| 41. |
- Brüntrup, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Africa, regional cooperation and the world market : socio-economic strategies in times of global trade regimes
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under the regime of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), local and regional policies are increasingly determined by global factors. One example is the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). It stresses an earlier notion of African Renaissance, which includes the emphasis on collective self-reliance, but at the same time seeks closer cooperation with the global trade system and its international agencies. Bi- and multilateral trade relations between external actors and individual African states or regional blocs are becoming ever more decisive. This is also true of the more recently negotiated Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) in the post-Lomé era of EU-African relations. In light of such trends the question of coherence between trade as aid and other areas of development strategy and cooperation remains to be answered. The contributions to this Discussion Paper reflect upon related matters of socio-economically viable strategies seeking to reconcile the global and the regional in an African perspective. They were originally presented to the Panel 'Regional Cooperation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Between Collective Self-Reliance and Global Trade Regimes'” organised by the Nordic Africa Institute within the 11th General Conference of the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI) in September 2005 in Bonn.
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| 42. |
- Bull-Christiansen, Lene
(författare)
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Tales of the nation : feminist nationalism or patriotic history?
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In light of the uses and misuses of history in Zimbabwean politics in recent years, this research report focuses on how versions of the country’s liberation war history have become a site of struggle over the definition of Zimbabwean national identity. As identity politics’often do, Zimbabwean nationalism draws on a wide field of cultural symbols of identity and political discourses of inclusion and exclusion. Therefore, the report takes a cross-disciplinary approach to the issue of national identity by mapping out the imaginary field of Zimbabwean nationalism. This approach opens up the possibility of cross-reading the political discourses of the President and the ruling party ZANU (PF) with opposing voices such as those in the works of the author Yvonne Vera. This cross-reading shows how Vera's novels and the political discourses participate in the struggle over Zimbabwean national identity by offering different versions of the nation’s history in the form of patriotic history, feminist nationalism, or narratives of difference. In this way the research report adds to our understanding of power and resistance in Zimbabwean politics of national identity.
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| 43. |
- Buur, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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State recognition of traditional authority in Mozambique : the nexus of community representation and state assistance
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How should the Mozambican traditional leaders' double role as community representatives and state assistants be captured? This discussion paper addresses some fundamental questions pertaining to the 2002 official recognition of traditional leaders as community authorities. After a brief history of the changing role of, and faith in, traditional authorities as a basis for understanding the importance of their recent official recognition, the paper outlines the key objectives of the Decree 15/2000 that officially recognises community authorities. Some of the key concepts underpinning the Decree are then critically assessed. It is argued that the double role that community authorities are expected to fulfil as both community-representatives and state-assistants is not equally balanced in the Decree: the scale tips heavily towards the state-assistance aspect. The reasons for this are explored in the context of a set of reified notions underpinning the Decree, such as its understanding of 'traditional rules' and the concept of 'community'. The paper concludes by pointing out some unintended con-sequences of these reified notions for kin-based forms of community authority and especially for the ideal of community participation.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Campbell, Bonnie K., et al.
(författare)
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Enjeux des nouvelles réglementations minières en Afrique
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Une des hypothèses qui sous-tend les discussions et une des recommandations centrales du Rapport de la « Extractive Industries Review » publié en 2003 par le Groupe de la Banque mondiale est celle selon laquelle la gouvernance d'un pays est un des facteurs déterminants de la contribution des industries extractives au développement. Cette étude comparative de la réforme des codes miniers en Afrique démontre que bien que la qualité de la gouvernance nationale soit certes un ingrédient clé, elle n'est pas une condition suffisante si elle n'est pas accompagnée de cadres réglementaires légaux et fiscaux appropriés pour atteindre des objectifs de développement et mis en application dans un contexte de bonnes politiques et de règles équitables au niveau international.À partir de l'analyse de cinq études de cas, (le Ghana, la Guinée, le Mali, Madagascar et la Tanzanie), le volume suggère que les réformes introduites au cours des vingt dernières années, en large mesure sur recommandation des institutions multilatérales de financement, ont impliqué une redéfinition si profonde du rôle de l'État qu'elle est sans précédent historique. L'étude comparative de trois générations de codes miniers africains mène à la conclusion que ces réformes ont pour effet d'abaisser les normes dans des domaines critiques pour le développement économique et social et pour la protection de l'environnement et ce, dans un nombre croissant de situations.La question qui se pose à partir de cette étude est de savoir si un pays qui libéralise et déréglemente afin d'être compétitif dans le contexte des nouvelles normes et incitations à l'investissement et qui respecte ses obligations auprès de l'OMC, peutêtre en mesure de faire respecter ses normes environnementales et de poursuivre ses objectifs de développement comme par exemple d'établir des liens en amont et en aval de l'extraction des ressources naturelles afin de favoriser la valeur ajoutée grâce à la transformation locale, ou d'introduire des restrictions à l'import ou l'export si nécessaire afin d'encourager un contenu en intrants locaux et des industries productives locales. La réponse paraît moins que certaine.
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| 46. |
- Campbell, Bonnie K., et al.
(författare)
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Regulating mining in Africa : for whose benefit?
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the main hypotheses underlying much of the discussion about extractive industries, and a central recommendation in the Report of the World Bank Group's Extractive Industries Review, is that the quality of a country's governance is a key determinant of the development outcomes of extractive industry activities. While the quality of national governance is undoubtedly a key ingredient, this comparative study of mining code reform in Africa seeks to demonstrate that no amount of local governance is sufficient if it is not accompanied by legal and fiscal frameworks designed to meet development objectives, and implemented in the context of good international policies and rules. Based on five case studies (Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Madagascar, and Tanzania), the volume suggests that the reform measures introduced largely on the recommendation of multilateral financial institutions over the last twenty years have entailed a redefinition of the role of the state so profound that it is without historical precedent. The comparative study of three generations of African mining codes concludes that past reforms have the potential to drive down standards in areas of critical importance to social and economic development, as well as to protecting the environment in the countries concerned.The question that arises from this study is whether a country which deregulates and liberalises in order to be fully competitive in the context of evolving norms and incentives, and which respects its obligations under WTO rules, can, indeed, ensure the enforcement of environmental norms, pursue development objectives that build backward and forward linkages to resource extraction (such as value added processing of minerals), and introduce "trade balancing," involving, if necessary, export/import restrictions to increase local content and stimulate local productive activities. At best, the answer to this question appears to be uncertain, leading to the further question: Regulating mining - for whose benefit?
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| 47. |
- Cheru, Fantu
(författare)
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Africa's development in the 21st century : Reshaping the research agenda
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As Africa enters the 21st century, it faces mounting challenges as well as new opportunities. Unlike in the 1980s and the 1990s, however, the conditions for Africa's sustained growth and development are more favourable today than ever before. As a result of economic reforms the overall growth has been in excess of 4.5 percent annually since the mid 1990s. There is greater consensus among Africans now than at any previous time on what needs to be done to accelerate growth, reduce poverty and promote sustainable development. The positive response of Africa's international partners enhances the prospects for sustaining the progress. Africa is also benefiting from a commodity boom and increased investment in infrastructure and the extractive industry sector. But many questions remain unanswered. The most pressing question is how Africa can best benefit from the rise of the Asian giants, China and India.
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| 48. |
- Cheru, Fantu, et al.
(författare)
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Can globalization work for Africa?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Africa: Political partner and global actor - opportunities and challenges. - : Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. - 9788271776725 ; , s. 97-106
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Cheru, Fantu
(författare)
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The urban challenge in Africa
- 2009
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Ingår i: SPACE. - Seoul : SPACE Magazine. ; 200902:495, s. 92-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
- Chitando, Anna
(författare)
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Imagining a peaceful society : a vision of children's literature in a post-conflict Zimbabwe
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Imagining a Peaceful Society: A Vision of Children's Literature in a Post-Conflict Zimbabwe addresses the marginalisation of children's literature from the discourse on conflict and peace building in Africa. By presenting a unique perspective to how writers of children's literature, and children themselves understand, grapple with, and envision peace in a post-conflict Zimbabwean society, this Discussion Paper calls attention to the immense, but largely untapped potential of literature as a critical resource for the promotion peace in Africa.
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