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Sökning: WFRF:(Ahlsson Anders) > Gunn Jarmo

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1.
  • Ahlsson, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Is There a Weekend Effect in Surgery for Type A Dissection? : Results From the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Database
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0003-4975 .- 1552-6259. ; 108:3, s. 770-776
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Aortic dissection type A requires immediate surgery. In general surgery populations, patients operated on during weekends have higher mortality rates compared with patients whose operations occur on weekdays. The weekend effect in aortic dissection type A has not been studied in detail.Methods: The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) registry includes data for 1,159 patients who underwent type A dissection surgery at 8 Nordic centers during 2005 to 2014. This study is based on data relating to surgery conducted during weekdays versus weekends and starting between 8:00 AM and 8:00 Pm ("daytime") versus from 8:00 Pm to 8:00 AM ("nighttime"), as well as time from symptoms, admittance, and diagnosis to surgery. The influence of timing of surgery on the 30-day mortality rate was assessed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The 30-day mortality was 18% (204 of 1,159), with no difference in mortality between surgery performed on weekdays (17% [150 of 889]) and on weekends (20% [54 of 270], p = 0.45), or during nighttime (19% [87 of 467]) versus daytime (17% [117 of 680], p = 0.54). Time from symptoms to surgery (median 7.0 hours vs 6.5 hours, p = 0.31) did not differ between patients who survived and those who died at 30 days. Multivariable regression analysis of risk factors for 30-day mortality showed no weekend effect (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 60.67 to 1.60; p = 0.875), but nighttime surgery was a risk factor (odds ratio, 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 4.56; p = 0.006).Conclusions: The 30-day mortality in surgical repair of aortic dissection type A was not significantly affected by timing of surgery during weekends versus weekdays. Nighttime surgery seems to predict increased 30-day mortality, after correction for other risk factors.
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2.
  • Ahlsson, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Is there a weekend effect in surgery for type A dissection? - Results from the NORCAAD database
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1552-6259 .- 0003-4975. ; 108:3, s. 770-776
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Aortic dissection type A requires immediate surgery. In general surgery populations, patients operated during weekends have higher mortality rates compared to patients operated on weekdays. The weekend effect in aortic dissection type A has not been studied in detail.METHODS: The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) registry includes patients (N=1,159) who underwent type A dissection surgery at eight Nordic centers during 2005-2014. This study is based on data relating to surgery conducted during weekdays vs. weekends, and starting between 8 am and 8 pm ("daytime") vs. from 8 pm to 8 am ("nighttime"), as well as time from symptoms/admittance/diagnosis to surgery. The influence of timing of surgery on 30-day mortality was assessed using logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: The 30-day mortality was 18% (204/1,159), with no difference in mortality between surgery performed on weekdays (17%, 150/889) and on weekends (20%, 54/270, p=0.45), or during nighttime (19%, 87/467) vs. daytime (17%, 117/680, p=0.54). Time from symptoms to surgery (median 7.0 hours vs. 6.5 hours, p=0.31) did not differ between patients who survived and those dead at 30 days. Multivariable regression analysis of risk factors for 30-day mortality showed no weekend effect (OR 1.04 [0.67-1.60], p=0.875), but nighttime surgery was a risk factor (OR 2.43 [1.29-4.56], p=0.006).CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-day mortality in surgical repair of aortic dissection type A was not significantly affected by timing of surgery during weekends vs. weekdays. Nighttime surgery seems to predict increased 30-day mortality, after correction for other risk factors.
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3.
  • Geirsson, Arnar, et al. (författare)
  • Hospital volumes and later year of operation correlates with better outcomes in acute Type A aortic dissection
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press. - 1010-7940 .- 1873-734X. ; 53:1, s. 276-281
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Acute Type A aortic dissection remains a life-threatening disease, but there are indications that its surgical mortality is decreasing. The aim of this report was to study how surgical mortality has changed and what influences those changes.METHODS: Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection is a retrospective database comprising 1159 patients (mean age 61.6 ± 12.2 years, 68% male) treated for acute Type A aortic dissection at 8 centres in Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden from 2005 to 2014. Data gathered included demographics, symptoms, type of procedure, complications and 30-day mortality.RESULTS: The annual number of operations increased significantly from 85 in 2005 to 150 in 2014 (P < 0.001). Chest pain was present in 85% of patients, 24% were hypotensive on presentation and 28% had malperfusion syndrome. Open distal anastomosis technique under hypothermic circulatory arrest was used in 85% of cases and its use increased significantly throughout the study. The 30-day mortality decreased from 24% in 2005 to 13% in 2014 (P = 0.003). Independent predictors for 30-day mortality were preoperative cardiac arrest, malperfusion syndrome, Penn Class C, Penn Class B and C and cardiopulmonary bypass time, whereas later calendar year and higher hospital operative volumes predicted improved survival.CONCLUSIONS: Surgical mortality for acute Type A aortic dissection remains high but has decreased significantly over the last decade. This correlated with later year of operation and increased the number of operations performed per year, indicating that cumulative surgical experience contributes significantly to improved surgical outcomes.
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4.
  • Geirsson, Arnar, et al. (författare)
  • The Nordic Consortium for Acute type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) : objectives and design
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 50:5-6, s. 334-340
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) is a collaborative effort of Nordic cardiac surgery centers to study acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Here, we outline the overall objectives and the design of NORCAAD.Design: NORCAAD currently consists of eight centers in Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden. Data was collected for patients undergoing surgery for ATAAD from 2005 to 2014. A total of 194 variables were retrospectively collected including demographics, past medical history, preoperative medications, symptoms at presentation, operative variables, complications, bleeding and blood transfusions, need for late reoperations, 30-day mortality and long-term survival.Results: Information was gathered in the database for 1159 patients, of which 67.6% were male. The mean age was 61.5 +/- 12.1 years. The mean follow-up was 3.1 +/- 2.9 years with a total of 3535 patient years.Conclusions: NORCAAD provides a foundation for close collaboration between cardiac surgery centers in the Nordic countries. Substudies in progress include: short-term outcomes, long-term survival, time interval from diagnosis until operation, effects of surgical techniques, malperfusion syndrome, renal failure, bleeding and neurological complications on outcomes and the rate of late reoperations.
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5.
  • Bjurbom, Markus, et al. (författare)
  • Type A Aortic Dissection Repair in Patients With Prior Cardiac Surgery
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-4975 .- 1552-6259. ; 115:3, s. 591-598
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection in patients with previous cardiac surgery is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the association between previous cardiac surgery and outcomes after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection, to appreciate whether emergency surgery can be offered with acceptable risks. Methods: All patients operated on for acute type A aortic dissection between 2005 and 2014 from the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection database were eligible. Patients with previous cardiac surgery were compared with patients without previous cardiac surgery. Univariable and multivariable statistical analyses were performed to identify predictors of 30-day mortality and early major adverse events (a secondary composite endpoint comprising 30-day mortality, perioperative stroke, postoperative cardiac arrest, or de novo dialysis). Results: In all, 1159 patients were included, 40 (3.5%) with previous cardiac surgery. Patients with previous cardiac surgery had higher 30-day mortality (30% vs 17.8%, P = .049), worse medium-term survival (51.7% vs 71.2% at 5 years, log rank P = .020), and higher unadjusted prevalence of major adverse events (52.5% vs 35.7%, P = .030). In multivariable analysis, previous cardiac surgery was not associated with 30-day mortality (odds ratio 0.78; 95% CI, 0.30-2.07; P = .624) or major adverse events (odds ratio 1.07; 95% CI, 0.45-2.55, P = .879). Conclusions: Major adverse events after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection were more frequent in patients with previous cardiac surgery. Previous cardiac surgery itself was not an independent predictor for adverse events, although the small sample size precludes definite conclusions. Previous cardiac surgery should not deter from emergency surgery.
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6.
  • Chemtob, Raphaelle A., et al. (författare)
  • Stroke in acute type A aortic dissection : the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD)
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1010-7940 .- 1873-734X. ; 58:5, s. 1027-1034
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Stroke is a serious complication in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Previous studies investigating stroke in ATAAD patients have been limited by small cohorts and have shown diverging results. We sought to identify risk factors for stroke and to evaluate the effect of stroke on outcomes in surgical ATAAD patients. METHODS: The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection database included patients operated for ATAAD at 8 Scandinavian Hospitals between 2005 and 2014. RESULTS: Stroke occurred in 177 (15.7%) out of 1128 patients. Patients with stroke presented more frequently with cerebral malperfusion (20.6% vs 6.3%, P < 0.001), syncope (30.6% vs 17.6%, P < 0.001), cardiogenic shock (33.1% vs 20.7%, P < 0.001) and pericardial tamponade (25.9% vs 14.7%, P < 0.001) and more often underwent total aortic arch replacement (10.7% vs 4.7%, P = 0.016), compared to patients without stroke. In the 86 patients presenting with cerebral malperfusion, 38.4% developed stroke. Thirty-day and 5-year mortality in patients with and without stroke were 27.1% vs 13.6% and 42.9% vs 25.6%, respectively. Stroke was an independent predictor of early- [odds ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-3.05; P < 0.001] and midterm mortality (hazard ratio 1.68, 95% CI 1.27-2.23; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke in ATAAD patients is associated with increased early- and midterm mortality. Preoperative cerebral malperfusion and impaired haemodynamics, as well as total aortic arch replacement, were more frequent among patients who developed stroke. Importantly, a large proportion of patients presenting with cerebral malperfusion did not develop a permanent stroke, indicating that signs of cerebral malperfusion should not be considered a contraindication for surgery.
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7.
  • Chemtob, Raphaelle A, et al. (författare)
  • Stroke in acute type A aortic dissection: the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD).
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - 1873-734X. ; 58:5, s. 1027-1034
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Stroke is a serious complication in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Previous studies investigating stroke in ATAAD patients have been limited by small cohorts and have shown diverging results. We sought to identify risk factors for stroke and to evaluate the effect of stroke on outcomes in surgical ATAAD patients.The Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection database included patients operated for ATAAD at 8 Scandinavian Hospitals between 2005 and 2014.Stroke occurred in 177 (15.7%) out of 1128 patients. Patients with stroke presented more frequently with cerebral malperfusion (20.6% vs 6.3%, P < 0.001), syncope (30.6% vs 17.6%, P < 0.001), cardiogenic shock (33.1% vs 20.7%, P < 0.001) and pericardial tamponade (25.9% vs 14.7%, P < 0.001) and more often underwent total aortic arch replacement (10.7% vs 4.7%, P = 0.016), compared to patients without stroke. In the 86 patients presenting with cerebral malperfusion, 38.4% developed stroke. Thirty-day and 5-year mortality in patients with and without stroke were 27.1% vs 13.6% and 42.9% vs 25.6%, respectively. Stroke was an independent predictor of early- [odds ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-3.05; P < 0.001] and midterm mortality (hazard ratio 1.68, 95% CI 1.27-2.23; P < 0.001).Stroke in ATAAD patients is associated with increased early- and midterm mortality. Preoperative cerebral malperfusion and impaired haemodynamics, as well as total aortic arch replacement, were more frequent among patients who developed stroke. Importantly, a large proportion of patients presenting with cerebral malperfusion did not develop a permanent stroke, indicating that signs of cerebral malperfusion should not be considered a contraindication for surgery.
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8.
  • Geirsson, Arnar, et al. (författare)
  • Differential outcomes of open and clamp-on distal anastomosis techniques in acute type A aortic dissection
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0022-5223 .- 1097-685X. ; 157:5, s. 1750-1758
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: Open-distal anastomosis is the preferred technique over clamp-on technique for surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). The aim of this study was to define how outcomes of ATAAD were affected by the use of either technique.Methods: Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection includes 8 academic cardiothoracic hospitals in 4 Nordic countries. The cohort consisted of 1134 patients, 153 clamp-on and 981 open-distal, from 2005 to 2014.Results: Patients who underwent operation with the clamp-on were younger, more frequently had coronary artery disease, bicuspid aortic valve, hypotension/shock or syncope, and a greater PennClass than open-distal patients. Postoperative cerebral vascular accident occurred less frequently in clamp-on (14/153, 10%) compared with the open-distal group (190/981, 20%). Clamp-on had greater 30-day mortality (39/153, 25%) than the open-distal group (158/981, 16%), and 5-year survival was also worse in clamp-on (61.8% +/- 4.4%) compared with the open-distal group (73.0% +/- 1.6%). The open-distal technique was used more frequently in greater-volume hospitals but was not independently associated with 30-day mortality. Preoperative condition was an independent risk factor whereas hospital volume and later year of operation were beneficial in regard to short-term outcome. Open-distal was independently associated with improved mid-term survival.Conclusions: Patients who underwent operation with the clamp-on were sicker on presentation and had worse short-and mid-term survival compared with the open-distal group. Patients in the open-distal group had greater rates of cerebrovascular complications. The results support the routine use of open-distal anastomosis as the primary operative strategy for ATAAD, although clamp-on can be performed successfully in select cases.
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9.
  • Olsson, Christian, et al. (författare)
  • Medium-term survival after surgery for acute Type A aortic dissection is improving
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press. - 1010-7940 .- 1873-734X. ; 52:5, s. 852-857
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: To report long-term survival and predictors of mortality in patients included in a large, contemporary, multicentre, multinational database: Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD), which consists of 8 centres in 4 Nordic countries.METHODS: Currently, NORCAAD includes 1159 patients operated between 2005 and 2014. In 30-day survivors (n = 955, 82%), the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods were used to analyse medium-term (up to 8 years) survival and relative survival versus a matched normal population. Pre- and intraoperative predictors were expressed as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).RESULTS: Cumulative follow-up was 3514 patient-years with a median of 3.2 years (range 0-10.2 years). Survival was 95% (95% CI 93-96) at 1 year, 86% (95% CI 83-88) at 5 years and 76% (95% CI 72-81) at 8 years. Relative survival versus a matched normal population was 95% (95% CI 94-97) at 1 year, 90% (95% CI 87-93) at 5 years and 85% (95% CI 80-90) at 8 years. In multivariable analysis, increased age (HR 1.05 per year, 95% CI 1.04-1.07), previous abdominal or thoracic aortic repair (HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.4) and chronic renal disease (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-6.2) were associated with increased medium-term mortality. Open distal anastomosis (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.87) and operation in the 2010-2014 period (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.97) were associated with decreased medium-term mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Medium-term survival after acute Type A aortic dissection in the NORCAAD registry is satisfactory, close to a matched normal population and improved in the later part of the study period. The use of open distal anastomosis was associated with decreased medium-term mortality.
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10.
  • Pan, Emily, et al. (författare)
  • Outcome after type A aortic dissection repair in patients with preoperative cardiac arrest
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 144, s. 1-5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM OF THE STUDY: Patients presenting with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and cardiac arrest before surgery are considered to have very poor prognosis, but limited data is available. We used a large database to evaluate the outcome of ATAAD patients with a cardiac arrest before surgery.METHODS: We evaluated 1154 surgically treated ATAAD patients from the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) database between 2005 and 2014. Patients with (n = 44, 3.8%) and without preoperative cardiac arrest were compared and variables univariably associated with mortality in the cardiac arrest group were identified. Median follow-up time was 2.7 years (interquartile range 0.5-5.5).RESULTS: Thirty-day mortality in the arrest and non-arrest group was 43.2% and 16.6%, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 3.83, CI 2.06-7.09; P < 0.001). In the nine patients with ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation when cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated, five died intraoperatively and one died after 65 days. In patients surviving the operation, stroke was significantly more common in the arrest group (48.4% vs 18.2%; OR 4.21, CI 2.05-8.67; P < 0.001). In total, 50.0% (22/44) of the arrest patients survived to the end of follow-up. Non-survivors in the arrest group more often had DeBakey type I dissection, cardiac tamponade, cardiac malperfusion and higher preoperative serum lactate (all P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Early mortality and complications after ATAAD surgery in patients with a preoperative cardiac arrest are high, but mid-term outcome after surviving the initial period is acceptable. Preoperative cardiac arrest should not be considered an absolute contraindication for a surgical ATAAD repair.
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