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- Edkvist, Ingela, 1957-
(författare)
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The performance of tradition : An ethnography of Hira Gasy popular theatre in Madagascar
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study deals with the popular theatre performance of Hira Gasy, and its actors andaudiences in the central highland regions of Imerina and northern Betsileo in Madagascar. The Hira Gasy has developed from a court to a rural performance during the last two centuries, a period influenced by first the British and then by the French presence in the country. Today, the performances are given in diverse contexts, the most common being in connection with reburial ceremonies. The Hira Gasy troupes all have a common form of their performance, with speeches, songs, acrobatics, dance and music, while the content is unique for each troupe, although given in a culturally recognized form. The study is based on 19 months of fieldwork divided into five periods between1991 and 1996. The main argument is that the Hira Gasy performances provide a forumin which the problems of identification and belonging are discussed. The `foreigner' isused as a `mirror image' for the rural and the poor in their aims to assert and shape theirsense of belonging in a changing society. The symbols of identification - the ancestralland, the common tomb, and the family solidarity - are felt to be threatened by increasingindividualization and the decrease in the fulfillment of the ancestral duties. For the ruralpoor their feelings of marginality and powerlessness in relation to the economically andpolitically powerful urban elite are expressed in Hira Gasy. Through the practice ofcustom they sustain their moral dignity, which is one of the most important means inorder to remain malagasy. The Hira Gasy performances are indigenious arenas for existential and moral discussions, and for providing a sense of belonging in a problematic reality shaped by both the `way of the ancestors' and the `way of the foreign'.
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- Francia, Guadalupe, 1961-
(författare)
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Policy som text och som praktik : en analys av likvärdighetsbegreppet i 1990-talets utbildningsreform för det obligatoriska skolväsendet
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between policy as text and policy as practice, with a focus on Swedish educational reform in the 1990s in regard to comprehensive schooling.School reform in the 1990s has resulted in major changes in Swedish compulsory education. The reform has encompassed a new form of steering system, a new financing system, a new curriculum, new syllabi, a new national employment policy for teachers, a new grading system, and increased privatization of schools.All of these changes are analyzed in the study with reference to equivalence in the discourses on the national, municipal and school levels. The analysis of the concept of equivalence is linked to the following specific meanings of the concept: equality of opportunity; equality in regard to resources; equality in regard to achievement; and free choice.The empirical data for this thesis has the following components:An inter-textual text analysis of the central national steering documents;Four case studies that deal with the implementation of the reform at the municipal and school levels. These case studies include a text analysis of the municipalities' and the schools' plans, individual and group interviews with school staff at the municipal and school levels, as well as classroom observations conducted in six schools;A questionnaire which deals with the right to choose a school in another municipality, distributed to all of the municipalities in two counties; andAn analysis of the first twenty-two independent Islamic schools established in Sweden during the period 1993 and 1998.The results of the aforementioned studies are the following:Educational policy documents function in practice as inter-textual interventions;In practice free interpretation and opposition occur;Reform is a complex interaction between texts and the practitioners (municipal employees, school personnel);Reform is not an occurrence, but rather a process;Reform is a compromise;Reform has an inter-textual character;The concept of equivalence has diverse meanings:The occurrence of diverse and conflicting discourses, in regard to equivalence and within the framework for the same reform, gives rise to conflicts in practice;Goal steering has the potential to promote equivalence in regard to achievement equality as prescribed in the curriculum, which requires that all pupils are expected to achieve the obligatory goals;The shortcomings of the reform in regard to the evaluation phase limit the implementation of the requirements for equivalence as achievement equality in accordance with the curriculum; andNegative expectations in relation to certain groups of pupils limit the extent to which the requirements of achievement equality can be implemented in accordance with the curriculum
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- Granqvist, Claes-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Towards the smart window : progress in electrochromics
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. - 0022-3093 .- 1873-4812. ; 218, s. 273-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochromic devices have the ability to produce reversible and persistent changes of their optical properties. The phenomenon is associated with joint ion and electron transport into/out of an electrochromic thin film, in most cases being a transition metal oxide. This paper outlines the various applications of such devices in smart windows suitable for energy-conscious architecture, in variable-reflectance mirrors, and in display devices. Critical materials issues and design concepts are discussed. The paper also covers two specific research topics: computed electronic structure of crystalline WO3 incorporating ionic species, showing how reflectance modulation emerges from a first-principles calculation; and Li+ dynamics in heavily disordered Ti oxide, illustrating how diffusion constants derived from impedance spectroscopy can be reconciled with the Anderson—Stuart model.
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- Gustavsson, Michael
(författare)
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Saussure on identity
- 1999
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Ingår i: Identity. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144011504 ; , s. 157-166, s. 157-166
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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