| 51. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Online Newspapers : A Preliminary Study of Users' Demographics, Experiences and Habits
- 2001
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Ingår i: IRIS 24 : proceedings of the 24th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia : Ulvik, Norway, 11-14 August 2001. - Bergen : Department of Information Science, Univ. of Bergen. - 8273540723 ; , s. 519-532
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online newspapers and their audience are explored in this paper. Based upon an online questionnaire at four Swedish newspapers with a sample of more than 3800 answers collected, the paper presents some users’ experiences of the online newspapers. The paper reports on the users regarding age, gender and location. Reading frequency and reading habits are explored as well. The findings show that almost two thirds of the respondents are men and almost 65% are in the ages between 21-40. Almost two thirds of the respondents do not read the online newspaper in any specific order, and more than 80% prefer the paper edition of the newspaper. Several findings regarding navigation purposes were found and the paper also discusses the navigation and search aspects of the news sites.
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| 52. |
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| 53. |
- Jacobsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Malnutrition in patients suffering from chronic heart failure; the nurse's care
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 3:4, s. 449-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic heart failure is associated with a bad prognosis with considerably shortened survival and repeated hospitalisations. Patients suffering from heart failure also have symptoms that can affect their food intake, for example, tiredness when strained, breathing difficulties and gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, loss of appetite and ascites. Pharmacological therapy can lead to a loss of appetite, which will make the intake of food inadequate to fill the required energy and nutritional needs. The nurse's interest in and knowledge of diet issues can improve these patients' nutritional status, The aim of this literature review was to describe the nurse's interventions regarding malnutrition in patients suffering from chronic heart failure. The literature search gave 13 articles, which were analysed, and sentences whose content was related to the aim were identified. Three areas of content appeared; drug treatment and consequences, gastrointestinal effects, and information and education. The results show that the nutritional status of these patients can be significantly improved by means of simple nursing interventions. Future research should focus on controlled experimental studies to evaluate differences in body weight, body mass index and quality of life between patients suffering from chronic heart failure, who are taking part in a fully enriched nutrition intervention, and patients suffering from chronic heart failure, who are eating their normal diet.
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| 54. |
- Johansson, Jan-Olof, 1941-
(författare)
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Parameter-estimation in the auto-binomial model using the coding-and pseudo-likelihood method approached with simulated annealing and numerical optimization
- 2001
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Ingår i: Pattern Recognition Letters. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0167-8655 .- 1872-7344. ; 22:11, s. 1233-1246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In texture analysis, the Gibbs sampler constitutes an important tool in the generation of synthetic textures. The textures are modeled as distributions with specified parameters. In this paper, we study the estimation process of the parameters in such distributions and compare Besags coding method with a pseudo-likelihood method. We also compare simulated annealing with the Newton-Raphson method to find the global maximum of a likelihood or pseudo-likelihood function. For some textures, the two methods differ but in most case there are no important differences between them. The two maximization methods find the same maximum, but the Newton-Raphson method is much faster. However, the Newton-Raphson method cannot be applied in some cases when the location of the maximum differs too much from the starting points. Here, it is often possible to find the global maximum using simulated annealing. The methods have been used in an application with newsprint.
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| 55. |
- Johansson, Jörgen, 1958-
(författare)
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Regiondemokrati och politisk kommunikation
- 2001
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Ingår i: Politisk kommunikation och demokrati. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144018061 ; , s. 360-383
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 56. |
- Johansson, Mats
(författare)
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Clefts in contrast : a contrastive study of it clefts and wh clefts in English and Swedish texts and translations
- 2001
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Ingår i: Linguistics. - The Hague : Mouton. - 0024-3949 .- 1613-396X. ; 39:3, s. 547-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents corpus-elicited contrastive data relevant to the inter- and intralanguage study of cleft constructions. It is shown that even in closely related languages like English and Swedish, the frequency and distribution of different types of cleft constructions vary greatly. Previous approaches to the study of clefts in English have attempted to derive distributional differences between types of clefts from their syntactic, semantic, or informational properties, or from processing constraints. However, these analyses do not easily carry over to the contrastive data presented here. In particular, attempts to account for the distribution of different types of cleft in English in terms of independent factors cannot account for the correspondences found in translated texts. The aims of this paper are (1) to present a methodology for establishing differences between languages based on the study of authentic texts, (2) to show that closely related languages like English and Swedish differ in the frequency and distribution of different types of cleft, and (3) to propose a parameter along which the function of marked word-order constructions may vary across languages.
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| 57. |
- Johansson, Ulla
(författare)
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Grint, Keith, The arts of leadership
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Management Studies. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0022-2380 .- 1467-6486. ; 38:6, s. 900-903
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In The Arts of Leadership, Keith Grint tells eight narratives about leaders who can all be regarded as ‘great leaders’ by common standard. Yet none of them can be seen as role models for leadership. Nor do the stories fit those theories usually presented in textbooks about leadership. This is what Grint wants to demonstrate.
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| 58. |
- Johansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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IL-10-deficient B10.Q mice develop more severe collagen-induced arthritis, but are protected from arthritis induced with anti-type II collagen antibodies
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 0022-1767 .- 1550-6606. ; 167:6, s. 3505-3512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine with stimulatory and inhibitory properties, and is thought to have a protective role in rheumatoid arthritis and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). In this study, we investigated how IL-10 deficiency affects CIA and anti-collagen type II (CII) Ab-transferred arthritis in C57BL/10.Q (B10.Q) mice. The B10.Q.IL-10(-/-) mice had an 8-cM 129/Ola fragment around the IL-10 gene. The mice were treated with antibiotics, appeared healthy, and had no colitis. T cells from IL-10(-/-) mice expressed similar levels of IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 after mitogen stimulation; however, macrophages showed a reduced TNF-alpha production compared with IL-10(+/-) littermates. IL-10(-/-) mice had an increased incidence, and a more severe CIA disease than the IL-10(+/-) littermates. To study the role of IL-10 in T cell tolerance, IL-10(-/-) were crossed into mice carrying the immunodominant epitope, CII(256-270), in cartilage (MMC) or in skin (TSC). Both IL-10(-/-) and IL-10(+/-) MMC and TSC mice were completely tolerized against CIA, indicating that lack of IL-10 in this context did not break tolerance. To investigate whether IL-10 was important in the effector phase of CIA, arthritis was induced with anti-CII Abs. Surprisingly, IL-10(-/-) were less susceptible to Ab-transferred arthritis, as only 30% showed signs of disease compared with 90% of the littermates. Therefore, IL-10 seemed to have a protective role in CIA, but seemed to exacerbate the arthritogenicity of anti-CII Abs. These data emphasize the importance of studying IL-10 in a defined genetic context in vivo, to understand its role in a complex disease like arthritis.
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
- Jonasson, Mikael, 1962-
(författare)
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Technology as Place Dependent Practice - Traffic Lights
- 2001
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Ingår i: ESA, 2001 Helsinki. New Technologies and New Visions of Society. ; , s. 17 s.-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to discuss humans and technology, with focus on traffic lights, as place dependent. Relations between humans are complex and infrastructure, such as the traffic lights are seen as quasi-objects that stabilize social relations.
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