| 1. |
- Abarenkov, Kessy, et al.
(författare)
-
Annotating public fungal ITS sequences from the built environment according to the MIxS-Built Environment standard – a report from a May 23-24, 2016 workshop (Gothenburg, Sweden)
- 2016
-
Ingår i: MycoKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-4057 .- 1314-4049. ; 16, s. 1-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent molecular studies have identified substantial fungal diversity in indoor environments. Fungi and fungal particles have been linked to a range of potentially unwanted effects in the built environment, including asthma, decay of building materials, and food spoilage. The study of the built mycobiome is hampered by a number of constraints, one of which is the poor state of the metadata annotation of fungal DNA sequences from the built environment in public databases. In order to enable precise interrogation of such data – for example, “retrieve all fungal sequences recovered from bathrooms” – a workshop was organized at the University of Gothenburg (May 23-24, 2016) to annotate public fungal barcode (ITS) sequences according to the MIxS-Built Environment annotation standard (http://gensc.org/mixs/). The 36 participants assembled a total of 45,488 data points from the published literature, including the addition of 8,430 instances of countries of collection from a total of 83 countries, 5,801 instances of building types, and 3,876 instances of surface-air contaminants. The results were implemented in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi (http://unite.ut.ee) and were shared with other online resources. Data obtained from human/animal pathogenic fungi will furthermore be verified on culture based metadata for subsequent inclusion in the ISHAM-ITS database (http://its.mycologylab.org).
|
|
| 2. |
- Adrian-Kalchhauser, Irene, et al.
(författare)
-
The mitochondrial genome sequences of the round goby and the sand goby reveal patterns of recent evolution in gobiid fish
- 2017
-
Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 18:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Vertebrate mitochondrial genomes are optimized for fast replication and low cost of RNA expression. Accordingly, they are devoid of introns, are transcribed as polycistrons and contain very little intergenic sequences. Usually, vertebrate mitochondrial genomes measure between 16.5 and 17 kilobases (kb). Results During genome sequencing projects for two novel vertebrate models, the invasive round goby and the sand goby, we found that the sand goby genome is exceptionally small (16.4 kb), while the mitochondrial genome of the round goby is much larger than expected for a vertebrate. It is 19 kb in size and is thus one of the largest fish and even vertebrate mitochondrial genomes known to date. The expansion is attributable to a sequence insertion downstream of the putative transcriptional start site. This insertion carries traces of repeats from the control region, but is mostly novel. To get more information about this phenomenon, we gathered all available mitochondrial genomes of Gobiidae and of nine gobioid species, performed phylogenetic analyses, analysed gene arrangements, and compared gobiid mitochondrial genome sizes, ecological information and other species characteristics with respect to the mitochondrial phylogeny. This allowed us amongst others to identify a unique arrangement of tRNAs among Ponto-Caspian gobies. Conclusions Our results indicate that the round goby mitochondrial genome may contain novel features. Since mitochondrial genome organisation is tightly linked to energy metabolism, these features may be linked to its invasion success. Also, the unique tRNA arrangement among Ponto-Caspian gobies may be helpful in studying the evolution of this highly adaptive and invasive species group. Finally, we find that the phylogeny of gobiids can be further refined by the use of longer stretches of linked DNA sequence.
|
|
| 3. |
- Alexanderson, Karin, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
-
Supporting user involvement in child welfare work : a way of implementing evidence-based practice
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Evidence & Policy. - Policy Press : Policy Press. - 1744-2648 .- 1744-2656. ; 10:4, s. 541-554
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The articel describes and analyses some preliminary working methods for user involvement in child welfare. The models are based on the results of a national project in Sweden where children and young peple have been involved as informants. How experiences and viewpoints from children and young people can be a source of knowledge in child welfare organisatiions is one of the main questions. The performance and the results of the project are analysed in relaton to a theoretical macro-oriented model created to illustrate the need for different kinds of knowledge in supporting the implementation of an evidence-based practice.
|
|
| 4. |
- Alfredsson, Joakim, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Randomized comparison of early supplemental oxygen versus ambient air in patients with confirmed myocardial infarction : Sex-related outcomes from DETO2X-AMI
- 2021
-
Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Mosby Inc.. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 237, s. 13-24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of oxygen therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in relation to sex in patients with confirmed myocardial infarction (MI).Methods: The DETermination of the role of Oxygen in suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction trial randomized 6,629 patients to oxygen at 6 L/min for 6-12 hours or ambient air. In the present subgroup analysis including 5,010 patients (1,388 women and 3,622 men) with confirmed MI, we report the effect of supplemental oxygen on the composite of all-cause death, rehospitalization with MI, or heart failure at long-term follow-up, stratified according to sex.Results: Event rate for the composite endpoint was 18.1% in women allocated to oxygen, compared to 21.4% in women allocated to ambient air (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-1.05). In men, the incidence was 13.6% in patients allocated to oxygen compared to 13.3% in patients allocated to ambient air (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.86-1.23). No significant interaction in relation to sex was found (P=.16). Irrespective of allocated treatment, the composite endpoint occurred more often in women compared to men (19.7 vs 13.4%, HR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.30-1.75). After adjustment for age alone, there was no difference between the sexes (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91-1.24), which remained consistent after multivariate adjustment.Conclusion: Oxygen therapy in normoxemic MI patients did not significantly affect all-cause mortality or rehospitalization for MI or heart failure in women or men. The observed worse outcome in women was explained by differences in baseline characteristics, especially age
|
|
| 5. |
- Andell, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxygen therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction and concurrent normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a prespecified subgroup analysis from the DETO2X-AMI trial.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 9:8, s. 984-992
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The DETermination of the role of Oxygen in suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction (DETO2X-AMI) trial did not find any benefit of oxygen therapy compared to ambient air in normoxemic patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may both benefit and be harmed by supplemental oxygen. Thus we evaluated the effect of routine oxygen therapy compared to ambient air in normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.METHODS AND RESULTS: =0.77]); there were no significant treatment-by-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease interactions.CONCLUSIONS: Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients had twice the mortality rate compared to non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, this prespecified subgroup analysis from the DETO2X-AMI trial on oxygen therapy versus ambient air in normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction revealed no evidence for benefit of routine oxygen therapy consistent with the main trial's findings.CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02290080.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersen, Jens Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Price revisited : on the growth of dissertations in eight research fields
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 88:2, s. 371-383
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the production of dissertations in eight research fields in the natural sciences, the social sciences and the humanities. In using doctoral dissertations it builds on De Solla Prices seminal study which used PhD dissertations as one of several indicators of scientific growth (Price, Little science, big science, 1963). Data from the ProQuest: Dissertations and Theses database covering the years 1950-2007 are used to depict historical trends, and the Gompertz function was used for analysing the data. A decline in the growth of dissertations can be seen in all fields in the mid-eighties and several fields show only a modest growth during the entire period. The growth profiles of specific disciplines could not be explained by traditional dichotomies such as pure/applied or soft/hard, but rather it seems that the age of the discipline appears to be an important factor. Thus, it is obvious that the growth of dissertations must be explained using several factors emerging both inside and outside academia. Consequently, we propose that the output of dissertations can be used as an indicator of growth, especially in fields like the humanities, where journal or article counts are less applicable.
|
|
| 7. |
- Arkkukangas, Marina, et al.
(författare)
-
Older persons' experiences of a home-based exercise program with behavioral change support
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 33:12, s. 905-913
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is a challenge to promote exercise among older persons. Knowledge is needed regarding the maintenance of exercise aiming at preventing falls and promoting health and well-being in older persons.Purpose: This descriptive study used a qualitative inductive approach to describe older persons' experiences of a fall-preventive, home-based exercise program with support for behavioral change.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 elderly persons aged 75years or older, and a qualitative content analysis was performed.Results: Four categories emerged: facilitators of performing exercise in everyday life, the importance of support, perceived gains from exercise, and the existential aspects of exercise.Conclusion: With support from physiotherapists (PTs), home-based exercise can be adapted to individual circumstances in a meaningful way. Including exercises in everyday life and daily routines could support the experience of being stronger, result in better physical functioning, and give hope for an extended active life in old age.
|
|
| 8. |
- Aspers, Patrik
(författare)
-
Economic Sociology
- 2011
-
Ingår i: <em>Encyclopedia of Consumer Culture</em>. - USA : Sage Publications. - 9780872896017
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 9. |
- Aspers, Patrik
(författare)
-
Markets
- 2011. - 1
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our lives have gradually become dominated by markets. They are not only at the heart of capitalistic economies all over the world, but also central in public debates. This insightful book brings together existing knowledge on markets from sociology, economics and anthropology, and systematically investigates the different forms of markets we encounter daily in our social lives.Aspers starts by defining what a market actually is, analyzing its essential elements as well as its necessary preconditions and varied consequences. An important theme in the book is that a whole host of markets are embedded within one other and in social life at large, and Aspers discusses these in the context of other forms of economic coordination, such as networks and organizations. Combining theory with empirical examples, the book cuts to the core of understanding how different markets function, the role they have played in history, and how they come into being.This accessible and theoretically rich book will be essential reading for upper-level students seeking to make sense of markets and their complex role in social life.
|
|
| 10. |
- Aspers, Patrik, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sociology of Fashion : Order and Change
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Annual Review of Sociology. - : Annual Reviews. - 0360-0572 .- 1545-2115. ; 39, s. 171-192
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we synthesize and analyze sociological understandingof fashion, with the main part of the review devoted to classical andrecent sociological work. To further the development of this largelyinterdisciplinary field, we also highlight the key points of research inother disciplines. We define fashion as an unplanned process of recurrentchange against a backdrop of order in the public realm. Weclarify this definition after tracing fashion’s origins and history. As asocial phenomenon, fashion has been culturally and economically significantsince the dawn of Modernity and has increased in importancewith the emergence of mass markets, both in terms of production andconsumption. Most research on this topic is concerned with dress, butwe argue that there are no domain restrictions that should constrainfashion theories. We identify venues around which sociologists coulddevelop further research in this field.
|
|
