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- Ciesielska, Malgorzata, et al.
(författare)
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Observation methods
- 2018
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Ingår i: Qualitative Methodologies in Organization Studies. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319654416 - 9783319654423 ; , s. 33-52
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observation is one of the most important research methods in social sciences and at the same time one of the most diverse. The term includes several types, techniques and approaches, which may be difficult to compare in terms of enactment and anticipated results; the choice must be adapted to the research problem and the scientific context. As a matter of fact, observation may be regarded as the basis of everyday social life for most people; we are diligent observers of behaviors and of the material surroundings. We watch, evaluate, draw conclusions and make comments on interactions and relations. However, observation raised to the rank of a scientific method should be carried out systematically, purposefully and on scientific grounds - even if curiosity and fascination may still be its very important components.In this chapter, we discuss the main characteristics of three types of observation, that can be used in different ways and to some degree even combined. In participant observation, the researcher strives towards an "immersion" in a specific culture, preferably for a longer period of time, in order to acquire an insider understanding of this culture either as a (marginal) member or as a visitor. In non-participant observation, the researcher tries to understand the world, relationships and interactions in a new way, without prevalent categorizations and evaluations. In indirect observation, the researcher relies on observations done by others (e.g. other researchers), on various types of documentation, recordings or on auto-observation.In the first part of this chapter, we discuss common features of different observation techniques and some essential elements in the design of a study based on observation methods. We also consider some possible roles an observer may take and be ascribed, and how to document the observations in a form of notes. In the second part, we discuss different approaches to direct and indirect observation.
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| 2. |
- Ciesielska, Malgorzata, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Obserwacja
- 2012
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Ingår i: Badania jakościowe. - Warszawa : Wydawnictwo Naukowe. - 9788301169466 ; , s. 42-68
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gunnarsson Payne, Jenny, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningsfrågor : Från kunskapsmål till verktyg
- 2022. - 3
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Ingår i: Etnologiskt fältarbete. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144153261 ; , s. 23-46
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Gunnarsson Payne, Jenny, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Från strukturalism till poststrukturalism
- 2017. - 1
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Ingår i: Tillämpad kulturteori. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144110707 ; , s. 151-174
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Gunnarsson Payne, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion
- 2017
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Ingår i: Tillämpad kulturteori. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144110707 ; , s. 13-18
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lögdberg, Ulrika, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday navigation between adaptation and resistance : how young people negotiate their well-being in relation to assigned migrant positions in school
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concerning the so-called "refugee crisis" in 2015 and how it affected the position of young migrants in society, researchers have underscored the value of studies challenging one-sided images of migrant youth. This study examines how migrant positions are constituted, negotiated, and related to young people's well-being. The study was undertaken using an ethnographic approach combined with the theoretical concept of translocational positionality to acknowledge how positions are created through historical and political processes and, at the same time, are context-dependent over time and space and thus contain incongruities. Our findings show how the newly arrived youth used multiple ways to navigate the school's everyday life and ascribed migrant positions to achieve well-being as illustrated through the distancing, adapting, defense, and the contradictory positions. Based on our findings, we understand the negotiations that occur in forming migrant positions within the school as asymmetric. At the same time, the youths' diverse and often contradictory positionality showed in various ways the striving for increased agency and well-being.
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