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- Adolfsson, J., et al.
(författare)
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QCD challenges from pp to A–A collisions
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 56:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a write-up of the ideas that were presented, developed and discussed at the third International Workshop on QCD Challenges from pp to A–A, which took place in August 2019 in Lund, Sweden (Workshop link: https://indico.lucas.lu.se/event/1214/). The goal of the workshop was to focus on some of the open questions in the field and try to come up with concrete suggestions for how to make progress on both the experimental and theoretical sides. The paper gives a brief introduction to each topic and then summarizes the primary results.
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- Al-Abany, M., et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of assessment of urgency and other symptoms indicating anal sphincter, large bowel or urinary dysfunction
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scand J Urol Nephrol. - 0036-5599. ; 40:5, s. 397-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The Radiumhemmets Scale of Disease-Specific Symptom Assessment-Prostate Cancer has been used in several studies. However, no test-retest reliability study of it has been conducted concerning the assessment of urinary, anal sphincter or large bowel function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of items assessing these functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We investigated 89 prostate cancer patients randomly selected from a group of patients diagnosed in Stockholm. The patients answered 24 questions assessing anal sphincter, large bowel and urinary function twice, with a 3-week interval in-between, to assess reliability. RESULTS: Most of the questions assessing bowel and urinary symptoms showed substantial or near-perfect agreement. The kappa value for bowel symptom items was > or = 0.60 for all items, except for defecation urgency (0.40-0.55). The kappa value for urinary symptom items varied between 0.43 and 1.0, except for urinary urgency (0.30-0.39). CONCLUSIONS: When comparing the impact of different symptoms of anal sphincter, large bowel or urinary tract dysfunction, it may be important to consider that defecation urgency and urinary urgency have the highest measuring error (low reliability). This error dilutes assessed associations with, for example, decreased quality of life. Nevertheless, the test-retest reliability for anal sphincter, large bowel and urinary symptoms indicates that surveys yield meaningful information.
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- Berggren de Verdier, P. J., et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic significance of homozygous deletions and multiple duplications at the CDKN2A (p16INK4a)/ARF (p14ARF) locus in urinary bladder cancer
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scand J Urol Nephrol. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 40:5, s. 363-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The 9p21 locus is a major target in the pathogenesis of human urinary bladder cancer. This locus harbours the CDKN2A/ARF tumour suppressor gene, which encodes two cell-cycle regulatory proteins: p16INK4a and p14ARF. We studied how homozygous deletions and multiple duplications at this locus affect prognosis and survival in patients with bladder cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), based on simultaneous amplification of ARF and a reference gene, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, was used to measure homozygous deletions and multiple duplications in a population-based material consisting of 478 patients with urinary bladder cancer. Results from real-time QPCR were compared with clinico-pathological parameters and survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Real-time QPCR analysis showed 71 (15%) homozygous deletions and 8 (2%) multiple duplications. We were unable to find any association between either stage or grade and urinary neoplasms with homozygous deletions. However, although there were only a limited number of patients with multiple duplications, 7/8 of them had highly malignant tumours (G2b-G4 or > or = T1; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Urinary bladder cancers constitute a spectrum of neoplasms with varying clinical manifestations. We were unable to establish a prognostic relevance for patients with tumours harbouring homozygous deletions at the CDKN2A/ARF locus. However, our data did indicate that patients with multiple duplications at the CDKN2A/ARF locus had poor survival. This suggests that multiple duplications, in combination with other genetic changes, have cooperative effects which have a negative outcome on urinary bladder cancer prognosis.
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- Coleman, M P, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer survival in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the UK, 1995-2007 (the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership) : an analysis of population-based cancer registry data
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 377:9760, s. 127-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cancer survival is a key measure of the effectiveness of health-care systems. Persistent regional and international differences in survival represent many avoidable deaths. Differences in survival have prompted or guided cancer control strategies. This is the first study in a programme to investigate international survival disparities, with the aim of informing health policy to raise standards and reduce inequalities in survival. METHODS: Data from population-based cancer registries in 12 jurisdictions in six countries were provided for 2·4 million adults diagnosed with primary colorectal, lung, breast (women), or ovarian cancer during 1995-2007, with follow-up to Dec 31, 2007. Data quality control and analyses were done centrally with a common protocol, overseen by external experts. We estimated 1-year and 5-year relative survival, constructing 252 complete life tables to control for background mortality by age, sex, and calendar year. We report age-specific and age-standardised relative survival at 1 and 5 years, and 5-year survival conditional on survival to the first anniversary of diagnosis. We also examined incidence and mortality trends during 1985-2005. FINDINGS: Relative survival improved during 1995-2007 for all four cancers in all jurisdictions. Survival was persistently higher in Australia, Canada, and Sweden, intermediate in Norway, and lower in Denmark, England, Northern Ireland, and Wales, particularly in the first year after diagnosis and for patients aged 65 years and older. International differences narrowed at all ages for breast cancer, from about 9% to 5% at 1 year and from about 14% to 8% at 5 years, but less or not at all for the other cancers. For colorectal cancer, the international range narrowed only for patients aged 65 years and older, by 2-6% at 1 year and by 2-3% at 5 years. INTERPRETATION: Up-to-date survival trends show increases but persistent differences between countries. Trends in cancer incidence and mortality are broadly consistent with these trends in survival. Data quality and changes in classification are not likely explanations. The patterns are consistent with later diagnosis or differences in treatment, particularly in Denmark and the UK, and in patients aged 65 years and older. FUNDING: Department of Health, England; and Cancer Research UK.
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