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- Ala-Kaila, K., et al.
(författare)
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Chemical character of the response of softwood kraft pulp towards industrial two-stage oxygen-alkali delignification
- 2004
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Ingår i: Paperi ja puu. - 0031-1243. ; 86:5, s. 353-358
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transient behavior of residual material affecting the kappa number of softwood kraft pulp (termed residual lignin), was tested experimentally step-wise in an industrial two-stage oxygen-alkali delignification process. The behavior was characterized by leaching the pulps and dividing the residual lignin into four different fractions to represent the wash loss fraction, the easily leachable fraction, the slowly leachable fraction and the stagnant fraction of the lignin in pulp. Further characterization was made regarding the chemical character of these fractions, i.e. residual lignin, extractives, hexenuronic acid, and other chemical structures that contribute to the kappa number of the pulps. The componential delignification response in the two oxygen-alkali reactors and the effects of the leaching operation were comprehensively assessed regarding the behavior of these different pulp components. The results were compared with results obtained earlier for birch kraft pulp originating from the same industrial process and treated using identical experimental procedures. Application: This study gives a new perspective with which to evaluate apparent and actual responses in industrial oxygen-alkali delignification of kraft pulps.
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| 2. |
- De Smit, Merlijn
(författare)
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Sorolaisen Postillan allatiivi- ja adessiivipäätteistä
- 2011
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Ingår i: Virittäjä : Kotikielen Seuran aikakauslehti. - Helsinki : Kotikielen seura. - 0042-6806. ; 4, s. 576-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to explain the variation between two local case markers, the adessive (-llA) and the allative (-lle), in Eric Sorolainen’s 1621–1625 Postilla. The irregular marking of these two cases is a well-known feature of Sorolainen’s texts, and is generally assumed to be rooted in the syncretism of the two case markers in Sorolainen’s Southwest Finnish home dialect. The variation cannot be seen as having mainly orthographical causes, as Sorolainen generally distinguishes carefully between e and ä, and neither as having been directly copied from Agricola, though some generalisation of the adessive case marker does occur with Agricola as well.
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| 7. |
- Heinat, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Gradient Well-formedness of Finnish Passive Constructions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 24th Conference of Scandinavian Linguistics. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland: Reports and Studies in Education, Humanities and Theology.. - University of Eastern Finland Press. - 1798-565X. - 978-952-61-0924-4 - 978-952-61-0923-7 ; s. 59-77
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- heinat, fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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How do things get done: on non-canonical passives in Finnish
- 2013
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Ingår i: Non-canonical passives. - John Benjamins. - 978 90 272 5588 4 - 978 90 272 7227 0 - 9789027272270 - 9789027255884 ; s. 213-233
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we argue that, in addition to non-agreeing passives, Finnish has even an agreeing passive. The agreeing passive shows similar behaviour to non-canonical passives in other languages, such as get-passives in English. The agreeing passive differs from ordinary copular constructions in various ways, most importantly in the availability of an event-interpretation. Agreeing and non-agreeing passives have similar structure in the tense and vP domains; the differences between them can be attributed to differences in the selecting heads. Agreeing passives differ from copular constructions in that the latter lack a vP. The selecting heads are, however, the same in the two constructions.
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