| 51. |
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| 52. |
- Hoang, Hoai, et al.
(författare)
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Deadline first scheduling in switched real-time Ethernet - deadline partitioning issues and software implementation experiments
- 2002
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Ingår i: Euromicro RTS 2002. - Los Alamitos, Calif. : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769516653 - 9780769516653 - 076951667X - 9780769516677 ; , s. 68-71
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents work on a switched Ethernet network extended to allow for earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling. We show by example that asymmetric deadline partitioning between the links of a real-time channel can increase the utilization substantially, still not violating the real-time guarantees. We also report measurements on a software implementation of the switch on an ordinary PC.
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| 53. |
- Hoang, Hoai, et al.
(författare)
-
Switched real-time Ethernet with earliest deadline first scheduling - protocols and traffic handling
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - Los Alamitos, Calif. : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769515738 - 9780769515731 - 0769515746 - 9780769515748 - 0769515754 - 9780769515755 ; 5:1, s. 105-115
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a strong interest of using the cheap and simple Ethernet technology for industrial and embedded systems. This far, however, the lack of real-time services has prevented this change of used network technology. This paper presents enhancements to full-duplex switched Ethernet for the ability of giving throughput and delay guarantees. The switch and the end-nodes controls the real-time traffic with Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling on the frame level. No modification to the Ethernet standard is needed in the network that supports both real-time and non-real-time TCP/IP communication. The switch is responsible for admission control where feasibility analysis is made for each link between source and destination. The switch broadcasts Ethernet frames regularly to clock synchronize the end nodes and to implement flow control for non-real-time traffic.
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| 54. |
- Husted, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Photorespiratory NH4+ Production in Leaves of Wild-Type and Glutamine Synthetase 2 Antisense Oilseed Rape
- 2002
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - Rockville : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 130:2, s. 989-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) plants to increasing leaf temperatures between 15°C and 25°C increased photorespiratory NH4+ production from 0.7 to 3.5 µmol m-2 s-1. Despite the 5-fold increase in the rate of NH4+ production, the NH4+ concentration in root and leaf tissue water and xylem sap dropped significantly, whereas that in the leaf apoplastic fluid remained constant. The in vitro activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in both leaves and roots also increased with temperature and in all cases substantially exceeded the observed rates of photorespiratory NH4+ production. The surplus of GS in oilseed rape plants was confirmed using GS2 antisense plants with 50% to 75% lower in vitro leaf GS activity than in the wild type. Despite the substantial reduction in GS activity, there was no tendency for antisense plants to have higher tissue NH4+ concentrations than wild-type plants and no overall correlation between GS activity and tissue NH4+ concentration was observed. Antisense plants exposed to leaf temperatures increasing from 14°C to 27°C or to a trifold increase in the O2 to CO2 ratio did not show any change in steady-state leaf tissue NH4+ concentration or in NH3 emission to the atmosphere. The antisense plants also had similar leaf tissue concentrations of glutamine, glycine, and serine as the wild type, whereas glutamate increased by 38%. It is concluded that photorespiration does not control tissue or apoplastic levels of NH4+ in oilseed rape leaves and, as a consequence, that photorespiration does not exert a direct control on leaf atmosphere NH3 fluxes.
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| 55. |
- Hviid Nielsen, Torben, et al.
(författare)
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Traditional blue and modern green resistance
- 2002. - 1
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Ingår i: Biotechnology. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 052177439X - 0521773172 ; , s. 179-202
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 56. |
- Iagnemma, Karl, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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On-Line Terrain Parameter Estimation for Planetary Rovers
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 0780372727 ; , s. 3142-3147
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Future planetary exploration missions will require rovers to traverse very rough terrain with limited human supervision. Wheel-terrain interaction plays a critical role in rough-terrain mobility. In this paper an on-line estimation method that identifies key terrain parameters using on-board rover sensors is presented. These parameters can be used for accurate traversability prediction or in a traction control algorithm. These parameters are also valuable indicators of planetary surface soil composition. Simulation and experimental results show that the terrain estimation algorithm can accurately and efficiently identify key terrain parameters for loose sand.
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| 57. |
- Ibrahim, Aseel, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Multimodal Dialogue Systems for Interactive TV Applications
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769518346 ; , s. 117-122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many studies have shown the advantages of building multimodal systems, but not in the interactive TV application context. This paper reports on a qualitative study of a multimodal program guide for interactive TV. The system was designed by adding speech interaction to an existing TV program guide. Results indicate that spoken natural language input combined with visual output is preferable for TV applications. Furthermore, user feedback requires a clear distinction between the dialogue system's domain result and system status in the visual output. Consequently, we propose an interaction model that consists of three entities: user, domain results, and system feedback. @ IEEE 2002
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| 58. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Local Swedish Newspapers Approaching e-Business?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Technology interactions. - Berlin : VWF. - 3897003570 ; , s. 81-91
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most Swedish newspapers have experienced receding advertising revenues during the last years and are now searching for new ways to profit from their online editions. We have conducted three future workshops with both management and end users to envision possible new services that could be profitable for the local newspapers. Furthermore we have conducted an online survey with users selected from a previous study. The objective of this paper is to describe these services and to give a user response to them. We have identified three kinds of services: advertisement services, intermediary services and news services. The results show that the end users preferred the intermediary services and that there is an interest for advertisements in a new setting.
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| 59. |
- Ihlström, Carina
(författare)
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Local Swedish Online Newspapers in Trouble? : New Services and New Roles
- 2002
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Ingår i: Succeeding in the new waves of e-business. - Hong Kong : City University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Business.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As the initial excitement over web publishing enters a more realistic phase many in the newspaper industry are beginning to ask hard questions about business models and economic success for their online newspaper ventures. Managers and editors-inchief at nine local newspapers in Sweden have been interviewed. One of the things they have in common is an expressed need for profiting from their online newsservices. 153 users of the news services of these nine newspapers have also been interviewed in order to get their view of possible new e-services. The objective of this paper is to describe the visions regarding the future from the newspaper managers’ point of view and the perceptions of the users regarding future e-services. The result show that the news sites are mainly financed by their media organizations and no one is profiting from their news sites today. The future plans of deepened news services and intermediary services were found interesting by about 20% of the users. More than 43% of the users considered themselves willing to pay for searchable archives.
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| 60. |
- Ihlström, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Myths and reality of electronic commerce barriers for SMES?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Issues and trends of information technology management in contemporary organizations. - Hershey : Idea Group Publishing. - 1930708394 ; , s. 282-284
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we look into earlier empirical research on the barriers to electronic commerce (EC) for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). We look into research conducted in the context of information and communications technologies (ICT) in general, as well as EDI and Internet based EC. We divide the barriers, inhibitors or factors slowing down the diffusion of new technologies found in literature into those internal to an organization, and those imposed by external forces. The basic premise of this paper is, that technologies advance or change, but the barriers for SMEs to adopt them do not.
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