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- Peña, R., et al.
(författare)
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The Nicaraguan health and demographic surveillance site, HDSS-León : A platform for public health research
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 36:3, s. 318-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in Leon, Nicaragua and to present results from the 2002-2003 baseline. Design and methods: A 22% sample of the total population in Leon, both urban and rural, was selected in 1993. This sample was updated in 2002 and will be followed up on a biannual basis with regard to births, deaths, in-migration, and out-migration. A group of 18 female fieldworkers perform 10 household interviews per day, 20 days per month. They use a map that is produced by a Geographical Information System. It shows all the households, and is the main means of the interviewers finding the households. An extensive data quality control system is used. Results: In total, 54,647 persons lived in the area of the surveillance system, and they resided in 10,994 households. The mean age was 26 years;, the sex ratio was 0.93. The infant and neonatal mortality rates were 25.4 and 20.5 per 1,000 live births, respectively. In total, 2,034 people out-migrated from the study area and 3,377 in-migrated. Of the households, 53% were classified as non-poor, 41% as poor, and 6% as extremely poor. Six per cent of the population did not have a toilet or a latrine, and only 16% in the rural area had indoor running water. The surveillance system revealed that 10% were illiterate. Conclusions: The HDSS in Leon has shown that it can serve as a platform for further intervention studies as well as for research training.
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| 3. |
- Pena, R., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating a peer intervention strategy for the promotion of sexual health-related knowledge and skills in 10- to 14-year-old girls. Findings from the "Entre Amigas" project in Nicaragua
- 2008
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Ingår i: American Journal of Health Promotion. - 0890-1171 .- 2168-6602. ; 22:4, s. 275-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. Report effects on knowledge of sexual health and gender from an intervention using peer methodology in Nicaragua. Design. A prepost nonequivalent control group design. Setting. Ciudad Sandino, Managua, Nicaragua. Subjects. A total of 599 girls were surveyed, 60% nonintervened and 40% intervened. Intervention. Peer methodology consisted of (1) meetings in which. girls talked and worked with other girls, (2) mothers taking an active role in the peer groups, and/or (3) girls watching the soap opera "Sexto Sentido." Measures. Indices measuring changes in sexual knowledge and gender vision. Results. Girls participating in the peer groups were twice us likely to have satisfactory sexual health-related self-esteem as those who did not participate. Eleven percent of the girls achieved satisfactory self-esteem as a result of the (peer groups X mothers) interaction and 15% due to the (peer groups X mothers X "Sexto Sentido') interaction. Girls participating in the peer groups were three times as likely to have satisfactory gender visions; if exposed to all three components, they were almost four times as likely to develop satisfactory gender visions. Conclusions. Peer methodology, participation of a female family member, and an educational soap opera seem beneficial in promoting sexual health-related knowledge and gender vision in young girls.
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