| 1. |
- Ali, Mohamed Atiya, et al.
(författare)
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Polyamines : total daily intake in adolescents compared to the intake estimated from the Swedish Nutrition Recommendations Objectified (SNO)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Food & Nutrition Research. - : SNF Swedish Nutrition Foundation. - 1654-6628 .- 1654-661X. ; 55, s. 5455-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dietary polyamines have been shown to give a significant contribution to the body pool of polyamines. Knowing the levels of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) in different foods and the contribution of daily food choice to polyamine intake is of interest, due to the association of these bioactive amines to health and disease. Objective: To estimate polyamine intake and food contribution to this intake in adolescents compared to a diet fulfilling the Swedish Nutrition Recommendations. Design: A cross-sectional study of dietary intake in adolescents and an 'ideal diet' (Swedish nutrition recommendations objectified [SNO]) list of foods was used to compute polyamine intake using a database of polyamine contents of foods. For polyamine intake estimation, 7-day weighed food records collected from 93 adolescents were entered into dietetic software (Dietist XP) including data on polyamine contents of foods. The content of polyamines in foods recommended according to SNO was entered in the same way. Results: The adolescents' mean daily polyamine intake was 316 +/- 170 mu mol/day, while the calculated contribution according to SNO was considerably higher with an average polyamine intake of 541 mu mol/day. In both adolescent's intake and SNO, fruits contributed to almost half of the total polyamine intake. The reason why the intake among the adolescents was lower than the one calculated from SNO was mainly due to the low vegetable consumption in the adolescents group. Conclusions: The average daily total polyamine intake was similar to that previously reported in Europe. With an 'ideal' diet according to Swedish nutrition recommendations, the intake of this bioactive non-nutrient would be higher than that reported by our adolescents and also higher than that previously reported from Europe.
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| 2. |
- Ali, Mohamed Atiya, et al.
(författare)
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Polyamines in foods : development of a food database
- 2011
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Ingår i: Food & Nutrition Research. - : SNF Swedish Nutrition Foundation. - 1654-6628 .- 1654-661X. ; 55, s. 5572-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Knowing the levels of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) in different foods is of interest due to the association of these bioactive nutrients to health and diseases. There is a lack of relevant information on their contents in foods. Objective: To develop a food polyamine database from published data by which polyamine intake and food contribution to this intake can be estimated, and to determine the levels of polyamines in Swedish dairy products. Design: Extensive literature search and laboratory analysis of selected Swedish dairy products. Polyamine contents in foods were collected using an extensive literature search of databases. Polyamines in different types of Swedish dairy products (milk with different fat percentages, yogurt, cheeses, and sour milk) were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a UV detector. Results: Fruits and cheese were the highest sources of putrescine, while vegetables and meat products were found to be rich in spermidine and spermine, respectively. The content of polyamines in cheese varied considerably between studies. In analyzed Swedish dairy products, matured cheese had the highest total polyamine contents with values of 52.3, 1.2, and 2.6 mg/kg for putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, respectively. Low fat milk had higher putrescine and spermidine, 1.2 and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively, than the other types of milk. Conclusions: The database aids other researchers in their quest for information regarding polyamine intake from foods. Connecting the polyamine contents in food with the Swedish Food Database allows for estimation of polyamine contents per portion.
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| 3. |
- Der Ananian, Cheryl, et al.
(författare)
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Trajectories and predictors of steps in a worksite intervention : ASUKI-step
- 2015
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Ingår i: Health Behavior & Policy Review. - : Paris Scholar Publishing Ltd.. - 2326-4403. ; 2:1, s. 46-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: We evaluated the trajectory of steps over time, success in walking 10,000 steps/day for 100 days, and socio-demographic predictors of success in a pedometer-based intervention (ASUKI-Step).Methods: A single-group, pre-post quasi-experimental design was used. Participants were university employees in Arizona (N = 712) and Sweden (N = 1390). Linear growth models and logistic regression were used to assess the trajectories of change in steps and the predictors of meeting the step standard, respectively.Results: Linear and curvilinear changes in steps occurred over time with individual variation in the trajectories of change (p < .01). Half of the participants (52.9%) accumulated 10,000 steps for 100 days. No changes were observed for accelerometer-derived minutes of activity.Conclusions: Individually tailoring pedometer-based interventions may enhance success.
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| 4. |
- Der Ananian, Cheryl, et al.
(författare)
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TRAJECTORIES AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PREDICTORS OF STEPS IN A WORKSITE INTERVENTION : ASUKI-STEP
- 2015
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Ingår i: Annals of Behavioral Medicine. - New York : Springer. - 0883-6612 .- 1532-4796. ; 49, s. S170-S170
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Promoting physical activity (PA) through worksite wellness programs may help decrease physical inactivity in adults. Purpose: This study examined the effects of a pedometer-based intervention (ASUKI-Step) on (1) trajectories of step counts over time; (2) the proportion of individuals who accumulated at least 10,000 steps per day for a minimum of 100 days; and (3) trajectories of accelerometer-determined PA over time in a sub-set of individuals. We also examined the sociodemographic characteristics associated with each outcome. Methods: ASUKI-Step was a 6-month, pedometer-based intervention offered to employees at Arizona State University (n=712) and the Karolinska Institutet (n=1390). The intervention was grounded in the theory of social support and participants enrolled in teams of 3-4 individuals to promote social support. Trajectories of change in PA were evaluated using a single-group, pre-post quasi-experimental design. Linear growth models were used to assess trajectories of change in and predictors of pedometer-based and accelerometer-determined PA. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the proportion of individuals who met 10,000 steps per day for at least 100 days. Results: There was a significant linear (t = -20.76, p =.001) and curvilinear change in steps over time (t = 7.65, p = 0.001). Steps declined over the six months and there was significant individual variation in the trajectory of change. Men had a greater decline in steps over time while increased age was associated with a slower decline in steps over time (p < 0.05). Overall, 52.9% (n = 1105) of the participants accumulated 10,000 steps on at least 100 days of the study. Older age, being married, working in a non-managerial position, having a normal body weight, and higher initial PA level were positively associated with meeting the step goal (p <0.05). Finally, in the subset of individuals for whom we had accelerometer-derived PA levels (n=226), there were no changes over time in minutes of physical inactivity, light activity, moderate lifestyle or moderate activity. Conclusions: Findings suggest that a low-intensity, pedometer-based intervention can work with some segments of the typical office population but a more intensive intervention may be needed for individuals who are sedentary or overweight.
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| 5. |
- Ekelund, Ulf, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Heart rate as an indicator of the intensity of physical activity in human adolescents
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 85:3-4, s. 244-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were, in a group of adolescents, firstly to identify the absolute heart rates (HR) and the percentages of maximal heart rates (HRmax) corresponding to 40%, 60% and 80% of peak oxygen uptake (PVO2), secondly to identify absolute and relative (%PVO2) oxygen uptakes (VO2) corresponding to HR of 120, 140 and 160 beats.min-1, and thirdly to examine a possible effect of fatness and fitness on the relationship between HR and VO2. The subjects were 127 (60 boys, 67 girls) adolescents with a mean age of 14.8 (SD 0.3) years. The HR and VO2 were measured by means of an incremental exercise test to exhaustion. Linear regressions were performed for the HR-VO2 and VO2-HR relationships using absolute and relative (%HRmax, %PVO2) data for each individual. From these regressions, target HR and VO2 were computed. Average target HR corresponding to 40%, 60% and 80% of PVO2 were: 119 (SD 9), 145 (SD 9), 171 (SD 8), and 120 (SD 10), 146 (SD 8), 172 (SD 8) beats.min-1 for boys and girls, respectively. Average VO2 corresponding to HR of 120, 140 and 160 beats.min-1 were: 22 (SD 5), 30 (SD 5), 38 (SD 6) and 18 (SD 4), 24 (SD 4), 31 (SD 4) mlO2.kg-1.min-1 for boys and girls, respectively. An analysis of covariance showed a significant fitness effect (P < 0.001) for predicted VO2 at all HR studied. The results suggest that the use of absolute HR to define exercise intensity levels when assessing young people's physical activity using HR monitoring detracts from the validity of the interpretation of the data.
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| 6. |
- Ekelund, Ulf, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity assessed by activity monitor and doubly labeled water in children
- 2001
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 33:2, s. 275-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To validate the Computer Science and Application's (CSA) activity monitor for assessment of the total amount of physical activity during two school-weeks in 9-yr-old children and to develop equations to predict total energy expenditure (TEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) from activity counts and anthropometric variables.METHODS: A total of 26 children (15 boys and 11 girls, mean age 9.1 +/- 0.3 yr) were monitored for 14 consecutive days. TEE was simultaneously measured by the doubly labeled water method. Averaged activity counts (counts.min(-1)) were compared with data on: 1) TEE, 2) AEE = TEE minus basal metabolic rate (BMR; estimated from predictive equations), and 3) daily physical activity level (PAL = TEE/BMR).RESULTS: Physical activity determined by activity counts was significantly related to the data on energy expenditures: TEE (r = 0.39; P < 0.05), AEE (r = 0.54; P < 0.01), and PAL (r = 0.58; P < 0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that TEE was significantly influenced by gender, body composition (body weight or fat free mass), and activity counts (R(2) = 0.54--0.60). AEE was significantly influenced by activity counts and gender (R(2) = 0.45). There were no significant differences between activity counts and PAL in discriminating among activity levels with "low" (PAL < 1.56), "moderate" (1.57 < or = PAL > or = 1.81), and "high" (PAL > 1.81) intensity.CONCLUSION: Activity counts from the CSA activity monitor seems to be a useful measure of the total amount of physical activity in 9-yr-old children. Activity counts contributed significantly to the explained variation in TEE and was the best predictor of AEE.
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| 7. |
- Ekelund, Ulf, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity in relation to aerobic fitness and body fat in 14- to 15-year-old boys and girls
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 85:3-4, s. 195-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine the strength of the relationship between different variables of physical activity and aerobic fitness and body fat in adolescent boys and girls. Activity energy expenditure (AEE), time spent in a sedentary state, and time spent engaged in moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA, > or = 50% peak oxygen uptake, VO2peak) were assessed by the minute-by-minute heart rate monitoring method in 82 randomly selected 14- to 15-year olds (42 boys, 40 girls). Body fat was determined by measuring skinfold thicknesses. VO2peak was measured by indirect calorimetry. Somatic maturity level was determined by percentages of adult (i.e. 18 years) height attained at examination. AEE was related to aerobic fitness for both genders (boys, r = 0.30, P = 0.056; girls, r = 0.45, P = 0.003). For boys, there was a significant relationship between maturity level and VO2peak (r = 0.48, P < 0.001). For both genders, body fat was significantly and negatively related to VO2peak (r = -0.48 and r = -0.43, P < 0.01). Body fat and maturity explained 47% of the variation in VO2peak in boys, whereas AEE and body fat explained 22% of the variation in VO2peak in girls. No significant associations between physical activity variables and the data on body fat were observed. The total amount of physical activity (AEE) was related to VO2peak, at least in adolescent girls. Although VO2peak seems to be influenced by the maturity level in adolescent boys, the data support the promotion of a daily active lifestyle among young people.
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| 8. |
- Lynch, Christel, et al.
(författare)
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Fruit and vegetable consumption in a sample of 11-year-old children in ten European countries : the PRO GREENS cross-sectional survey
- 2014
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 17:11, s. 2436-2444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe fruit and vegetable intake of 11-year-old children in ten European countries and compare it with current dietary guidelines.DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. Intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire containing a pre-coded 24 h recall and an FFQ which were completed in the classroom. Portion sizes were calculated using a standardized protocol.SETTING: Surveys were performed in schools regionally selected in eight countries and nationally representative in two countries.SUBJECTS: A total of 8158 children from 236 schools across Europe participating in the PRO GREENS project.RESULTS: The total mean consumption of fruit and vegetables was between 220 and 345 g/d in the ten participating countries. Mean intakes did not reach the WHO population goal of ≥400 g/d in any of the participating countries. Girls had a significantly higher intake of total fruit and vegetables than boys in five of the countries (Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Bulgaria and Slovenia). Mean total fruit intake ranged between 114 and 240 g/d and vegetable intake between 73 and 141 g/d. When using the level ≥400 g/d as a cut-off, only 23·5 % (13·8-37·0 %) of the studied children, depending on country and gender, met the WHO recommendation (fruit juice excluded).CONCLUSIONS: Fruit and vegetable consumption was below recommended levels among the schoolchildren in all countries and vegetable intake was lower than fruit intake. The survey shows that there is a need for promotional activities to improve fruit and vegetable consumption in this age group.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Sjöström, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Diet and physical activity - interactions for health : public health nutrition in the European perspective
- 1999
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 2:3A, s. 453-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the majority of European adults, who neither smoke nor drink excessively, the most significant controllable risk factors affecting their long-term health are what they eat, and how physically active they are.Scientists are supposed to clarify to policy makers and health professionals the usefulness of their health messages. However, to be able to do that, a more detailed understanding is needed of the basic mechanisms behind the effects on health of diet and physical activity and, especially, the two in combination. Further, better methods for assessment of nutrition and physical activity in the population have to be developed, and more and better baseline data have to be collected. Increased and more efficient interventions are then needed. People trained and competent in the new discipline of Public Health Nutrition are required.Through the stimulating support that the European Commission, as well as other national and international partners, are presently giving to the development of Public Health Nutrition across Europe, we can hope for an increased mobility, networking and understanding between European nutrition and physical activity professionals. This will most likely result in greater and better policy making, strategy development, implementation and evaluation. We now have a great possibility to develop the integrated field of preventive nutrition and health enhancing physical activity.
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