| 1. |
- Carannante, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro models to study natural killer cell dynamics in the tumor microenvironment
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer therapy. The rapid development of new immunotherapeutic strategies to treat solid tumors is posing new challenges for preclinical research, demanding novel in vitro methods to test treatments. Such methods should meet specific requirements, such as enabling the evaluation of immune cell responses like cytotoxicity or cytokine release, and infiltration into the tumor microenvironment using cancer models representative of the original disease. They should allow high-throughput and high-content analysis, to evaluate the efficacy of treatments and understand immune-evasion processes to facilitate development of new therapeutic targets. Ideally, they should be suitable for personalized immunotherapy testing, providing information for patient stratification. Consequently, the application of in vitro 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, such as tumor spheroids and organoids, is rapidly expanding in the immunotherapeutic field, coupled with the development of novel imaging-based techniques and -omic analysis. In this paper, we review the recent advances in the development of in vitro 3D platforms applied to natural killer (NK) cell-based cancer immunotherapy studies, highlighting the benefits and limitations of the current methods, and discuss new concepts and future directions of the field.
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| 2. |
- Hurtig, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Intercellular nanotubes : insights from imaging studies and beyond
- 2010
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Ingår i: WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY. - : Wiley. - 1939-5116 .- 1939-0041. ; 2:3, s. 260-276
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-cell communication is critical to the development, maintenance, and function of multicellular organisms. Classical mechanisms for intercellular communication include secretion of molecules into the extracellular space and transport of small molecules through gap junctions. Recent reports suggest that cells also can communicate over long distances via a network of transient intercellular nanotubes. Such nanotubes have been shown to mediate intercellular transfer of organelles as well as membrane components and cytoplasmic molecules. Moreover, intercellular nanotubes have been observed in vivo and have been shown to enhance the transmission of pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and prions in vitro. These studies indicate that intercellular nanotubes may play a role both in normal physiology and in disease. (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 260-276
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| 3. |
- Parmryd, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Consequences of membrane topography
- 2013
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Ingår i: The FEBS Journal. - : Wiley. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 280:12, s. 2775-2784
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The surface of mammalian cells is neither smooth nor flat and cells have several times more plasma membrane than the minimum area required to accommodate their shape. We discuss the biological function of this apparent excess membrane that allows the cells to migrate and undergo shape changes and probably plays a role in signal transduction. Methods for studying membrane folding and topography - atomic force microscopy, scanning ion conductance microscopy, fluorescence polarization microscopy and linear dichroism - are described and evaluated. Membrane folding and topography is frequently ignored when interpreting microscopy data. This has resulted in several misconceptions regarding for instance colocalization, membrane organization and molecular clustering. We suggest simple ways to avoid these pitfalls and invoke Occam's razor - that simple explanations are preferable to complex ones. Topography, i.e. deviations from a smooth surface, should always be ruled out as the cause of anomalous data before other explanations are presented. Cell membranes are convoluted into submicrometer ruffles, which are impossible to resolve by most experimental techniques. Here we discuss the importance of considering such subresolution membrane organization when interpreting experimental data and give some examples of techniques where membrane topography can be probed. Finally we speculate what consequences ruffling could have for cellular processes, e. g. receptor signaling.
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| 4. |
- Taner, S. B., et al.
(författare)
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Control of immune responses by trafficking cell surface proteins, vesicles and lipid rafts to and from the immunological synapse
- 2004
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Ingår i: Traffic. - : Wiley. - 1398-9219 .- 1600-0854. ; 5:9, s. 651-661
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Supramolecular clusters at the immunological synapse provide a mechanism for structuring complex communication networks between cells of the immune system. Regulating intra- and intercellular trafficking of proteins and lipids to and from the immunological synapse provides an additional level of complexity in determining the functional outcome of immune cell interactions. An emergent principle is that molecules requiring tightly regulated cell surface expression, e.g. negative regulators of cell activation or molecules promoting cytotoxicity, are trafficked to the immunological synapse from intracellular secretory as required lysosomes. Many molecules required for the early stages of the intercellular communication are already present at the cell surface, sometimes in lipid rafts, and are rapidly translocated laterally to the intercellular contact. Our understanding of these events critically depends on utilizing appropriate technologies for probing supramolecular recognition in live cells. Thus, we also present here a critical discussion of the technologies used to study lipid rafts and, more broadly, a map of the spatial and temporal dimensions covered by current live cell physical techniques, highlighting where advances are needed to exceed current spatial and temporal boundaries.
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| 5. |
- Wiklund, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Acoustofluidics 18 : Microscopy for acoustofluidic micro-devices
- 2012
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Ingår i: Lab on a Chip. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1473-0197 .- 1473-0189. ; 12:18, s. 3221-3234
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this tutorial review in the thematic series "Acoustofluidics", we discuss the implementation and practice of optical microscopy in acoustofluidic micro-devices. Examples are given from imaging of acoustophoretic manipulation of particles and cells in microfluidic channels, but most of the discussion is applicable to imaging in any lab-on-a-chip device. The discussion includes basic principles of optical microscopy, different microscopy modes and applications, and design criteria for micro-devices compatible with basic, as well as advanced, optical microscopy.
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| 6. |
- Wiklund, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasound-Induced Cell-Cell Interaction Studies in a Multi-Well Microplate
- 2014
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Ingår i: Micromachines. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-666X. ; 5:1, s. 27-49
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review describes the use of ultrasound for inducing and retaining cell-cell contact in multi-well microplates combined with live-cell fluorescence microscopy. This platform has been used for studying the interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and cancer cells at the level of individual cells. The review includes basic principles of ultrasonic particle manipulation, design criteria when building a multi-well microplate device for this purpose, biocompatibility aspects, and finally, two examples of biological applications: Dynamic imaging of the inhibitory immune synapse, and studies of the heterogeneity in killing dynamics of NK cells interacting with cancer cells.
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