| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
-
A history of Swedish broadcasting : communicative ethos, genres and institutional change / edited by Monika Djerf-Pierre & Mats Ekström
- 2013
-
Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Broadcast communication has had a profound effect on modern society in the 20th and early 21st centuries. A growing international field of research has examined the historical development of broadcasting within various social and historical contexts, but also has made significant contributions to the understanding of media communication in general. Central topics in this discussion concern the relationships between technological innovations, institutional arrangements, social relations and culture. This book analyses the historical developments of Swedish broadcasting from the introduction of radio in the mid-1920s until the early 2000s. In relation to international research, it explores key aspects of how broadcast media emerged as a way to communicate over distance, connected to audiences, and evolved into central institutions and socio-cultural universes in society. The chapters are arranged in five thematic sections focusing on the invention and early development of radio and television, audience orientation, professional practices, broadcast genres, and institutional changes. The book derives from a large-scale research programme on Swedish broadcast history comprising about 50 studies and led by the “Swedish Foundation of Broadcast Media History”.
|
|
| 3. |
- Aaberge, Rolf, et al.
(author)
-
U.S. versus Sweden: The Effect of Alternative In-Work Tax Credit Policies on Labour Supply of Single Mothers
- 2013
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- An essential difference between the design of the Swedish and the US in-work tax credit systems relates to their functional forms. Where the US earned income tax credit (EITC) is phased out and favours low and medium earnings, the Swedish system is not phased out and offers 17 and 7 per cent tax credit for low and medium low incomes and a lump-sum tax deduction equal to approximately 2300 USD for medium and higher incomes. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency and distributional effects of these two alternative tax credit designs. We pay particular attention to labour market exclusion; i.e. individuals within as well as outside the labour force are included in the analysis. To highlight the importance of the joint effects from the tax and the benefit systems it appears particular relevant to analyse the labour supply behaviour of single mothers. To this end, we estimate a structural random utility model of labour supply and welfare participation. The model accounts for heterogeneity in consumption-leisure preferences as well as for heterogeneity and constraints in job opportunities. The results of the evaluation show that the Swedish system without phase-out generates substantial larger labour supply responses than the US version of the tax credit. Due to increased labour supply and decline in welfare participation we find that the Swedish reform is self-financing for single mothers, whereas a 10 per cent deficit follows from the adapted EITC version used in this study. However, where income inequality rises modestly under the Swedish tax credit system, the US version with phase-out leads to a significant reduction in the income inequality.
|
|
| 4. |
- Aagaard, Per, 1957, et al.
(author)
-
Preparticipation Evaluation of Novice, Middle-Age Long-Distance Runners.
- 2013
-
In: Medicine and science in sports and exercise. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 45:1, s. 130-137
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract PURPOSE: To assess the cardiovascular health and risk profile in middle-aged males making an entry to participate for their first time in a long-distance race. METHODS: Male first-time participants ≥45 years in the world's largest cross-country running race, the Lidingöloppet, were evaluated with a medical history and physical exam, European risk-SCORE, 12-lead ECG, echocardiography and blood tests. Further diagnostic work-up was performed when clinically indicated. RESULTS: Of 265 eligible runners, 153 (58%, age 51±5 y) completed the study. While the 10-year fatal cardiovascular event risk was low (SCORE: 1% (IQR: 0 - 1%)), mild abnormalities were common, e.g. elevated blood-pressure (19%), left ventricular hypertrophy (6%), elevated LDL cholesterol (5%). ECG changes compatible with "athlete's heart" were present in 82%, e.g. sinus bradycardia (61%) and/or early repolarization (32%). ECG changes considered training-unrelated were found in 24%, e.g. prolonged QTc: 13%; left axis deviation: 5.3%; left atrial enlargement: 4%). In 14 runners (9%) additional diagnostic work-up was clinically motivated, and 4 (2%) were ultimately discouraged from vigorous exercise due to QTc intervals >500 ms (n=2), symptomatic atrioventricular block (n=1), and a cardiac tumor (n=1). The physician exam and the ECG identified 12 of the 14 subjects requiring further evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular evaluation of middle-aged men, including a physician exam and a 12-lead ECG, appears useful to identify individuals requiring further testing prior to vigorous exercise. The additional yield of routine echocardiography was small.
|
|
| 5. |
- Abbas, Abdul-Karim, 1959
(author)
-
Evidence for constitutive protein synthesis in hippocampal LTP stabilization
- 2013
-
In: Neuroscience. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4522. ; 246, s. 301-311
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The notion that blockade of constitutive protein synthesis underlies the effect of protein synthesis inhibitors (PSIs) on long-term potentiation (LTP) stabilization was examined using the rat hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse. Using a biochemical assay we found protein synthesis rate largely recovered 1h after wash-out of cycloheximide (CHX). Nonetheless, a 4-h CHX application followed by wash-out 1h prior to LTP resulted in a significant decrement of LTP stabilization. Wash-out initiated just prior to LTP, thus extending protein synthesis inhibition well into the post-LTP period, resulted in no further effect on LTP. However, short pre- and continuous post-tetanization application of PSIs failed to influence LTP persistence for up to 7h. Addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 5-25min following LTP induction resulted in parallel depression of potentiated and non-potentiated inputs, leaving LTP seemingly unaltered. However, in the presence of cyxloheximide the H2O2 application resulted in a significant reduction of LTP. In conclusion: LTP stabilization was impaired by pre-LTP application of protein synthesis inhibition but not by post-LTP application unless the slices were exposed to oxidative stress. We submit that these results favor the notion that constitutive rather than triggered protein synthesis is important for LTP stabilization.
|
|
| 6. |
- Abbas, Zareen, 1962, et al.
(author)
-
Monte Carlo simulation of the dissociation constants of CO2 in 0 to 1 molal sodium chloride between 0 and 25 °C
- 2013
-
In: Marine Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-4203. ; 150:1, s. 1-10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stoichiometric dissociation constants of the carbon dioxide system in NaCl solution between 0 and 1 mol and 0 to 25 °C were estimated by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, and compared with Pitzer calculations and experimental measurements. The MC simulations used experimentally determined dielectric constants of water at different temperatures, and optimal agreement with the experimental data and Pitzer calculations was achieved by adjusting the ionic radii. This simple procedure resulted in effective ionic radii which were further used to simulate the activity coefficients of salt mixtures. The first and second stoichiometric dissociation constants of carbonic acid in NaCl solution (pK1⁎ and pK2⁎) were estimated from the MC-derived activity coefficients of mixed salts in NaCl. The MC results are in good agreement with the experimental data as well as with the Pitzer calculations. This study shows that Monte Carlo simulations in the temperature and ionic strength range relevant to seawater can provide pK values of the same quality as Pitzer calculations, and constitutes the first step in developing a temperature-dependent MC model for seawater. While MC calculations require greater computing resources, the number of parameters derived by fitting to thermodynamic data is substantially smaller than for Pitzer calculations.
|
|
| 7. |
- Abbaszadehbanaeiyan, Amin, et al.
(author)
-
Design and fabrication of high-throughput application-specific microfluidic devices for studying single-cell responses to extracellular perturbations
- 2013
-
In: Proc. SPIE 8765, Bio-MEMS and Medical Microdevices, 87650K. ; 8765
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single cell analysis techniques provide a unique opportunity of determining the intercellular heterogeneity in a cell population, which due to genotype variations and different physiological states of the cells i.e. size, shape and age, cannot be retrieved from averaged cell population values. In order to obtain high-value quantitative data from single-cell experiments it is important to have experimental platforms enabling high-throughput studies. Here, we present a microfluidic chip, which is capable of capturing individual cells in suspension inside separate traps. The device consists of three adjacent microchannels with separate inlets and outlets, laterally connected through the V-shaped traps. Vshaped traps, with openings smaller than the size of a single cell, are fabricated in the middle (main) channel perpendicular to the flow direction. Cells are guided into the wells by streamlines of the flows and are kept still at the bottom of the traps. Cells can then be exposed to extracellular stimuli either in the main or the side channels. Microchannels and traps of different sizes can be fabricated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), offering the possibility of independent studies on cellular responses with different cell types and different extracellular environmental changes. We believe that this versatile high-throughput cell trapping approach will contribute to further development of the current knowledge and information acquired from single-cell studies and provide valuable statistical experimental data required for systems biology. © (2013) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
|
|
| 8. |
- Abbaszadehbanaeiyan, Amin, 1983, et al.
(author)
-
Hydrodynamic Cell Trapping for High Throughput Single-Cell Applications
- 2013
-
In: Micromachines. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-666X. ; 4:4, s. 414-430
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The possibility to conduct complete cell assays under a precisely controlled environment while consuming minor amounts of chemicals and precious drugs have made microfluidics an interesting candidate for quantitative single-cell studies. Here, we present an application-specific microfluidic device, cellcomb, capable of conducting high-throughput single-cell experiments. The system employs pure hydrodynamic forces for easy cell trapping and is readily fabricated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using soft lithography techniques. The cell-trapping array consists of V-shaped pockets designed to accommodate up to six Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast cells) with the average diameter of 4 μm. We used this platform to monitor the impact of flow rate modulation on the arsenite (As(III)) uptake in yeast. Redistribution of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged version of the heat shock protein Hsp104 was followed over time as read out. Results showed a clear reverse correlation between the arsenite uptake and three different adjusted low = 25 nL min−1, moderate = 50 nL min−1, and high = 100 nL min−1 flow rates. We consider the presented device as the first building block of a future integrated application-specific cell-trapping array that can be used to conduct complete single cell experiments on different cell types.
|
|
| 9. |
- Abbott, Max, et al.
(author)
-
Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling: An International Collaboration
- 2013
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- While seen by many as a form of leisure and recreation, gambling can have serious repercussions for individuals, families, and society as a whole. The harmful effects of gambling have been studied for decades to attempt to understand individual differences in gambling engagement and the life- course of gamblingrelated problems. In this publication, we present a comprehensive, internationally relevant conceptual framework of “harmful gambling” that moves beyond a symptoms-based view of harm and addresses a broad set of factors related to population risk, community and societal effects. Interactive factors represented in the framework represent major themes in gambling that range from specific (gambling environment, exposure, types, and resources) to general (cultural, social, psychological, and biological). This framework has been created by international and interdisciplinary experts from a variety of stakeholder perspectives - including researchers, treatment providers, operators, policy makers, and individuals and their families - to facilitate an understanding of harmful gambling. It not only reflects the state of knowledge as it relates to factors influencing harmful gambling, but also acts to guide the development of future research programs and educate policy makers on issues related to harmful gambling. The Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre (Guelph, Ontario, Canada) has facilitated the development of the Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling and is committed to updating it over time.
|
|
| 10. |
- Abdul-Hussein, Saba, et al.
(author)
-
Phenotypes of Myopathy-Related Beta-Tropomyosin Mutants in Human and Mouse Tissue Cultures
- 2013
-
In: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mutations in TPM2 result in a variety of myopathies characterised by variable clinical and morphological features. We used human and mouse cultured cells to study the effects of beta-TM mutants. The mutants induced a range of phenotypes in human myoblasts, which generally changed upon differentiation to myotubes. Human myotubes transfected with the E41K-beta-TMEGFP mutant showed perinuclear aggregates. The G53ins-beta-TMEGFP mutant tended to accumulate in myoblasts but was incorporated into filamentous structures of myotubes. The K49del-beta-TMEGFP and E122K-beta-TMEGFP mutants induced the formation of rod-like structures in human cells. The N202K-beta-TMEGFP mutant failed to integrate into thin filaments and formed accumulations in myotubes. The accumulation of mutant beta-TMEGFP in the perinuclear and peripheral areas of the cells was the striking feature in C2C12. We demonstrated that human tissue culture is a suitable system for studying the early stages of altered myofibrilogenesis and morphological changes linked to myopathy-related beta-TM mutants. In addition, the histopathological phenotype associated with expression of the various mutant proteins depends on the cell type and varies with the maturation of the muscle cell. Further, the phenotype is a combinatorial effect of the specific amino acid change and the temporal expression of the mutant protein.
|
|
