| 1. |
- Rajkumar, Trishna, et al.
(author)
-
Guided Fault Injection Strategy for Rapid Critical Bit Detection in Radiation-Prone SRAM-FPGA
- 2024
-
In: 2024 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2024 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fault injection test is vital for assessing the reliability of SRAM-FPGAs used in radiative environments. Considering the scale and complexity of modern FPGAs, exhaustive fault injection is tedious and computationally expensive. A common approach to optimising the injection campaign involves targeting a subset of the configuration memory containing essential and critical bits crucial for the system's functionality. Identifying Essential bits in an FPGA design is often feasible through manufacturer documen-tation. However, detecting Critical bits requires complex reverse engineering to map the correspondence between the configuration bits and the FPGA modules. This task requires substantial amount of details about the logic layout and the bitstream, which is not easily available due to their proprietary nature. In some cases, manual floorplanning becomes necessary, which could impact the performance of the application. Given these limitations, we examine the potential of Monte Carlo Tree Search in guiding the fault injection process to identify critical bits with minimal injections. The key benefit of this approach is its ability to harness the spatial relations among the configuration bits without relying on reverse engineering or offline campaign planning. Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves a 99 % coverage using 18 % fewer injections than traditional methods. Notably, 95% of the critical bits were detected in under 50% injections, achieving at least 2X higher sensitivity to critical bits with a minimal overhead of 0.04%.
|
|
| 2. |
- Collin, Mikael, et al.
(author)
-
A performance and energy exploration of dictionary code compression architectures
- 2011
-
In: 2011 International Green Computing Conference and Workshops (IGCC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781457712227 ; , s. 1-8
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have made a performance and energy exploration of a previously proposed dictionary code compression mechanism where frequently executed individual instructions and/or sequences are replaced in memory with short code words. Our simulated design shows a dramatically reduced instruction memory access frequency leading to a performance improvement for small instruction cache sizes and to significantly reduced energy consumption in the instruction fetch path. We have evaluated the performance and energy implications of three architectural parameters: branch prediction accuracy, instruction cache size and organization. To asses the complexity of the design we have implemented the critical stages in VHDL.
|
|
| 3. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, et al.
(author)
-
Chemical Sensors Generated on Wafer-Scale Epitaxial Graphene for Application to Front-Line Drug Detection
- 2019
-
In: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 19:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Generation of large areas of graphene possessing high quality and uniformity will be a critical factor if graphene-based devices/sensors are to be commercialized. In this work, epitaxial graphene on a 2" SiC wafer was used to fabricate sensors for the detection of illicit drugs (amphetamine or cocaine). The main target application is on-site forensic detection where there is a high demand for reliable and cost-efficient tools. The sensors were designed and processed with specially configured metal electrodes on the graphene surface by utilizing a series of anchors where the metal contacts are directly connected on the SiC substrate. This has been shown to improve adhesion of the electrodes and decrease the contact resistance. A microfluidic system was constructed to pump solutions over the defined graphene surface that could then act as a sensor area and react with the target drugs. Several prototypic systems were tested where non-covalent interactions were used to localize the sensing components (antibodies) within the measurement cell. The serendipitous discovery of a wavelength-dependent photoactivity for amphetamine and a range of its chemical analogs, however, limited the general application of these prototypic systems. The experimental results reveal that the drug molecules interact with the graphene in a molecule dependent manner based upon a balance of -stacking interaction of the phenyl ring with graphene (p-doping) and the donation of the amine nitrogens lone pair electrons into the *-system of graphene (n-doping).
|
|
| 4. |
- Pamunuwa, Dinesh, et al.
(author)
-
A study on the implementation of 2-D mesh-based networks-on-chip in the nanometre regime
- 2004
-
In: Integration. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9260 .- 1872-7522. ; 38:1, s. 3-17
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- On-chip packet-switched networks have been proposed for future giga-scale integration in the nanometre regime. This paper examines likely architectures for such networks and considers trade-offs in the layout, performance, and power consumption based on full-swing, voltage-mode CMOS signalling. A study is carried out for a future technology with parameters as predicted by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors to yield a quantitative comparison of the performance and power trade-off for the network. Important physical level issues are discussed.
|
|
