| 61. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(författare)
-
Barriers to growth and development in small firms
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the extended summary is to develop the understanding of the existence and reasons behind barriers to growth and development in small firms. More specifically, four questions are addressed: (1) What do we know about the term barrier, how can it be defined? (2) What types of barriers to growth and development have been identified? (3) How can barriers to growth and development be addressed in a framework? and (4) How do the results of the appended papers (Papers I-V) contribute to the research field of barriers to growth and development?A literature review was undertaken to answer the first two questions. The literature review was conducted in two phases. The conceptual and operational definition of barriers was addressed in the first phase. The results reveal diverse ways of focusing on barriers, which made it necessary to address similar terms, such as problem and causes of business failure in the second phase of the literature review. The different terms used in the papers of the literature review are discussed in order to determine whether or not the understanding of their content is coherent and conceptual. Based on the conceptual understanding and definition of barriers, the different aspects focused on in the literature were discussed, which led to the second question, What are the various aspects of barriers to growth and development?The knowledge gained from the literature review and the development of the understanding of the barrier concept led to the third question, Can barriers to growth and development be addressed in a framework? The discussion takes its starting point in the studies identified in the literature review and is related to some of the appended papers (Papers I and II). Similarities and differences between frameworks used in the papers identified in the literature review are discussed and, based on this knowledge, a framework for barriers to growth and development in small firms is presented. The framework distinguishes two types of barriers, namely internal/external barriers and tangible/intangible barriers.The knowledge available in the reviewed papers within the field of barriers to growth and development in small firms in combination with the results from the appended papers (Papers I-V) resulted in the fourth question. Part of the contribution of the appended papers concerns the operational definition, for example that barriers to innovation should be categorised as either occurring or preventing firms from innovating (Paper II), while other contributions concern specific types of barriers, for example the importance of managerial skills (Paper V). Overall, the contribution focuses on conditional factors, such as strategy and planning, organisation and management, and institution and policy factors, in relation to growth and development.
|
|
| 62. |
- Barth, Henrik
(författare)
-
Fit among competitive strategy, administrative mechanisms, and performance : A comparative study of small firms in mature and new industries
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of small business management (Print). - Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0047-2778 .- 1540-627X. ; 41:2, s. 133-147
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At least two different administrative mechanisms are available for the small business manager to develop and to pursue a competitive strategy. One refers to managerial skills needed to implement and to follow the competitive strategy chosen by the firm. The other refers to the design of organization structure - that is, how job tasks are divided, grouped, and coordinated. This paper argues that the fit among the competitive strategy followed by a firm, the utilization of the administrative mechanisms, and the performance of the firm is related to industry maturity.
|
|
| 63. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(författare)
-
Tillväxthinder i mindre företag
- 2001. - 1
-
Ingår i: Tillväxtföretagen i Sverige. - Stockholm : SNS förlag. - 9171508376 ; , s. 234-249
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 64. |
|
|
| 65. |
- Bengtsson, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Localization in changing environments - Estimation of a covariance matrix for the IDC algorithm
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 2001 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. Expanding the Societal Role of Robotics in the the Next Millennium (Cat. No.01CH37180). - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE. - 0780366123 ; , s. 1931-1937
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously we have presented a new scan-matching algorithm, based on the IDC - Iterative Dual Correspondence- algorithm, which showed a good localization performance even in the case of severe changes in the environment. The Problem of the IDC-algorithm is that there is no good way to estimate the covariance matrix of the position estimate, which prohibits an effective fusion with other position estimates from other sensors, e.g by means of the Kalman filter. In this paper we present a new way to estimate the covariance matrix, by estimating the Hessian matrix of the error function that is minimized by the IDC scan-matching algorithm. Simulation results show that the estimated covariance matrix correspond well to the real one.
|
|
| 66. |
- Bengtsson, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Robot localization based on scan-matching - estimating the covariance matrix for the IDC algorithm
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Robotics and Autonomous Systems. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0921-8890 .- 1872-793X. ; 44:1, s. 29-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously presented a new scan-matching algorithm based on the IDC (iterative dual correspondence) algorithm, which showed a good localization performance even in environments with severe changes. The problem of the IDC algorithm is that there is no good way to estimate a covariance matrix of the position estimate, which prohibits an effective fusion with other position estimates of other sensors. This paper presents two new ways to estimate the covariance matrix. The first estimates the covariance matrix from the Hessian matrix of the error function minimized by the scan-matching algorithm. The second one, which is an off-line method, estimates the covariance matrix of a specific scan, from a specific position by simulating and matching scans around the position. Simulation results show that the covariance matrix provided by the off-line method fully corresponds with the real one. Some preliminary tests on real data indicate that the off-line method gives a good quality value of a specific scan position, which is of great value in map building.
|
|
| 67. |
- Bergenhem, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
A Pipelined Ring Network - Heterogeneous Real-time in Radar Signal Processing
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Applied Informatics. - : ACTA Press. - 0889863415 ; , s. 825-832
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents results of simulations done with the CCR-EDF (Control Channel based Ring network with EDF scheduling) pipelined ring network together with a case study of system area networks for radar signal processing. The topology of the network is a pipelined unidirectional fibre-ribbon ring that supports several simultaneous transmissions in non-overlapping segments. Access to the network is divided into slots. In each slot the node that has the highest priority message is permitted to transmit. This feature of the medium access protocol gives the network the functionality for earliest deadline first scheduling. Different classes of traffic are supported for the user. These are guaranteed logical real-time channels (LRTC), best effort (BE) channels and non real-time (NRT) traffic. The case study used is from an airborne radar signal processing (RSP) application. Results of the simulations indicate that the CCR-EDF network works well with the RSP application studied.
|
|
| 68. |
- Bergenhem, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis problems in a spatial reuse ring network with a simple clocking strategy
- 2002
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This technical report describes the problems associated with analysis of a spatial reuse ring network with a clock strategy also used in previously studied ring networks. The aim for the analysis was to find the worst case deterministic throughput. Some results are achieved and are presented. A worst case bound is found and this can be used for analysing feasibility of message connection sets. However, the bound is pessimistic and does not utilise the bandwidth reuse features of the network. This result does not meet the expectations that where foreseen because the medium access method inherently supports distributed global deadline scheduling. It is concluded that the current clock strategy of the network is the cause of the problems. It is also concluded that the analysis is complicated by the clocking strategy and that by introducing small changes in the network (will be presented in a separate paper), the analysis of the real-time performance will be much simpler. This will lead to a network with less pessimistic assumptions and hence better support for real-time traffic.
|
|
| 69. |
- Bergenhem, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
Fibre-ribbon pipeline ring network with distributed global deadline scheduling and deterministic user services
- 2001
-
Ingår i: International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops, 2001. - Los Alamitos : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769512607 ; , s. 311-318
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces a novel, fair medium access protocol for a pipelined optical ring network. The protocol provides global deadline scheduling of packets. Requests for sending packets are sent by the nodes in the network to a master node. The master uses the deadline information in the requests to determine which packet is most urgent. Arbitration is done in two steps, the collection and distribution phases. The protocol is therefore called two-cycle medium access (TCMA). The network is best suited for LANs and SANs (system area networks) such as a high speed network in a cluster of computers or in an embedded parallel computer. Offered services in this network include best effort messages, guarantee seeking messages, real-time virtual channels, functions used in parallel processing. These are possible without additional higher level protocols. A simulation analysis of the network with the protocol is presented. Further analysis shows minimum slot length and fairness of the protocol.
|
|
| 70. |
- Bergenhem, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
Fibre-ribbon ring network with inherent support for earliest deadline first message scheduling
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Proceedings. - Los Alamitos, Calif. : IEEE. - 0769515738 ; , s. 157-163
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a network with earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling on a per slot basis. The network is called CCR-EDF (Control Channel based Ring network with EDF scheduling). The topology is a pipelined unidirectional fibre-ribbon ring that supports several simultaneous transmissions in non-overlapping segments and with dedicated fibres for clock and arbitration. In each slot the node that has highest priority generates the clock. The clock hand over strategy together with the scheduling feature gives the network the functionality for earliest deadline scheduling of periodic messages belonging to logical real-time connections. Logical realtime connections may be added and removed during runtime, through admission control. Guaranteed realtime communication service is supported to the user. Other services include best effort traffic and special services for parallel and distributed processing such as barrier synchronisation and global reduction.
|
|
