| 1. |
- Biktimirov, Artur, et al.
(författare)
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Neuromodulation as a basic platform for neuroprotection and repair after spinal cord injury
- 2021
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Ingår i: Brain protection strategies and nanomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 9780323989275 ; , s. 269-300
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most challenging medical issues. Spasticity is a major complication of SCI. A combination of spinal cord stimulation, new methods of neuroprotection and biomedical cellular products provides fundamentally new options for SCI treatment and rehabilitation. The paper attempts to critically analyze the effectiveness of using these procedures for patients with SCI, suggesting a protocol for a step-by-step personalized treatment of SCI, based on continuity of modern conservative and surgical methods. The study argues the possibility of using neuromodulation as a basis for rehabilitating patients with SCI.
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| 2. |
- Biktimirov, Artur, et al.
(författare)
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Spinal cord stimulation and intrathecal baclofen therapy for patients with severe spasticity after spinal cord injury
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neuropharmacology of Neuroprotection. - : ELSEVIER. - 9780128208137 ; , s. 79-99
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale. Spasticity is one of the main complications after the spinal cord injury (SCI). Most commonly, severe cases of spasticity are treated surgically with intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB). Spinal cord stimulation for chronic pains (SCS) serves as an alternative for ITB. Both methods have their benefits and limitations. This study is aimed at development of a personalized SCS and ITB treatment algorithm for patients with severe cases of spasticity after SCI. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes the treatment results of 66 patients with severe spasticity after SCI (50 men and 16 women, age ranging from 18 to 62), average age is 36.03 +/- 12.29 y.o. Patients who chose surgery as a spasticity treatment option, received experimental stimulation, and after muscle tone reduction to a comfort level they were surgically implanted with a SCS system for chronic pain management. Patients with negative response to experimental stimulation were tested for baclofen and, based on the results, had a baclofen pump implanted. The patients were examined after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results. Surgical implantation of a SCS system was performed for 18 patients, ITB was used for 15 patients. After first 3 months of observation both groups demonstrated a significant improvement of spasticity index, but the SCS patients had better results. However, 6 months later the MAS scores, frequency of spasms and reflexes in both groups were the same. After 12 months of observation the ITB group exhibited a significant improvement of the MAS scores, compared with the control group, and reached the results, similar to the SCS group. Conclusions. Surgical treatment of patients with severe spasticity after SCI should start with experimental spinal cord stimulation, and, in case of a positive response, be followed by SCS system implantation. Patients with positive response to the experimental stimulation exhibit a significantly prolonged response to treatment, without substantial differences from ITB patients.
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| 3. |
- Bryukhovetskiy, Andrey S., et al.
(författare)
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Human mind has microwave electromagnetic nature and can be recorded and processed
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neuropharmacology of Neuroprotection. - : ELSEVIER. - 9780128208137 ; , s. 439-463
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In 2014 and 2015 Professor of neurology Andrey Bryukhovetskiy published a novel theory of the information-commutation organization of the human brain in Russia, China and the USA. The theory posits the hypothesis that the higher nervous activity (cognitive, intellectual, mnestic) of the humans and their mind are material and have microwave electromagnetic nature. The theory perceives the human mind as a result of dynamic extracortical information-commutation relations of the super-positions of the electromagnetic waves of ultra high frequency emitted by different areas of the human brain in the inter-membrane cerebrospinal fluid space of the human head at a certain period of time. The inter-membrane cerebrospinal fluid space of the human head (the space between the dura, arachnoid and pia mater filled with the cerebrospinal fluid) of about 10mm size, has all morphological attributes to realize the holography. It is a universal natural bioprocessor for processing, analysis and synthesis of the input data and their record or reproduction on the pia as on the biological holographic membrane. The theory suggested that the processes of the mind can be recorded and digitalized with the last generation contemporary microwave receptors of the UHF band. Goal: The goal is to experimentally test the theory of the information-commutation organization of the human brain, particularly, the postulate that the human mind has material, and, namely, electromagnetic nature represented by the microwave bioelectric activity; it must be detected, recorded and statistically processed, i.e. its existence must be confirmed. Methods: On their own initiative, the team of mathematicians, radioengineers and neurologists performed the non-invasive research of the electromagnetic radiation of human brain in the broad frequency range varying from 850MHz to 26.5GHz with the last generation specialized measuring equipment with high sensitivity and recording speed, specialized measuring antennas and low noise amplifying equipment in the anechoic chamber of the 1st class of protection according to the Russian system of certification GOST R 50414-92. Results: The previously unknown microwave electromagnetic radiation of the EHF/UHF range (from 1.5GHz to 4.5GHz) with signal strength of -130dBm .. -100dBm (1e(-15) .. 1e(-13) W) are discovered. The detected electromagnetic waves have zonal variations in the different areas of the human head and are absent in other areas of the human body. The method of recording of the microwave electromagnetic activity of the human brain is patented in the Russian Federation. The microwave electromagnetic activity of the brain is billion-fold different from the bioelectric activity recorded by the encephalography. Conclusion: Discovery of the phenomenon of the microwave radiation of the human brain provides evidence to the idea that thinking and mind are material. This phenomenon has the potential to become a new informational channel of the diagnostics of the functional and pathological state of the higher nervous activity of the human brain. It can provide the basis for the development of the equipment for real-time analysis of the microwave bioelectric activity of the brain in norm and pathology, for objective early diagnostics of the functional and emotional conditions as well as of the psychiatric disorders at the preclinical stage, for the biocontrol of the human brain and the artificial simulators of the human brain. It also can provide the foundation for new systems of the artificial intellect, brain-computer interface and systems of the closed-loop biomanagement of the damaged brain.
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| 4. |
- Bryukhovetskiy, Andrey S., et al.
(författare)
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Is the ALS a motor neuron disease or a hematopoietic stem cell disease?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neuropharmacology of Neuroprotection. - : ELSEVIER. - 9780128208137 ; , s. 381-396
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is also known as motor neuron disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig's disease. It is a fatal neurodegenerative disease the cause of which is not clear. The effective therapy is absent. ALS is diagnosed through clinical examination and neurophysiologic tests. Clinically, the symptoms manifest when about 80% of motor neurons are dead. Materials and methods. The hematopoietic stem cells are isolated through administration of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor from three groups: group 1 of 62 ALS cases, group 2 of 54 ALS-free healthy donors and group 3 of 6 ALS-free ALS-family members. The expression of HLA-DR, CD38, CD117, CD13, CD33, CD56, Thy-1, CD45, CD10, CD71 was assessed in 86 samples of HSCs in ALS group, 61 samples of HSCs in healthy group and 6 samples from ALS-free ALS-family members by the multiparameter flow cytometry. Results. The obtained immunophenotypic profiles of HSCs membrane antigens of the ALS group significantly differ from the ALS-free group, while the immunophenotypic profiles of HSCs membrane antigens of the ALS-family members group are close to the ALS group. Discussion. We suppose that the ALS onset as the disease of HSCs and manifests in the genome and proteome of the HSCs. Such immunophenotypic profiling might permit identification of ALS-specific immune insufficiency and become a tool for early diagnostics of the ALS before clinical manifestation of the disease. New options of the updated therapy of ALS might be developed or corrected considering this new evidence. Conclusion. Further research with larger samples and deeper examination is required.
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| 5. |
- Bryukhovetskiy, Andrey S., et al.
(författare)
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Ultra early molecular biologic diagnosis of malignant and neurodegenerative diseases by the immunospecific profiles of the proteins markers of the surface of the mobilized autologous hematopoietic stem cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: Brain protection strategies and nanomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 9780323989275 ; , s. 75-95
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The comparative study of the protein markers of the membrane surface of the autologous hematopoietic stem cells (.D34+.D45+) was performed to detect the patterns of the proteomic profiles, if any. The study included five groups. The subpopulations of the hematopoietic stem cells were studied in 569 samples of the mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells from adult cancer cases (group 1), 557 samples from children cancer cases (group 2), 66 samples from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases (group 3), 5 samples from other neurodegenerative diseases cases (supplementary group 4) and 61 samples isolated from healthy donors (control group 5). The protein markers of the membrane surface of the autologous hematopoietic stem cells were mapped and profiled with flow cytometry. The specific patterns of the proteomic profiles characteristic for cancer and neurodegenerative disease and different from those of healthy donors were identified. The authors suppose that as far as the HSC is the parent cell of the immune system cells, the modification of its proteomic profile speaks of specific immune insufficiency that not only accompanies the disease but presents the key cause for its onset and precedes its clinical manifestation. Thus, the evaluation of the protein markers of the membrane surface of hematopoietic stem cells can be used for ultra early diagnosis of these diseases.
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| 6. |
- Bryukhovetskiy, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Glioblastoma : What can we do for these patients today and what will we be able to do in the future?
- 2021
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Ingår i: NANOMEDICINE AND NEUROPROTECTION IN BRAIN DISEASES. - : ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC. - 9780323901628 ; , s. 99-118
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an extremely aggressive primary human brain tumor. The median survival of GBM patients is 15 months in case of completing the modern complex treatment protocol. Chemotherapy can help to extend the life expectancy of patients. GBM treatment resistance is associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present paper analyses the main reasons for ineffectiveness of the existing GBM treatment methods and suggests treating CSCs as a complex phenomenon, resulting from the coordinated interaction of normal stem cells and cancer cells (CCs) in immunosuppressive microsurroundings. The GBM treatment strategy is suggested not for only suppressing strategically important signaling pathways in CCs, but also for regulating interaction between normal stem cells and cancer cells. The paper considers the issue of controlling penetrability of the blood-brain barrier that is one of the main challenges in neuro-oncology. Also, the paper suggests the ways of extending life expectancy of GBM patients today and prospects for the near future.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bryukhovetskiy, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Personalized therapy and stem cell transplantation for pro-inflammatory modulation of cancer stem cells microenvironment in glioblastoma : Review
- 2020
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Ingår i: NOVEL THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN GLIOBLASTOMA. - LONDON ENGLAND : Elsevier. - 9780128211144 ; , s. 67-98
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive types of brain tumor in humans. The prognosis for patients with GBM is unfavorable and treatment is largely ineffective, where modern treatment regimens typically increase survival by 15 months. GBM relapse and progression are associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present review provides a critical analysis of the primary reasons underlying the lack of effectiveness of modern CSC management methods. An emphasis is placed on the role of the blood-brain barrier in the development of treatment resistance. The existing methods for increasing the efficiency of antitumor genotoxic therapy are also described, and a strategy for personalized regulation of CSC based on post-genome technologies is suggested. The hypothesis that GBM cells employ a special mechanism for DNA repair based on their interactions with normal stem cells, is presented and the function of the tumor microenvironment in fulfilling the antitumor potential of normal stem cells is explained. Additionally, the mechanisms by which cancer stem cells regulate glioblastoma progression and recurrence are described based on novel biomedical technologies.
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| 9. |
- Bryukhovetskiy, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming growth factor-beta mimics the key proteome properties of CD133- differentiated and CD133+ cancer stem cells in glioblastoma
- 2020
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Ingår i: Novel therapeutic advances in glioblastoma. - : Elsevier BV. - 9780128211144 ; , s. 219-242
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor in humans. Its invasive growth is associated with cluster of differentiation (CD)133 cancer stem cells (CSCs) and CD133(-) differentiated glioblastoma cells (DGCs) with aggressive phenotype, which are developed under the influence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. The present study aimed to compare the proteomes of CD133 CSCs and CD133(-) DGCs stimulated by TGF-beta, as well as the expression levels of the main proteins responsible for activating the signaling pathway of receptor interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM). The U87MG GBM cell line was used in this study. CSCs were extracted from gliomaspheres through magnetic-activated cell sorting based on the expression of CD133 (CD133); CD133(-) DCGs served as a control. CD133(-) DGCs of the U87-MG cell line were treated with 10ng/mL TGF-beta 1, and cell proliferation and migration were analyzed via real-time quantitative microscopy. High-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used for proteome analysis. The results revealed 589 proteins with significantly changes in expression among CD133 CSCs compared with those in CD133(-) DGCs (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis allowed to attribute 134 differentially expressed proteins to 15 signaling pathways; among these proteins, 14 were involved in signaling cascades associated with the interaction between CSCs and the ECM, and were upregulated > twofold, while four proteins activated this signaling cascade. TGF-beta-stimulation increased the mobility, suppressed the proliferation and transformed the proteome profile of CD133(-) DGCs. Were identified 13 key proteins that activate the signaling pathway of receptor interaction with the ECM and three proteins activating this signaling pathway in CD133(-) DGCs which had the same values as those of CD133 CSCs. In conclusion, TGF-beta increased the expression of proteins that activate the signaling pathway of receptor interaction with the ECM in CD133(-) DGCs to the level of those in CD133 CSCs.
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| 10. |
- Chen, Huijing, et al.
(författare)
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Multimodal imaging in the differential diagnosis of glioma recurrence from treatment-related effects : A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: NANOMEDICINE AND NEUROPROTECTION IN BRAIN DISEASES. - : ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC. - 9780323901628 ; , s. 377-383
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor and it will always recur. To date, various multimodal imaging including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) was used to differentiate the diagnosis of true tumor recurrent (TuR) and treatment-related effects (TrE) in glioma patient but with no overall conclusion. In this study, SROC curve and Bayesian network meta-analysis will be used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the results of different clinical reports, and assess the efficacy of multimodal imaging in difference TuR and TrE. Methods: To find more comprehensive information about the application of multimodal imaging in glioma patients, we searched the EMBASE, Pubmed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for relevant clinical trials. We also reviewed their reference lists to avoid omissions. QUADAS-2, RevMan software, Stata, and R software will be used. Results: This study will provide reliable evidence for the efficacy of multimodal imaging in the differential diagnosis of TuR and TrE in glioma patients. Conclusion: We will evaluate the effectiveness of different and rank each imaging method in glioma patients to provide a decision-making reference on which method to choose for clinicians.
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