| 1. |
- Abele, H., et al.
(författare)
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Particle physics at the European Spallation Source
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 1023, s. 1-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Ambio fit for the 2020s
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 51:5, s. 1091-1093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Avila, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Surface functionalized nanofibers for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 245, s. 201-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers functionalized with amine groups (PAN-NH2) were prepared using a simple one-step reaction route. The PAN-NH2 nanofibers were investigated for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption and the kinetic characteristics were evaluated in batch process. The adsorption process showed pH dependence and the maximum Cr(VI) adsorption occurred at pH = 2. The Langmuir adsorption model described well the experimental adsorption data and estimated a maximum loading capacity of 156 mg/g, which is a markedly high value compared to other adsorbents reported. The kinetics studies indicated that the equilibrium was attained after 90 min and the experimental data followed a pseudo-second order model suggesting a chemisorption process as the rate limiting step. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) species on PAN-NH2 was facilitated through both electrostatic attraction and surface complexation. High desorption efficiency (> 90%) of Cr(VI) was achieved using diluted base solutions that may allow the reuse of PAN-NH2 nanofibers.
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| 4. |
- Bergqvist, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Atomistic spin dynamics of low-dimensional magnets
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the magnetic properties of a range of low-dimensional ferromagnets using a combination of first-principles calculations and atomistic spin dynamics simulations. This approach allows us to evaluate the ground state and finite temperature properties of experimentally well characterized systems such as Co/Cu(111), Co/Cu(001), Fe/Cu(001) and Fe/W(110), for different thicknesses of the magnetic layer. We compare our calculated spin wave spectra with experimental data available in the literature, and find a good quantitative agreement. We also predict magnon spectra for systems for which no experimental data exist at the moment, and estimate the role of temperature effects.
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| 5. |
- Burgman, A., et al.
(författare)
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The ESSnuSB Design Study: Overview and Future Prospects
- 2023
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Ingår i: Universe. - : MDPI. - 2218-1997. ; 9:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ESSnuSB is a design study for an experiment to measure the CP violation in the leptonic sector at the second neutrino oscillation maximum using a neutrino beam driven by the uniquely powerful ESS linear accelerator. The reduced impact of systematic errors on sensitivity at the second maximum allows for a very precise measurement of the CP violating parameter. This review describes the fundamental advantages of measurement at the second maximum, the necessary upgrades to the ESS linac in order to produce a neutrino beam, the near and far detector complexes, and the expected physics reach of the proposed ESSnuSB experiment, concluding with the near future developments aimed at the project realization.
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| 6. |
- Burgman, A., et al.
(författare)
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The European Spallation Source neutrino super-beam conceptual design report
- 2022
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Ingår i: The European Physical Journal Special Topics. - : Springer Nature. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 231:21, s. 3779-3955
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A design study, named ESSνSB for European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam, has been carried out during the years 2018–2022 of how the 5 MW proton linear accelerator of the European Spallation Source under construction in Lund, Sweden, can be used to produce the world’s most intense long-baseline neutrino beam. The high beam intensity will allow for measuring the neutrino oscillations near the second oscillation maximum at which the CP violation signal is close to three times higher than at the first maximum, where other experiments measure. This will enable CP violation discovery in the leptonic sector for a wider range of values of the CP violating phase δCPδCP and, in particular, a higher precision measurement of δCPδCP. The present Conceptual Design Report describes the results of the design study of the required upgrade of the ESS linac, of the accumulator ring used to compress the linac pulses from 2.86 ms to 1.2 μs, and of the target station, where the 5 MW proton beam is used to produce the intense neutrino beam. It also presents the design of the near detector, which is used to monitor the neutrino beam as well as to measure neutrino cross sections, and of the large underground far detector located 360 km from ESS, where the magnitude of the oscillation appearance of νe from νμ is measured. The physics performance of the ESSνSB research facility has been evaluated demonstrating that after 10 years of data-taking, leptonic CP violation can be detected with more than 5 standard deviation significance over 70% of the range of values that the CP violation phase angle δCPδCP can take and that δCPδCP can be measured with a standard error less than 8° irrespective of the measured value of δCPδCP. These results demonstrate the uniquely high physics performance of the proposed ESSνSBESSνSB research facility.
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| 7. |
- Burks, Terrance, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Studies on the adsorption of chromium(VI) onto 3-Mercaptopropionic acid coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 425, s. 36-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromium (Cr) in the form of Cr(VI) is deemed toxic in water due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. For the successful removal of Cr(VI), we demonstrate a novel adsorbent consisting of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) functionalized with 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the functionalization of nanoparticles and presence of sulfonate groups. Batch adsorption experiments showed that the functionalized adsorbent recovered 45 mg of Cr(VI)/g of 3-MPA coated SPION at initial concentration of 50 mg/L aqueous solution at pH 1 with less than 1% of Fe dissolution from SPION. The results from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that Cr(VI) chemisorbed onto the adsorbent. Hence, the XPS spectra did not indicate any reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) upon adsorption. The adsorption data were better fitted for the Freundlich model. Moreover, the Cr(VI) adsorption kinetics on functionalized SPION followed a pseudo-second order rate, revealing chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. The high Cr(VI) removal, rapid adsorption kinetics and stability of adsorbent indicate that 3-MPA coated SPION could be an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI). (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Cabrera Pacheco, A. J., et al.
(författare)
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Asymptotically flat extensions of CMC Bartnik data
- 2017
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Ingår i: Classical and quantum gravity. - : Institute of Physics Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 34:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Let g be a metric on the 2-sphere with positive Gaussian curvature and H be a positive constant. Under suitable conditions on (g, H), we construct smooth, asymptotically flat 3-manifolds M with non-negative scalar curvature, with outer-minimizing boundary isometric to and having mean curvature H, such that near infinity M is isometric to a spatial Schwarzschild manifold whose mass m can be made arbitrarily close to a constant multiple of the Hawking mass of . Moreover, this constant multiplicative factor depends only on (g, H) and tends to 1 as H tends to 0. The result provides a new upper bound of the Bartnik mass associated with such boundary data.
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| 9. |
- Chico, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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First-principles studies of the Gilbert damping and exchange interactions for half-metallic Heuslers alloys
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 93:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heusler alloys have been intensively studied due to the wide variety of properties that they exhibit. One of these properties is of particular interest for technological applications, i.e., the fact that some Heusler alloys are half-metallic. In the following, a systematic study of the magnetic properties of three different Heusler families Co(2)MnZ, Co(2)FeZ, and Mn(2)VZ with Z = (Al, Si, Ga, Ge) is performed. A key aspect is the determination of the Gilbert damping from first-principles calculations, with special focus on the role played by different approximations, the effect that substitutional disorder and temperature effects. Heisenberg exchange interactions and critical temperature for the alloys are also calculated as well as magnon dispersion relations for representative systems, the ferromagnetic Co2FeSi and the ferrimagnetic Mn2VAl. Correlation effects beyond standard density-functional theory are treated using both the local spin density approximation including the Hubbard U and the local spin density approximation plus dynamical mean field theory approximation, which allows one to determine if dynamical self-energy corrections can remedy some of the inconsistencies which were previously reported for these alloys.
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| 10. |
- Chico, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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Thermally driven domain-wall motion in Fe on W(110)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 90:1, s. 014434-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has recently been shown that domain walls (DWs) in ferromagnets can be moved in the presence of thermal gradients. In this work we study the motion of narrow domain walls in low-dimensional systems when subjected to thermal gradients. The system chosen is a monolayer of Fe on W(110) which is known to exhibit a large anisotropy while having a soft exchange, resulting in a very narrow domain wall. The study is performed by means of atomistic spin dynamics simulations coupled to first-principles calculations. By subjecting this system to thermal gradients we observe a temperature-dependent movement of the domain wall. The thermal gradient always makes the domain wall move towards the hotter region of the sample with a velocity proportional to the gradient. Our material specific study is complemented by model simulations to discern the interplay between the thermal gradient, magnetic anisotropy, and the exchange interaction and shows that the larger DW velocities are found for materials with broader domain-wall width. The relatively slow DW motion of the Fe/W(110) system is hence primarily caused by its narrow domain-wall width, which results from its large magnetic anisotropy and soft exchange
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