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- Bortz, Olof, 1984-
(författare)
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"I wanted to know how this deed was done" : Raul Hilberg, the Holocaust and History
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Raul Hilberg was a pioneer of Holocaust studies and for many decades the Holocaust scholar par excellence. He embarked upon the study of the Nazi genocide after the war, and established the understanding of the Holocaust as a bureaucratically administered “destruction process,” carried out by men who were not different from the German population in general. The present study analyzes and contextualizes his understanding of the Nazi genocide and the Jewish victims’ response to it, as well as the reception of Hilberg’s magnum opus, The Destruction of the European Jews, in relation to scholarly, political and personal contexts. It shows that Hilberg’s major work was far more favorably received than previously believed and that the negative reactions to his thesis on Jewish reactions was a response to the positive reception of his book, as well as an expression of a wider shift in scholarly and popular perceptions of the behavior of Jewish victims during the Holocaust.Hilberg’s interest in bureaucracy allowed him to depart from the focus on the Nazi leadership and the interpretation of the Holocaust as a premeditated and centrally organized genocide. The connection to modernity made him interpret it as a form of ominous progress, carrying implications for modern societies in general, as opposed to the interpretation of Nazism and the Holocaust as a form of atavistic aberration. However, Hilberg’s emphasis on the modern character of the genocide also led to a form of veneration of its efficiency.Hilberg has been much criticized for his argument that the Jewish victims contributed to their own demise by repeating an outdated and historically conditioned reaction to persecution, which assisted the perpetrators. This study explores his thesis regarding the “Jewish reaction pattern,” as an integral part of his work, which he used as a contrast to what he regarded as the successful and future oriented destruction process. It moreover advances a novel interpretation of this controversial part of Hilberg’s research, seeing it as a call for political action emptied of its positive dimension, and a form of negative historiographical empowerment of the victims.
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- Heuman, Johannes, 1980-
(författare)
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The Quest for Recognition : The Holocaust and French Historical Culture, 1945–65
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates the development of Holocaust remembrance in France, taking the activities of the Centre de documentation juive contemporaine in Paris as its focus. By looking at the construction, function, and reception of Holocaust narratives in the twenty years following the end of the War, it shows how remembrance took shape within French historical culture, and, conversely, how representations of the genocide influenced France’s national-historical culture.Despite the lack of an established name of this genocide, two principal narratives can be distinguished during the two first post-war decades. The most important has been called the affirmative narrative, which served to confirm the post-war French republic and positive relations between Jews and non-Jews. The project to build the Tombeau du Martyr Juif Inconnu, Europe’s first major Holocaust institution to combine a research centre, museum, and a memorial, embodied this way of representing the genocide.A functional perspective on historical culture has been employed to contextualise the representations of the Holocaust, and to trace the historical-cultural shifts and the various interests and needs that propelled them. History-writing in the late 1940s, for example, was related to a moral use of history, influenced by the war crimes trials, whereas the dawning political radicalisation in the 1960s prompted public protests against antisemitism where the Holocaust had a legitimating function.The thesis proposes that the development of Holocaust remembrance in France was a gradual process, not primarily dictated by sharp turning-points such as the Eichmann trial in 1961. By associating the genocide with heroic aspects in the French historical culture, and avoiding the conflicting heritage of the Vichy regime, the quest for recognition of the Jewish experiences was successful in the late 1950s and 1960s.
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- Sennefelt, Karin, 1972-
(författare)
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Den politiska sjukan : Dalupproret 1743 och frihetstida politisk kultur
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation deals with political culture in the Age of Liberty as it is manifested in the uprising in Dalarna in 1743. The object of the study is the political repertoire used by the peasants – a combination of utilisation of political institutions and different forms of protest such as tax boycotts and a march from Dalarna to the capital. Emphasis has been placed on the interactive aspects of the movement. Thereby, the repertoire used by central authorities to suppress the movement is equally important. Results show that the peasants formed their actions in close connection with the reactions they were met with by the authorities. Initially, the attempts to demobilise the peasants’ movement actually facilitated its mobilisation.As the peasants’ political repertoire is uncovered, it has been possible to study the movement’s mobilisation process through the use of mobilising structures, political opportunities, and interpretative processes. Hence, the significance of the uprising to the protesters is clarified. The protesters viewed their actions as part of an ongoing political debate, legitimised by the government’s neglect of its obligations towards the people, rather than as a subversive uprising.The Dalarna uprising of 1743 was an integral part of political culture in the Age of Liberty through its combined use of formal and informal political institutions and arenas. The uprising is an eloquent expression of the increasing political assertiveness among the peasantry and the peasant estate in Sweden in the eighteenth century.
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