| 1. |
- Edvardsson Björnberg, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Climate and environmental science denial : A review of the scientific literature published in 1990-2015
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 167, s. 229-241
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denial of scientific findings is neither a new nor an unexplored phenomenon. In the area of environmental science and policy though, the research on denial has not been systematically summarized and analyzed. This article reviews 161 scientific articles on environmental and climate science denial published in peer reviewed international journals in the last 25 years and aims to both identify research gaps and enable learning on the phenomenon. Such knowledge is needed for the increasingly important task to provide effective response to science denial, in order to put an end to its influence on environmental policy making. The review, which is based on articles found in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and Philosopher's Index, shows that denial by far is most studied in relation to climate change, with a focus on Anglo-American countries, where this form of denial is most common. Other environmental issues and other geographical areas have received much less scientific attention. While the actors behind climate science denial, their various motives and the characteristics of their operations have been thoroughly described, more comparative research between issues and countries is needed in order to draw reliable conclusions about the factors explaining the peculiarities of denial. This may in turn lay the ground for developing and actually testing the effectiveness and efficiency of strategies to counter environmental science denial. Irrespective of the ambitions of environmental goals, science-based policies are always preferable. The scientific community therefore needs to increase its efforts to dismantle false claims and to disclose the schemes of denialists.
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| 2. |
- Engblom, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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On diffuse interface modeling and simulation of surfactants in two-phase fluid flow
- 2013
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Ingår i: Communications in Computational Physics. - : Global Science Press. - 1815-2406 .- 1991-7120. ; 14:4, s. 879-915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An existing phase-fieldmodel of two immiscible fluids with a single soluble surfactant present is discussed in detail. We analyze the well-posedness of the model and provide strong evidence that it is mathematically ill-posed for a large set of physically relevant parameters. As a consequence, critical modifications to the model are suggested that substantially increase the domain of validity. Carefully designed numerical simulations offer informative demonstrations as to the sharpness of our theoretical results and the qualities of the physical model. A fully coupled hydrodynamic test-case demonstrates the potential to capture also non-trivial effects on the overall flow.
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| 3. |
- Green, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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User centered design for intelligent service robots
- 2000
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Ingår i: IEEE RO-MAN 2000. - Piscataway : IEEE. - 078036273X ; , s. 161-166, s. 161-166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the development of a fetch-and-carry robot to assist physically impaired people in an office environment. Different methods involving users are employed in the project, including the task analysis, Hi-Fi simulation trials and focus group sessions. Through an iterative design process, a prototype robot system has been developed, with an enhanced robot platform including a graphical user interface and natural language interface. The users' need for continuous feedback from the robot has led to the development of an animated character (CERO), which relates the two interface components and indicates the robot's current state by using simple gestures
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| 4. |
- Günther-Hanssen, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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How does Gendering Matter in Preschool Science : Emergent Science, ‘Neutral’ Environments and Gendering Processes in Preschool
- 2020
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Ingår i: Gender and Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0954-0253 .- 1360-0516. ; 32:5, s. 608-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- his article explores gendered processes in preschool science through Barad’s agential realism [2007. Meeting the Universe Halfway. Quantum Physics of the Entanglement of Matter and Meaning. London: Duke Universal Press], and as such, the study makes both theoretical and empirical contributions in how it combines perspectives from emergent science [Siraj-Blatchford, J. 2001. Emergent Science and Technology in the Early Years.” Paper presented at the XXIII World Congress of OMEP. Santiago, Chile, August 3], new materialism, and gender theory. Empirically, the study makes use of data constructed during a field study in a Swedish preschool with five-year-old children. The focus of the field study was the children’s play and explorations together with the preschool environment, during activities not specifically guided by teachers. The analysis highlights how the children’s identities and scientific explorations are made possible as well as constrained together with the preschool’s material-discursive environment. As such, the study demonstrates how teachers cannot rely on any environment, activity, choice or subject content to be (gender) neutral.
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| 5. |
- Gustafsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Direct and indirect effects of the fungicide azoxystrobin in outdoor brackish water microcosms
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ecotoxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0963-9292 .- 1573-3017. ; 19:2, s. 431-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of the strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin were studied in brackish water microcosms, with natural plankton communities and sediment. Two experiments were conducted: Experiment 1 (nominal conc. 0, 15 and 60 mu g/L, 24-L outdoor microcosms for 21 days) and a second, follow-up, Experiment 2 (nominal conc. 0, 3, 7.5, 15 mu g/L, 4-L indoor microcosms for 12 days). The microcosms represent a simplified brackish water community found in shallow semi-enclosed coastal areas in agricultural districts in the Baltic Sea region. Measured water concentrations of the fungicide (Experiment 1) were, on average, 83 and 62% of nominal concentrations directly after application, and 25 and 30% after 21 days, for the low and high dose treatments, respectively, corresponding to mean DT50-values of 15.1 and 25.8 days, for low and high dose treatments, respectively. In Experiment 1, direct toxic effects on calanoid copepods at both test concentrations were observed. Similarly, in Experiment 2, the copepod abundance was significantly reduced at all tested concentrations. There were also significant secondary effects on zooplankton and phytoplankton community structure, standing stocks and primary production. Very few ecotoxicological studies have investigated effects of plant protection products on Baltic organisms in general and effects on community structure and function specifically. Our results show that azoxystrobin is toxic to brackish water copepods at considerably lower concentrations than previously reported from single species tests on freshwater crustaceans, and that direct toxic effects on this ecologically important group may lead to cascade effects altering lower food webs and ecosystem functioning.
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| 6. |
- Juslin, Patrik N, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Feedback learning of musical expressivity
- 2004
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Ingår i: Musical excellence - Strategies and techniques to enhance performance. - New York : Oxford University Press. - 0198525346 ; , s. 247-270
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communication of emotion is of fundamental importance to the performance of music. However, recent research indicates that expressive aspects of performance are neglected in music education, with teachers spending more time and effort on technical aspects. Moreover, traditional strategies for teaching expressivity rarely provide informative feedback to the performer. In this chapter we explore the nature of expressivity in music performance and evaluate novel methods for teaching expressivity based on recent advances in musical science, psychology, technology, and acoustics. First, we provide a critical discussion of traditional views on expressivity, and dispel some of the myths that surround the concept of expressivity. Then, we propose a revised view of expressivity based on modern research. Finally, a new and empirically based approach to learning expressivity termed cognitive feedback is described and evaluated. The goal of cognitive feedback is to allow the performer to compare a model of his or her playing to an “optimal” model based on listeners’ judgments of expressivity. This method is being implemented in user-friendly software, which is evaluated in collaboration with musicians and music teachers.
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| 7. |
- Juslin, Patrik N, et al.
(författare)
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Play it again with feeling : Computer feedback in musical communication of emotions
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of experimental psychology. Applied. - 1076-898X .- 1939-2192. ; 12:2, s. 79-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communication of emotions is of crucial importance in music performance. Yet research has suggested that this skill is neglected in music education. This article presents and evaluates a computer program that automatically analyzes music performances and provides feedback to musicians in order to enhance their communication of emotions. Thirty-six semiprofessional jazz/rock guitar players were randomly assigned to one of 3 conditions: (1) feedback from the computer program, (2) feedback from music teachers, and (3) repetition without feedback. Performance measures revealed the greatest improvement in communication accuracy for the computer program, but usability measures indicated that certain aspects of the program could be improved. Implications for music education are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Knaust, Stefan, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of flow rate, temperature and pressure on multiphase flows of supercritical carbon dioxide and water using multivariate partial least square regression
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0960-1317 .- 1361-6439. ; 25:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) is often used to replace harmful solvents and can dissolve a wide range of organic compounds. With a favorable critical point at 31 degrees C and 7.4 MPa, reaching above the critical point for scCO(2) is fairly accessible. Because of the compressible nature of scCO(2) and the large changes of viscosity and density with temperature and pressure, there is a need to determine the behavior of scCO(2) in microfluidic systems. Here, the influence of how parameters such as flow rate, temperature, pressure, and flow ratio affects the length of parallel flow of water and scCO(2) and the length of the created CO2 segments are investigated and modeled using multivariate data analysis for a 10 mm long double-y channel. The parallel length and segment size were observed in the laminar regime around and above the critical point of CO2. The flow ratio between the two fluids together with the flow rate influenced both the parallel length and the segment sizes, and a higher pressure resulted in shorter parallel lengths. Regarding the segment length of CO2, longer segments were a result of a higher Weber number for H2O together with a higher temperature in the channel.
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| 9. |
- Malik, Amer, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling and analysis of a phase change material thermohydraulic membrane microactuator
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of microelectromechanical systems. - 1057-7157 .- 1941-0158. ; 22:1, s. 186-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presented in this work, is a Finite Element Method (FEM)-based model for phase change material actuators, modeling the active material as a fluid as opposed to a solid. This enables the model to better conform to localized loads, as well as offering the opportunity to follow material movement in enclosed volumes. Modeling, simulation and analysis of an electrothermally activated paraffin microactuator has been conducted. The paraffin microactuator used for the analysis in the current study exploits the large volumetric expansion of paraffin upon melting, which combined with its low compressibility in the liquid state allows for high hydraulic pressures to be generated. The purpose of the study is to supply a geometry independent model of such a microactuator through the implementation of a fluid model rather than a solid model, which has been utilized in previous studies. Numerical simulations are conducted at different frequencies of the heating source and for different geometries of the microactuator. The results are compared with the empirical data obtained on a close to identical paraffin microactuator, which clearly show the advantages of a fluid model instead of a solid state approximation.
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| 10. |
- Malmaeus, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Basic Income and Social Sustainability in Post-Growth Economies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Basic Income Studies. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2194-6094 .- 1932-0183. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A central task in efforts to identify pathways to ecologically and socially sustainable economies is to reduce inequality and poverty while reducing material consumption, which has recently inspired future post-growth scenarios. We build a model to explore the potential of a universal basic income (UBI) to serve these objectives. Starting from the observation that post-growth trajectories can take very different forms we analyze UBI in two scenarios advanced in the literature. Comparing UBI in a "local self-sufficiency" economy to a UBI in an "automation" economy, we show that although both scenarios satisfy central sustainability criteria, the impact of a UBI would differ greatly between these contexts. Our analysis shows that a UBI is less compatible with a labor-intensive local self-sufficiency economy than a capital-intensive, high tech economy. We conclude that the feasibility and attractiveness of a UBI in a post-growth scenario depends greatly on the specific characteristics of the economy.
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