| 1. |
- Dada, Shakila, et al.
(författare)
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A review of interventions for children and youth with severe disabilities in inclusive education
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cogent Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2331-186X. ; 10:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with severe disabilities are often excluded from educational opportunities due to inter alia attitudinal barriers and a lack of teacher training. This scoping review paper assessed intervention studies focused on inclusive education for children with severe disabilities. It was found that a total of 13 studies met the review's inclusion criteria. The results revealed a paucity of literature and highlighted five main areas of focus in the available intervention studies. The majority of intervention studies were found to be focused on increasing engagement, reducing behaviours and improving social inclusion as outcomes. There was limited focus on studies focusing on the improvement of academic outcomes.
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| 2. |
- Danielsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Trajectories of Mental Health Problems in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. - : Springer. - 1056-263X .- 1573-3580. ; 36, s. 203-242
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- To review the longitudinal trajectories - and the factors influencing their development - of mental health problems in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Systematic review methods were employed. Searches of six databases used keywords and MeSH terms related to children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, mental health problems, and longitudinal research. After the removal of duplicates, reviewers independently screened records for inclusion, extracted data (outcomes and influencing factors), and evaluated the risk of bias. Findings were tabulated and synthesized using graphs and a narrative. Searches identified 94,662 unique records, from which 49 publications were included. The median publication year was 2015. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were the most commonly included population in retrieved studies. In almost 50% of studies, trajectories of mental health problems changed by < 10% between the first and last time point. Despite multiple studies reporting longitudinal trajectories of mental health problems, greater conceptual clarity and consideration of the measures included in research is needed, along with the inclusion of a more diverse range of populations of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities.
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| 3. |
- Hendriks, Jeroen, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac disease and stroke : Practical implications for personalised care in cardiac-stroke patients. A state of the art review supported by the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 19:6, s. 495-504
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiac and stroke conditions often coexist because of common risk factors. The occurrence of stroke may have significant consequences for patients with cardiac conditions and their caregivers and poses a major burden on their lives. Although both cardiac and stroke conditions are highly prevalent, primary stroke prevention in cardiac patients is crucial to avert disabling limitations or even mortality. In addition, specific interventions may be needed in the rehabilitation and follow-up of these patients. However, healthcare systems are often fragmented and are not integrated enough to provide specifically structured and individualised management for the cardiac-stroke patient. Cardiac rehabilitation or secondary prevention services are crucial from this perspective, although referral and attendance rates are often suboptimal. This state of the art review outlines the significance of primary stroke prevention in cardiac patients, highlights specific challenges that cardiac-stroke patients and their caregivers may experience, examines the availability of and need for structured, personalised care, and describes potential implications for consideration in daily practice.
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| 4. |
- Holmström, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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The relation between patient-centeredness and patient empowerment : a discussion on concepts
- 2010
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 79:2, s. 167-172
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The concepts of patient-centeredness and patient empowerment offer opportunities for patients to increase their autonomy and involvement in their care and treatment. However, these concepts appear to be understood in different ways by professional groups involved in healthcare and research. To optimize understanding there is a need to create a common language. To explore and compare the concepts of patient-centeredness and patient empowerment, and clarify a possible relationship between the two from the perspective of the encounter between patients and their healthcare providers. Methods: Concept analysis approach in which the concepts are compared based on literature review. Results: Patient-centeredness can be the goal of an encounter between patient and caregiver. As a process, it is of great value in the process of patient empowerment. Patient empowerment appears to be broader than patient-centeredness, and may place greater demands on caregivers and the organisation of healthcare. Conclusion: Patient-centeredness and patient empowerment are complementary concepts which do not oppose one-another. Patient empowerment can be achieved by patient-centeredness, but patients can also empower themselves. Practice implications: Clarification of patient-centeredness and patient empowerment can facilitate their use by those involved in healthcare, improve the quality of healthcare, and aid future research. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Höglander, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Registered nurse-patient communication research : An integrative review for future directions in nursing research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : WILEY. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo explore communication research in nursing by investigating the theoretical approaches, methods, content and perspectives in research on real-time registered nurse (RN)-patient communication. DesignAn integrative review of real-time communication between RNs and patients. Data SourcesEmpirical research papers were searched in PubMed, CINAHL Plus and Medline. The results from the database searches were supplemented with results from manual searches in reference lists. Review MethodsA total of 1369 articles published between January 1996 and December 2021 were screened, which resulted in the inclusion of 52 articles. ResultsThe integration of various theories, such as nursing or communication theories, is weak in most of the included studies. RN-patient communication appears to influence relationship building. Even when nurses strive to meet patients' needs, they often focus primarily on nursing routines and physical care. The topic of the communication varies depending on the situation and different communication styles are used. When a patient-centred approach is adopted, the interpersonal communication becomes quite symmetrical, with complementary roles of nurses and patients. Within a more asymmetric communication context, nurses dominate communication, choose topics and function as instructors. How the nurses communicated subsequently influenced the patients' communication styles and strategies. ConclusionCommunication is multifaceted, contains different strategies and is important for building trust and facilitating patient-centred care. The importance of RNs' communication for interaction and relationship-building seems to be well established within research, but few studies focused on patients' communication with RNs. ImpactThis integrative review gives an overview of the width and depth of observational studies on RN-patient communication research. The variety of studies indicates that this area is a less well-grounded field of research. Future research is warranted to support nurses in their communication, especially regarding the exploration of patients' communication and desired communication skills in nurse-patient interactions. Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution was included in this integrative review.
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| 6. |
- Kaminsky, Elenor, et al.
(författare)
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Telephone Nursing in Sweden : a narrative literature review
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nursing and Health Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1441-0745 .- 1442-2018. ; 19:3, s. 278-286
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- elephone nursing services are expanding globally. Swedish Healthcare Direct is the largest healthcare provider in Sweden. This paper provides a comprehensive understanding of telephone nursing, as reflected by research on Swedish national telephone nursing, and discusses the findings in relation to international literature. A descriptive, mixed-studies literature review was conducted. Twenty-four articles from January 2003 to April 2015 were identified from PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL, and included. The issues explored in this study are how telephone nursing is perceived by callers, telephone nurses, and managers, and what characterizes such calls. Callers value reassurance, support, respect and satisfaction and involvement in decisions can increase their adherence. The telephone nurses' perspective focused on problems and ethical dilemmas, communication, the decision support tool, and working tasks. The managers' perspective focused on nursing work goals and malpractice claims. Concerning call characteristics, authentic calls, incident reports, and threats to patient safety were considered. Telephone nursing seems safe, but gender can play a role in calls. Future research on caller access, equity, and efficiency, healthcare cost-effectiveness, distribution, and patient safety is needed.
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding anesthesia training and trainees
- 2012
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0952-7907 .- 1473-6500. ; 25:6, s. 681-685
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review: Patient safety is topical today. Competent professionals are necessary to keep anesthesia care safe, and teaching trainees is an important element in safety work. The purpose of this review is to present the latest research on anesthesia training and trainees.Recent findings: Most trainees of today aim for excellence, for which personal qualities are as important as knowledge and skills. The definition of excellence is the first subject covered here. Trainees of today can train many procedural skills in a simulators setting, a step forward for patient safety. Several studies about simulator training are reported. A dimension of competence that has received much attention during the last years is anesthesiologists' nontechnical skills. Studies on anesthesiologists' nontechnical skills as a valuable tool for assessing trainees' progress in nontechnical skills are presented.Summary: Much research about anesthesia training concerns simulator training and assessment of trainees' competence. More research is needed to understand the process of learning anesthesia.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
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Gene-environment interaction of monoamine oxidase A in relation to antisocial behaviour : current and future directions.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-9564 .- 1435-1463. ; 125:11, s. 1601-1626
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the pioneering finding of Caspi and co-workers in 2002 that exposure to childhood maltreatment predicted later antisocial behaviour (ASB) in male carriers of the low-activity MAOA-uVNTR allele, frequent replication studies have been published. Two meta-analyses, one in 2006 and the other in 2014, confirmed the original findings by Caspi and co-workers. In the present paper, we review the literature, note some methodological aspects of candidate gene–environment interaction (cG×E) studies and suggest some future directions. Our conclusions are as follows. (1) The direction of the effect in a cG×E model may differ according to the positive and negative environmental background of the population. (2) There is a predictor-intersection problem such that when measuring one type of maltreatment in a person, other kinds of maltreatment often co-occur. Other forms of abuse are implicitly considered in statistical models; therefore, it is difficult to draw conclusions about the effects of timing and the severity of different forms of stressful life events in relation to ASB. (3) There is also an outcome-intersection problem because of the major intersection of ASB and other forms of mental health problems. It is likely that the G×E with MAOA is related to a common unmeasured factor. (4) For the G×E model, in which the effect of the gene on the outcome variable is dependent on other predictor variables, theoretically, hypothesis-driven statistical modelling is needed.
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| 9. |
- Ntini, Iordana, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale – self-assessment for use in adolescents : an evaluation of psychometric and diagnostic accuracy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 74:6, s. 415-422
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Montgomery-angstrom sberg Depression Rating Scale - Self Assessment (MADRS-S) is used to assess symptom severity in major depressive disorder (MDD) among adolescents, but its psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy are unclear.Aim: The aim of this study was to explore psychometric properties, including diagnostic accuracy, of the MADRS-S in adolescent psychiatric outpatients.Method: Adolescent psychiatric outpatients (N = 105, mean age 16 years, 46 boys) completed the MADRS-S and were interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS).Results: In principal component analysis, two components with eigenvalues of 4.6 and 1.3 explained 51.1% and 14.4% of the variance, respectively. On the first component loaded items assessing Mood, Feelings of unease, Appetite, Initiative, Pessimism, and Zest for life. On the second component loaded items assessing Sleep, Ability to concentrate, and Emotional involvement. Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency) for all items was 0.87. Spearman's rho was 0.68 for concurrent validity (correlation between total MADRS-S-score and K-SADS MDD severity score). In receiver-operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve was 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.78-0.93, p < .001). For all the participants, the highest combined sensitivity and specificity were reached using cut-offs of 15 and 16 (sensitivity 0.82, specificity 0.86). Optimizing sensitivity for MDD, with specificity still >= 0.5, cut off for all was 9, for boys 7 and for girls 10.Conclusion: Psychometric properties of MADRS-S showed good reliability and validity as well as satisfying diagnostic accuracy, indicating good to excellent properties for MDD screening of adolescent psychiatric patients.
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| 10. |
- Olsson, Annakarin, et al.
(författare)
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A scoping review of complexity science in nursing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 76:8, s. 1961-1976
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Aim To describe how complexity science has been integrated into nursing.Design: A scoping review. Data source/review method Academic Search Elite, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed and Web of Science were searched November 2016, updated in October 2017 and January 2020. The working process included: problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, synthesizing and presentation. Results Four categories were found in the included 89 articles: 1) how complexity science is integrated into the nursing literature in relation to nursing education and teaching; 2) patients? symptoms, illness outcome and safety as characteristics of complexity science in nursing; 3) that leaders and managers should see organizations as complex and adaptive systems, rather than as linear machines; and 4) the need for a novel approach to studying complex phenomena such as healthcare organizations. Lastly, the literature explains how complexity science has been incorporated into the discourse in nursing and its development.Conclusion: The review provided strong support for use in complexity science in the contemporary nursing literature. Complexity science is also highly applicable and relevant to clinical nursing practice and nursing management from an organizational perspective. The application of complexity science as a tool in the analysis of complex nursing systems could improve our understanding of effective interactions among patients, families, physicians and hospital and skilled nursing facility staff as well as of education.Impact: Understanding complexity science in relation to the key role of nurses in the healthcare environment can improve nursing work and nursing theory development. The use of complexity science provides nurses with a language that liberates them from the reductionist view on nursing education, practice and management.
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