| 1. |
- Broman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Recirculation during veno-venous extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation - a simulation study
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Artificial Organs. - : SAGE Publications. - 0391-3988 .- 1724-6040. ; 38:1, s. 23-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Veno-venous ECMO is indicated in reversible life-threatening respiratory failure without life-threatening circulatory failure. Recirculation of oxygenated blood in the ECMO circuit decreases efficiency of patient oxygen delivery but is difficult to measure. We seek to identify and quantify some of the factors responsible for recirculation in a simulation model and compare with clinical data. Methods: A closed-loop real-time simulation model of the cardiovascular system has been developed. ECMO is simulated with a fixed flow pump 0 to 5 l/min with various cannulation sites -1) right atrium to inferior vena cava, 2) inferior vena cava to right atrium, and 3) superior+ inferior vena cava to right atrium. Simulations are compared to data from a retrospective cohort of 11 consecutive adult veno-venous ECMO patients in our department. Results: Recirculation increases with increasing ECMO-flow, decreases with increasing cardiac output, and is highly dependent on choice of cannulation sites. A more peripheral drainage site decreases recirculation substantially. Conclusions: Simulations suggest that recirculation is a significant clinical problem in veno-venous ECMO in agreement with clinical data. Due to the difficulties in measuring recirculation and interpretation of the venous oxygen saturation in the ECMO drainage blood, flow settings and cannula positioning should rather be optimized with help of arterial oxygenation parameters. Simulation may be useful in quantification and understanding of recirculation in VV-ECMO.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Sven A., et al.
(författare)
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Towards a Design Science Research Approach for IS Use and Management: : Applications from the Areas of Knowledge Management, E-learning and IS Integration
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology (DESRIST 2008). ; , s. 111-131
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design science research is an essential part of IS research since the field should not only try to understand how the world is but also how to change it. We argue that the aim of IS design science research should be to develop practical knowledge not only for the design and improvement of IS but also for IS use and management. Whereas substantial methodological support exists for researchers engaged in behavioral IS research, only limited methodological support exists for researchers with the ambition to develop new IS design theories and new IT artifacts. For the development of design theories for IS use and management the methodological support is even weaker. To overcome this shortcoming we suggest an approach for design research on IS use and management. We give three examples of the proposed approach in use by applying it to the areas of knowledge management systems, e-learning and IS integration.
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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An Approach for Designing Management Support Systems: The Design Science Research Process and its Outcomes
- 2009
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design science research involves creating and evaluating innovative methods and approaches to be used in design practice. We present an approach to be used in the process of designing Management Support Systems (MSS). The nature of managerial work makes the design, development, and implementation of MSS a major challenge. The MSS literature suggests that determining MSS requirements and specification of MSS are the most critical phases in MSS design and development. We present an approach that can be used as a guide for MSS design, with a primary focus on MSS requirements determination and how requirements can be fulfilled using information and communication technologies (ICT). The approach builds on Quinn and associates’ competing values model (CVM) of organizational effectiveness. The approach can guide MSS designers in designing MSS that support different managerial roles, i.e., the development of MSS that support managerial cognition, decision, and action.
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| 4. |
- Hansbo, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A cut finite element method for a Stokes interface problem
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Numerical Mathematics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9274 .- 1873-5460. ; 85, s. 90-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a finite element method for the Stokes equations involving two immiscible incompressible fluids with different viscosities and with surface tension. The interface separating the two fluids does not need to align with the mesh. We propose a Nitsche formulation which allows for discontinuities along the interface with optimal a priori error estimates. A stabilization procedure is included which ensures that the method produces a well conditioned stiffness matrix independent of the location of the interface.
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| 5. |
- Henningsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-technical IS design science research : developing design theory for IS integration management
- 2011
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Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 9:1, s. 109-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design science research is an essential part of IS research since the field should not only try to understand how the world is, but also how to change it. We argue that the aim of IS design science research should be to develop practical knowledge not only for the design of novel information technology (IT), but also for IS governance and management. Whereas at least some methodological support exists for researchers engaged in IT-centric design science research, limited support is available for researchers who want to develop design knowledge and theory for IS governance and management. To overcome this shortcoming, we suggest a socio-technical IS design science research approach. The approach has four main activities: (1) identifying problem situations and desired outcomes, (2) reviewing extant theories, knowledge and data, (3) proposing/refining design theory and knowledge, and (4) testing design theory and knowledge. The applicability and usefulness of the proposed approach is shown by means of a design science research project concerning IS integration management in the context of mergers and acquisitions.
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| 6. |
- Hrastinski, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Design exemplars for synchronous e-learning : A design theory approach
- 2010
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Ingår i: Computers and education. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 0360-1315 .- 1873-782X. ; 55:2, s. 652-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synchronous e-learning has received much less research attention, as compared with asynchronous e-learning. Practitioners that consider using and designing synchronous e-learning are in urgent need of guidance. In order to address this need, we propose design exemplars for synchronous e-learning. They are directed towards a primary constituent community of teachers, administrators, managers and developers of e-learning. The exemplars have been theoretically as well as empirically grounded through cross-case analyses of studies conducted between 2003 and 2006. Moreover, the exemplars have been evaluated by conducting focus group sessions with experienced practitioners having experience of using and developing e-learning. Strong support was identified for each design exemplar. The exemplars can be used as research hypotheses and be tested in future design research. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Hrastinski, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Informal math coaching by instant messaging : Two case studies of how university students coach K-12 students
- 2014
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Ingår i: Interactive Learning Environments. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1049-4820 .- 1744-5191. ; 22:1, s. 84-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to describe and explore how instant messaging (IM) can be used to support informal math coaching. We have studied two projects where university students use IM to coach K-12 students in mathematics. The coaches were interviewed with a focus on how informal coaching works by examining coaching challenges, how coaching can be organized, whether coaching should be anonymous or personal, which tools can be used and how informal math coaching supports learning. Research shows that generating and answering questions are important in the process of understanding and learning, which means that both the students and the coaches can learn math through this type of project. The coaches perceive informal math coaching as complementing online math forums. For students to learn effectively, the coaches need to be able to interpret the students' competence level in order to coach on a level that is within their development zone. It seems particularly challenging to coach at the right level when using IM and, therefore, it is important to establish a personal relationship with the students.
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| 8. |
- Hrastinski, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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On how to develop design theories for IS use and management
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Information Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design science research is an essential part of IS research since the field should not only try to understand how the world is but also how to change it. We argue that the aim of IS design science research should be to develop practical knowledge not only for the design and improvement of IS but also for IS use and management. Whereas substantial methodological support exists for researchers engaged in behavioural IS research, only limited methodological support exists for researchers with the ambition to develop new IS design theories and new IT artefacts. For the development of design theories for IS use and management the methodological support is even weaker. To overcome this shortcoming we suggest an approach for design research on IS use and management. We give two examples of the proposed approach in use by applying it to the areas of knowledge management systems and e-learning.
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| 9. |
- Håkanson, Cecilia, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Providing Palliative Care in a Swedish Support Home for People Who Are Homeless
- 2016
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Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 26:9, s. 1252-1262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite high frequencies of multiple, life-limiting conditions relating to palliative care needs, people who are homeless are one of the most underserved and rarely encountered groups in palliative care settings. Instead, they often die in care places where palliative competence is not available. In this qualitative single-case study, we explored the conditions and practices of palliative care from the perspective of staff at a Swedish support home for homeless people. Interpretive description guided the research process, and data were generated from repeated reflective conversations with staff in groups, individually, and in pairs. The findings disclose a person-centered approach to palliative care, grounded in the understanding of the person’s health/illness and health literacy, and how this is related to and determinant on life as a homeless individual. Four patterns shape this approach: building trustful and family-like relationships, re-dignifying the person, re-considering communication about illness and dying, and re-defining flexible and pragmatic care solutions.
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| 10. |
- Keller, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Does national culture matter in e-learning implementation?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008. - Charlottesville, Va. : Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education. - 1880094657 ; , s. 3796-3798
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Not much is known about the impact of national culture on perceptions of e-learning. The aim of the study was to compare perceptions of e-learning implementation among university teachers at a Swedish and an Argentinean university. Hofstede’s (2001) four dimensions of national culture were used to characterise the national cultures of Sweden and Argentina: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism – collectivism, and masculinity – femininity. 159 Swedish and 110 Argentinean university teachers answered a survey questionnaire on purposes of using e-learning in university education, and driving factors and barriers towards e-learning implementation. The responses to the questionnaire were mainly similar. The only difference in responses due to national culture was that Argentinean university teachers stressed lack of incentives and appreciation as a more serious barrier to e-learning implementation than the Swedish respondents. This difference might be due to the more masculine culture of Argentina, stressing recognition and rewards more than the feminine Swedish culture.
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