| 1. |
- Andersson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Pancreatic cancer–the past, the present, and the future
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 57:10, s. 1169-1177
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Pancreatic cancer has been and still is associated with a very poor prognosis. This is due to a lack of major breakthroughs with respect to early diagnosis, prognostication, prediction, as well as novel, targeted therapies. The benefits of surgery and chemotherapy are evident, but the fact that only some 10% of all patients have early, localized disease highlights the unmet need for new early detection methods. An improved understanding of tumor biology and the development of molecular markers detectable both in the circulation and in cancer tissues may underlie the development of new tools for optimizing both diagnosis and treatment. Material and methods: Review of the literature. Results and conclusion: If we do not improve precision oncology for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the prognosis will still remain dismal and the” burden” on society will increase substantially.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Centrosomal Abnormalities in Pancreatic Cancer : Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
- 2018
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 38:3, s. 1241-1245
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The centrosome is the main microtubule-organizing center in human cells. It regulates normal cell-cycle progression and cell division. Aberrations in the number, structure and function of centrosomes have been found to drive genomic instability and tumorigenesis. Pancreatic cancer frequently displays centrosomal aberrations. Supernumerary and abnormal centrosomes are observed in the earliest stages of pancreatic tumor development, and the p53 pathway acts as an initial barrier to the proliferation of cells with extra centrosomes. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of centrosomal aberrations in pancreatic cancer, focusing on regulatory mechanisms and prospects for future anticancer treatment.
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| 4. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic pancreatitis: potential future interventions.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 45:9, s. 1022-1028
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic pancreatitis is a common disorder of which the underlying pathogenic mechanisms still are incompletely understood. In the last decade, increasing evidence has shown that activated pancreatic stellate cells play a key role in the fibrosis development associated with chronic pancreatitis as well as pancreatic cancer. During pancreatic injury or inflammation, quiescent stellate cells undergo a phenotypic transformation, characterized by smooth muscle alpha-actin expression and increased synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins. Hitherto, specific therapies to prevent or reverse pancreatic fibrosis are unavailable. This review addresses current insights into pathological mechanisms underlying chronic pancreatitis and their applicability as concerns the development of potential future therapeutic approaches.
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| 5. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis and management of duodenal perforations : a narrative review
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 54:8, s. 939-944
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Duodenal perforation is a rare, but potentially life-threatening injury. Multiple etiologies are associated with duodenal perforations such as peptic ulcer disease, iatrogenic causes and trauma. Computed tomography with intravenous and oral contrast is the most valuable imaging technique to identify duodenal perforation. In some cases, surgical exploration may be necessary for diagnosis. Specific treatment depends upon the nature of the disease process that caused the perforation, the timing, location and extent of the injury and the clinical condition of the patient. Conservative management seems to be feasible in stable patients with sealed perforations. Immediate surgery is required for patients presenting with peritonitis and/or intra-abdominal sepsis. Minimally invasive techniques are safe and effective alternatives to conventional open surgery in selected patients with duodenal perforations. Here we review the current literature on duodenal perforations and discuss the outcomes of different treatment strategies.
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| 6. |
- Ansari, David, et al.
(författare)
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Pancreatic cancer and thromboembolic disease, 150 years after Trousseau.
- 2015
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Ingår i: HepatoBiliary surgery and nutrition. - 2304-3881. ; 4:5, s. 325-335
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The connection between pancreatic cancer and venous thrombosis has been discussed for almost 150 years. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms are still partly understood, but it is known that pancreatic cancer induces a prothrombotic and hypercoagulable state and genetic events involved in neoplastic transformation (e.g., KRAS, c-MET, p53), procoagulant factors [e.g., tissue factor (TF), platelet factor 4 (PF4), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1)], mucin production (e.g., through activation of P- and L-selectin) and pro-inflammatory factors [e.g., cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)] may be implicated. Also pancreatitis, both acute and chronic, is associated with increased risk of venous thrombosis, but in this circumstance a direct inflammatory process may be more important. This article discusses the incidence, treatment and outcome of venous thromboembolism (VTE) complicating pancreatic disease, with special emphasis on new knowledge obtained during the last fifteen years.
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| 7. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Pancreatic cancer : Disease dynamics, tumor biology and the role of the microenvironment
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 9:5, s. 6644-6651
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatic cancer is known for its propensity to metastasize. Recent studies have challenged the commonly held belief that pancreatic cancer is a stepwise process, where tumor cells disseminate late in primary tumor development. Instead it has been suggested that pancreatic tumor cells may disseminate early and develop independently and in parallel to the primary tumor. Circulating tumor cells can be found in most patients with pancreatic cancer, even in those with localized stage. Also, recent phylogenetic analyses have revealed evidence for a branched evolution where metastatic lineages can develop early in tumor development. In this Review, we discuss current models of pancreatic cancer progression and the importance of the tumor microenvironment, in order to better understand the recalcitrant nature of this disease.
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| 8. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Pancreatic cancer stroma : controversies and current insights
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 52:6-7, s. 641-646
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatic cancer is characterized by a dense stromal response. The stroma includes a heterogeneous mass of cells, including pancreatic stellate cells, fibroblasts, immune cells and nerve cells, as well as extracellular matrix proteins, cytokines and growth factors, which interact with the tumor cells. Previous research has indicated that stromal elements contribute to tumor growth and aggressiveness. However, recent studies suggest that some elements of the stroma may actually restrain the tumor. This review focuses on the complex interactions between the stromal microenvironment and tumor cells, discussing molecular mechanisms and potential future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches by targeting the stroma.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Positron emission tomography in malignancies of the liver, pancreas and biliary tract - indications and potential pitfalls.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 48:3, s. 259-265
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Malignancies of the hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) system are relatively common and generally characterized by a dismal prognosis. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional imaging technique that has emerged as an important modality in oncological decision-making. The principal radiopharmaceutical in PET imaging is the glucose analog (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose, which is able to detect altered glucose metabolism in malignant tissue. PET is typically used in conjunction with computed tomography (CT), and previous studies have supported several uses of PET/CT in HPB malignancies, including staging, differential diagnostics and monitoring of treatment response and progress of disease. A review of PET/CT in the context of HPB malignancies will be presented, including indications and potential pitfalls.
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