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- Cherkasov, A. R., et al.
(författare)
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Correlation analysis in the chemistry of free radicals
- 2001
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Ingår i: Uspehi himii. - 0042-1308 .- 1817-5651. ; 70:1, s. 3-27
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Published data available by now on the use of correlation analysis in the free-radical chemistry are discussed systematically. The scales of <> sigma -constants of substituents proposed previously are analysed. It is shown that none of them is suitable as a general scale because almost in all cases, it is impossible to separate correctly the proper radical and polar contributions to the overall effect of substituents. A new approach to the quantitative estimation of the relationship between the structure and reactivity of molecules in free-radical processes is proposed and called r(-2)-analysis.
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| 5. |
- Lomakin, Ilya V.
(författare)
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Чайлдфри или добровольно бездетные? К переопределению концептуального поля исследований не-родительства в России
- 2019
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Ingår i: Monitoring Obshchestvennogo Mneniya: Ekonomicheskie i Sotsial'nye Peremeny. - : VCIOM, Russia (Russian Public Opinion Research Center). - 2219-5467. ; 154:6, s. 394-436
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The essay is an attempt to distinguish between the semantic notion of "childfree" and that of "voluntary childlessness" taking into account the Russian specifics. The author consistently describes socio-political content of the Russian research field emphasizing the conservative pro-natal trends of the recent years. The paper considers the origins of the conceptual field of non-parenthood and the evolution of the related research area. For the first time in the Russian-language scientific literature, the National Organization of Non-Parents, a key actor in childfree activism, is described in detail. In addition, based on the data of a survey conducted in 2014-2016, the author examines the "chayldfri" (childfree) category and the notion of "dobrovolnaya bezdetnost" (voluntary childlessness) internalized in the Russian-language discourse. The author also outlines the semantic points framing these notions and leveling off the tendency to equate these notions in the everyday and scientific discourses. By criticizing the use of the childfree notion in the Russian-language practice, the author proposes to apply the notion of voluntary childlessness as the latter one is wider, more fundamental and less complex semantically. The article also explores the widely used notion of "childhate" and the phenomenon of regretting parenthood. The author offers a heuristically valuable alternative to each of them. In conclusion, the author redefines the notions discussed in the article and proposes a conceptual framework for further research on voluntary childlessness in the Russian context.
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| 7. |
- Malmgren, Kristina, 1952
(författare)
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[Management of status epilepticus]
- 2005
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Ingår i: Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. ; 105:10, s. 69-71
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Morelle, Johann, et al.
(författare)
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Рекомендации международного общества перитонеального диализа по оценке дисфункции перитонеальной мембраны у взрослых : классификация, методы оценки, интерпретация и обоснования для вмешательства
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nephrology and Dialysis. - 1680-4422. ; 25:2, s. 232-266
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peritoneal dialysis (PD) uses the peritoneal membrane for dialysis. The peritoneal membrane is a thin layer of tissue that lines the abdomen. The lining is used as a filter to help remove extra fluid and poisonous waste from the blood. Everybody is unique. What is normal for one person’s membrane may be very different from another person’s. The kidney care team wants to provide each person with the best dialysis prescription for them and to do this they must evaluate the person’s peritoneal lining. Sometimes dialysis treatment itself can cause the membrane to change after some years. This means more assessments (evaluations) will be needed to determine whether the person’s peritoneal membrane has changed. Changes in the membrane may require changes to the dialysis prescription. This is needed to achieve the best dialysis outcomes. A key tool for these assessments is the peritoneal equilibration test (PET). It is a simple, standardized and reproducible tool. This tool is used to measure the peritoneal function soon after the start of dialysis. The goal is to understand how well the peritoneal membrane works at the start of dialysis. Later on in treatment, the PET helps to monitor changes in peritoneal function. If there are changes between assessments causing problems, the PET data may explain the cause of the dysfunction. This may be used to change the dialysis prescription to achieve the best outcomes. The most common problem with the peritoneal membrane occurs when fluid is not removed as well as it should be. This happens when toxins (poisons) in the blood cross the membrane more quickly than they should. This is referred to as a fast peritoneal solute transfer rate (PSTR). Since more efficient fluid removal is associated with better outcomes, developing a personal PD prescription based on the person’s PSTR is critically important. A less common problem happens when the membrane fails to work properly (also called membrane dysfunction) because the peritoneal membrane is less efficient, either at the start of treatment or developing after some years. If membrane dysfunction gets worse over time, then this is associated with progressive damage, scarring and thickening of the membrane. This problem can be identified through another change of the PET. It is called reduced ‘sodium dip’. Membrane dysfunction of this type is more difficult to treat and has many implications for the individual. If the damage is major, the person may need to stop PD. They would need to begin haemodialysis treatment (also spelled hemodialysis). This is a very important and emotional decision for individuals with kidney failure. Any decision that involves stopping PD therapy or transitioning to haemodialysis therapy should be made jointly between the clinical team, the person on dialysis and a caregiver, if requested. Although evidence is lacking about how often tests should be performed to determine peritoneal function, it seems reasonable to repeat them whenever there is difficulty in removing the amount of fluid necessary for maintaining the health and well-being of the individual. Whether routine evaluation of membrane function is associated with better outcomes has not been studied. Further research is needed to answer this important question as national policies in many parts of the world and the COVID-19 has placed a greater emphasis and new incentives encouraging the greater adoption of home dialysis therapies, especially PD. For Chinese and Spanish Translation of the Lay Summary, see Online Supplement Appendix 1.
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- Rakhmanov, Shuxrat
(författare)
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Законадательные меры Республики Узбекистан в целях противодействия коррупции: обзор, классификации и условия эффективности
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Law Research / ЖУРНАЛ ПРАВОВЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ. - 2181-9130. ; 6:1, s. 52-63
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article is devoted to legal acts on combating corruption. The author gives a classification and review of these legal acts. The article analyzes not only legal acts specifically aimed at preventing corruption, but also other legal acts and a wide range of measures that create the necessary conditions and a favorable environment in this regard. The author emphasizes that it is important to keep in mind that corruption cannot be minimized or eradicated only by improving legal laws.
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