| 1. |
- Abdulle, Sahra, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of antiretroviral treatment on blood-brain barrier integrity and intrathecal immunoglobulin production in neuroasymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients.
- 2005
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Ingår i: HIV medicine. - : Wiley. - 1464-2662 .- 1468-1293. ; 6:3, s. 164-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of antiretroviral combination therapy on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) production. METHODS: Lumbar punctures were performed on 38 neurologically asymptomatic, treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients prior to and during treatment at intervals of approximately 4 months, 1 year and 2 years. Albumin ratio and IgG index were analysed as markers of BBB integrity and intrathecal IgG synthesis. RESULTS: HIV-1 RNA decreased to < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of all patients and in the plasma of all but one patient. Only 5% of patients had elevated albumin ratio values at baseline, while 56% had an elevated IgG index. There was no significant reduction of the albumin ratio or the IgG index. After 2 years of treatment all patients had normal albumin ratio values, while 41% still had increased IgG index levels. CONCLUSIONS: Up to 2 years after the initiation of treatment, the favourable impact of antiretroviral combination treatment on CSF viral load was not accompanied by a similar reduction of intrathecal IgG production. BBB function, measured as the albumin ratio, was not significantly changed in this cohort of neurologically asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Abel, Edvard, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Early disturbance of microvascular function precedes chemotherapy-induced intestinal injury
- 2005
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Ingår i: Dig Dis Sci. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0163-2116. ; 50:9, s. 1729-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intestinal injury 4-48 hr after cytotoxic therapy (etoposide phosphate, 100 mg/kg body weight [bw], intravenously [i.v.]) was studied in rats using ligated intestinal loops. Chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ((51)Cr-EDTA) and rubidium-86 chloride ((86)RbCl) were deposited intraluminally to determine the extent of the increase in intestinal permeability and ion channel disruption. Evans Blue (EB) was used for detection of endothelial leakage. Intestinal morphology was documented. Endothelial dysfunction, as observed by an increased extravasation of EB, was evident already 4 hr after cytotoxic therapy. Intestinal epithelial injury, as observed by an increase in (51)Cr-EDTA permeation and a decrease in (86)Rb absorption, occurred after 48 hr. Finally, histology disclosed a reduced crypt cell proliferation, displayed as a decrease in Ki67-positive cells. The findings suggest that, in the development of intestinal injury after cytotoxic therapy, endothelial disruption is an early event, whereafter epithelial dysfunction and crypt stem cell arrest occur. This knowledge could be of importance in the design of future intervention trials.
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| 4. |
- Abel, Frida, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Imbalance of the mitochondrial pro- and anti-apoptotic mediators in neuroblastoma tumours with unfavourable biology.
- 2005
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Ingår i: European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990). - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 41:4, s. 635-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been proposed that a lack of apoptosis plays an important role in neuroblastoma (NB) progression. We therefore screened cDNA array filters, including 198 apoptotic genes, in order to identify mRNA transcripts that are differentially expressed in tumours with unfavourable versus favourable biology. Twenty-one genes were analysed further using real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Significantly lower levels of DNCL1 (PIN; P(c)(corrected) = 0.0054) and NTRK1 (TrkA; P(c) = 0.039) were found in NB tumours with unfavourable biology. In addition, BID, BCL2, APAF1, CASP2, CASP3 and CASP9 were found to be preferentially expressed in tumours with favourable biology, whereas CDKN1A (p21), IL2RA, and MCL1, were found to be preferentially expressed in NB tumours with unfavourable biology. In conclusion, mRNA levels of transcripts encoding pro-apoptotic mediators of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway were found to be expressed to a lower extent in tumours with unfavourable biology. Our data also suggest that the mitochondrial pathway is suppressed in advanced stages of NB tumours, due to an imbalance between anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic mediators which is a finding that may have therapeutic significance.
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| 5. |
- Abelin, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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Phonesthemes in Swedish
- 2005
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Ingår i: In Proceedings of Conference on Problems of Sign, S:t Petersburg 4th-7th of October 2005.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Abrahamsson, Hans, 1949
(författare)
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Nu står USA på de fattiga ländernas sida
- 2005
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Ingår i: Göteborgsposten 2005-09-28.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- När fattigdomens problem med förödande kraft börjat slå tillbaka på den rika världen ställer sig USA högt på fattigdomsbekämpningens barrikad. Samtidigt driver den svenska regeringen kortsiktiga plånboksfrågor i hopp om att vinna valet på hemmaplan, skriver docent Hans Abrahamsson.
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| 8. |
- Abrahamsson, Hans, 1949
(författare)
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Slå samman Säpo med det militära spionaget
- 2005
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Ingår i: Göteborgsposten 2005-07-27.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det har startat en märklig debatt om det lämpliga i att polis och militär samarbetar för att bekämpa terrorismen. För mig är det självklart med ett sådant samarbete vad gäller inhämtning och bearbetning av underrättelseinformation. Slå därför ihop Säpo och Must till en civil myndighet, skriver Hans Abrahamsson.
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| 9. |
- Abrahamsson, Jonas, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple lymph node metastases in a boy with primary testicular carcinoid, despite negative preoperative imaging procedures.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1531-5037 .- 0022-3468. ; 40:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A testicular tumor in a 12-year-old boy proved to be a carcinoid tumor. An extensive investigation including a computed tomographic scan of the abdominal and pelvic region as well as both 123I-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine and 111In-coupled octreotide scintigraphy was normal. Because histopathologic examination of the primary surgical specimen revealed tumor growth in the resection border of the spermatic vessels, a second operation with unilateral lymph node dissection was performed. Surprisingly, 3 lymph node metastases were found. No further treatment was given and the boy is alive without disease 9 years after surgery. This case illustrates that modern scintigraphic techniques do not always detect carcinoid tumors. Because carcinoids respond poorly to other treatment modalities, the importance of initial radical surgery including a meticulous examination of regional lymph nodes is emphasized.
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| 10. |
- Abrahamsson, Therése, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Synaptic fatigue at the naive perforant path-dentate granule cell synapse in the rat.
- 2005
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Ingår i: The Journal of physiology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3751. ; 569:Pt 3, s. 737-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synaptic activation at low frequency is often used to probe synaptic function and synaptic plasticity, but little is known about how such low-frequency activation itself affects synaptic transmission. In the present study, we have examined how the perforant path-dentate granule cell (PP-GC) synapse adapts to low-frequency activation from a previously non-activated (naive) state. Stimulation at 0.2 Hz in acute slices from developing rats (7-12 days old) caused a gradual depression of the AMPA EPSC (at -80 mV) to about half within 50 stimuli. This synaptic fatigue was unaffected by the NMDA and metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor antagonists d-AP5 and LY-341495. A smaller component of this synaptic fatigue was readily reversible when switching to very low-frequency stimulation (0.033-0.017 Hz) and is attributed to a reversible decrease in release probability, which is probably due to depletion of readily releasable vesicles. Thus, it was expressed to the same extent by AMPA and NMDA EPSCs, and was associated with a decrease in quantal content (measured as 1/CV(2)) with no change in the paired-pulse ratio. The larger component of the synaptic fatigue was not readily reversible, was selective for AMPA EPSCs and was associated with a decrease in 1/CV(2), thus probably representing silencing of AMPA signalling in a subset of synapses. In adult rats (> 30 days old), the AMPA silencing had disappeared while the low-frequency depression remained unaltered. The present study has thus identified two forms of synaptic plasticity that contribute to fatigue of synaptic transmission at low frequencies at the developing PP-GC synapse; AMPA silencing and a low-frequency depression of release probability.
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