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- Fornstedt, Torgny, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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System peaks and their impact in liquid chromatography
- 2016
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 81, s. 42-50
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sample injected into a chromatographic system can generate extra peaks, called "system peaks", which in general are undetectable. However, for small analytical injections, solute zones eluting with a system zone will often give strongly deformed solute peaks. But, if a solute zone is eluted in a particular region of the system zone it will instead be strongly compressed and well-shaped. For overloaded solute injections, another type of complex band deformation may take place due to large system peaks. This review will present results related to system peak distortions of both small analytical peaks and large preparative ones. Guidelines will be given on how to avoid unwanted distortions and how to utilize the distortions for increased detectability in analytical chromatography, or enhanced production rate in preparative chromatography. The works reviewed here were mainly made by Georges Guiochon, and some of his close colleagues, and is dedicated to his memory.
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| 2. |
- Patwary, Muhammad Mainuddin, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of extreme weather events on mental health in South and Southeast Asia : A two decades of systematic review of observational studies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 250
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extreme weather events in South and Southeast Asia exert profound psychosocial impacts, amplifying the prevalence of mental illness. Despite their substantial consequences, there is a dearth of research and representation in the current literature. We conducted a systematic review of observational studies published between January 1, 2000, and January 20, 2024, to examine the impact of extreme weather events on the mental health of the South and Southeast Asian population. Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) quality appraisal checklist. The search retrieved 70 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were included in our review. Most were from India (n = 22), and most used a cross-sectional study design (n = 55). Poor mental health outcomes were associated with six types of extreme weather events: floods, storm surges, typhoons, cyclones, extreme heat, and riverbank erosion. Most studies (n = 41) reported short-term outcome measurements. Findings included outcomes with predictable symptomatology, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, general psychological distress, emotional distress and suicide. Limited studies on long-term effects showed higher mental disorders after floods and typhoons, while cyclone-exposed individuals had more short-term distress. Notably, the review identified over 50 risk factors influencing mental health outcomes, categorized into six classes: demographic, economic, health, disaster exposure, psychological, and community factors. However, the quantitative evidence linking extreme weather events to mental health was limited due to a lack of longitudinal data, lack of control groups, and the absence of objective exposure measurements. The review found some compelling evidence linking extreme weather events to adverse mental health in the South and Southeast Asia region. Future research should focus on longitudinal study design to identify the specific stressors and climatic factors influencing the relationship between climate extremes and mental health in this region.
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