871. ; 139:-, s. 162-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To knock Death out of the Game. An analysis of Tomas Tranströmer’s poem “Medieval motif ”The Swedish poet Tomas Tranströmer’s (1931–2015) poem “Medieval Motif ”, from For Living and Dead (1989), takes its visual point of departure in the motif “Man who plays chess with Death about his life”. A motif also found in medieval visual arts (Albertus Pictor, 1440–1509) and in modern film art (Ingmar Bergman, 1918–2007). In both Pictors painting, ”The Game of Chess with Death” (around 1480), and Bergman’s film The Seventh Seal (1957), Death knocks man out of the game by checkmate. In Tranströmer’s poem, however, things turn out somewhat differently. In “Medieval Motif ” there is unique word in Swedish poetry, “frisörsaxklippande” (“barber-scissor-like clipping”), as a determination for a sound. The analysis of the poem tries to answer a number of questions: What is this sound exactly? Why does the sound occur in a poem about a motif from the Middle Ages? What function does the sound have for the poem as an artistic whole? The “Medieval motif ”, which besides the title consists of two Sapphic stanzas, is the subject of an in-depth motif analysis and of a composition analysis. In summary, the analysis shows that the “Medieval motif ” forms an epiphany where the motif of Vanitas contributes to the understanding of the moment of togetherness as time and space cease to exist, and a previously hidden truth is revealed. As a part of that truth, Death is knocked out of the game.
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| 6. |
- Rosén, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Reporting of Ethical Conduct in Human-Robot Interaction Research
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advances in Human Factors in Robots, Unmanned Systems and Cybersecurity. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030799960 - 9783030799977 ; , s. 87-94
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The field of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is progressively maturing into a distinct discipline with its own research practices and traditions. Aiming to support this development, we analyzed how ethical conduct was reported and discussed in HRI research involving human participants. A literature study of 73 papers from three major HRI publication outlets was performed. The analysis considered how often the following five principles of ethical conduct were reported: ethical board approval, informed consent, data protection and privacy, deception, and debriefing. These five principles were selected as they belong to all major and relevant ethical guidelines for the HRI field. The results show that overall, ethical conduct is rarely reported, with four out of five principles mentioned in less than one third of all papers. The most frequently mentioned aspect was informed consent, which was reported in 49% of the articles. In this work, we aim to stimulate increased acknowledgment and discussion of ethical conduct reporting within the HRI field.
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