| 1. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 4. |
- Arvanitidis, J., et al.
(författare)
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High pressure study of the 2D polymeric phase of C60 by means of Raman spectroscopy
- 2001
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Ingår i: High Pressure Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0895-7959 .- 1477-2299. ; 18:1-6, s. 145-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of high hydrostatic pressure, up to 12GPa, on the intramolecular phonon frequencies and the material stability of the two-dimensional tetragonal Cm polymer has been studied by means of Raman spectroscopy in the spectral range of the radial intramolecular modes (200-800cm-1). A number of new Raman modes appear in the spectrum for pressures ≈ 1.4 and ≈ 5.0 GPa. The pressure coefficients for the majority of the phonon modes exhibit changes to lower values at P=4.0 GPa, which may be related to a structural modification of the 2D polymer to a more isotropic phase. The peculiarities observed in the Raman spectra are reversible and the material is stable in the pressure region investigated.
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| 5. |
- Arvantidis, J., et al.
(författare)
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Raman modes of the two-dimensional tetragonal polymeric phase of C60 under high pressure
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 114:20, s. 9099-9104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of high hydrostatic pressure, up to 12 GPa, on the phonon spectrum and the material stability of the two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal C60 polymer have been studied by means of Raman spectroscopy in the frequency range 100-2000 cm-1. A number of Raman modes appear in the spectrum for pressures above ~1.4 GPa, whose intensities increase with pressure. The pressure coefficients of the majority of the phonon modes change gradually to lower values for pressures around 4.0 GPa. The deformation of the C60 molecular cage along with the change of the material to a more isotropic state (as far as its elastic properties are concerned) resulting from the application of high pressure may be causing the observed effects in the Raman spectra. These effects are reversible upon pressure release and therefore the material is stable in the pressure region investigated.
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| 6. |
- Korablev, Oleg I., et al.
(författare)
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Infrared Spectrometer for ExoMars: A Mast-Mounted Instrument for the Rover
- 2017
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Ingår i: Astrobiology. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1531-1074 .- 1557-8070. ; 17:6-7, s. 542-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ISEM (Infrared Spectrometer for ExoMars) is a pencil-beam infrared spectrometer that will measure reflected solar radiation in the near infrared range for context assessment of the surface mineralogy in the vicinity of the ExoMars rover. The instrument will be accommodated on the mast of the rover and will be operated together with the panoramic camera (PanCam), high-resolution camera (HRC). ISEM will study the mineralogical and petrographic composition of the martian surface in the vicinity of the rover, and in combination with the other remote sensing instruments, it will aid in the selection of potential targets for close-up investigations and drilling sites. Of particular scientific interest are water-bearing minerals, such as phyllosilicates, sulfates, carbonates, and minerals indicative of astrobiological potential, such as borates, nitrates, and ammonium-bearing minerals. The instrument has an ∼1° field of view and covers the spectral range between 1.15 and 3.30 μm with a spectral resolution varying from 3.3 nm at 1.15 μm to 28 nm at 3.30 μm. The ISEM optical head is mounted on the mast, and its electronics box is located inside the rover's body. The spectrometer uses an acousto-optic tunable filter and a Peltier-cooled InAs detector. The mass of ISEM is 1.74 kg, including the electronics and harness. The science objectives of the experiment, the instrument design, and operational scenarios are described.
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| 7. |
- Unsalan, Ozan, et al.
(författare)
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The Sariçiçek howardite fall in Turkey : Source crater of HED meteorites on Vesta and impact risk of Vestoids
- 2019
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Ingår i: Meteoritics and Planetary Science. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 1086-9379 .- 1945-5100. ; 54:5, s. 953-1008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sariçiçek howardite meteorite shower consisting of 343 documented stones occurred on September 2, 2015 in Turkey and is the first documented howardite fall. Cosmogenic isotopes show that Sariçiçek experienced a complex cosmic‐ray exposure history, exposed during ~12–14 Ma in a regolith near the surface of a parent asteroid, and that an ~1 m sized meteoroid was launched by an impact 22 ± 2 Ma ago to Earth (as did one‐third of all HED meteorites). SIMS dating of zircon and baddeleyite yielded 4550.4 ± 2.5 Ma and 4553 ± 8.8 Ma crystallization ages for the basaltic magma clasts. The apatite U‐Pb age of 4525 ± 17 Ma, K‐Ar age of ~3.9 Ga, and the U,Th‐He ages of 1.8 ± 0.7 and 2.6 ± 0.3 Ga are interpreted to represent thermal metamorphic and impact‐related resetting ages, respectively. Petrographic; geochemical; and O‐, Cr‐, and Ti‐isotopic studies confirm that Sariçiçek belongs to the normal clan of HED meteorites. Petrographic observations and analysis of organic material indicate a small portion of carbonaceous chondrite material in the Sariçiçek regolith and organic contamination of the meteorite after a few days on soil. Video observations of the fall show an atmospheric entry at 17.3 ± 0.8 km s−1 from NW; fragmentations at 37, 33, 31, and 27 km altitude; and provide a pre‐atmospheric orbit that is the first dynamical link between the normal HED meteorite clan and the inner Main Belt. Spectral data indicate the similarity of Sariçiçek with the Vesta asteroid family (V‐class) spectra, a group of asteroids stretching to delivery resonances, which includes (4) Vesta. Dynamical modeling of meteoroid delivery to Earth shows that the complete disruption of a ~1 km sized Vesta family asteroid or a ~10 km sized impact crater on Vesta is required to provide sufficient meteoroids ≤4 m in size to account for the influx of meteorites from this HED clan. The 16.7 km diameter Antionia impact crater on Vesta was formed on terrain of the same age as given by the 4He retention age of Sariçiçek. Lunar scaling for crater production to crater counts of its ejecta blanket show it was formed ~22 Ma ago.
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| 8. |
- Duftschmid, K., et al.
(författare)
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Strahlenbelastung durch UV Emission beim Laserschweissen
- 1991
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Ingår i: Strahlen - Felder - Ströme : Schlußbericht = Radiation - fields - currents = Rayonnements - champs - courants électriques = Radiaciones - campos - corrientes. - Köln : IVSS Sektion Elektrizität. - 9284300444
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Jenniskens, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The impact and recovery of asteroid 2018 LA
- 2021
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Ingår i: Meteoritics and Planetary Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1086-9379 .- 1945-5100. ; 56:4, s. 844-893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The June 2, 2018 impact of asteroid 2018 LA over Botswana is only the second asteroid detected in space prior to impacting over land. Here, we report on the successful recovery of meteorites. Additional astrometric data refine the approach orbit and define the spin period and shape of the asteroid. Video observations of the fireball constrain the asteroid's position in its orbit and were used to triangulate the location of the fireball's main flare over the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Twenty‐three meteorites were recovered. A consortium study of eight of these classifies Motopi Pan as an HED polymict breccia derived from howardite, cumulate and basaltic eucrite, and diogenite lithologies. Before impact, 2018 LA was a solid rock of ~156 cm diameter with high bulk density ~2.85 g cm−3, a relatively low albedo pV ~ 0.25, no significant opposition effect on the asteroid brightness, and an impact kinetic energy of ~0.2 kt. The orbit of 2018 LA is consistent with an origin at Vesta (or its Vestoids) and delivery into an Earth‐impacting orbit via the ν6 resonance. The impact that ejected 2018 LA in an orbit toward Earth occurred 22.8 ± 3.8 Ma ago. Zircons record a concordant U‐Pb age of 4563 ± 11 Ma and a consistent 207Pb/206Pb age of 4563 ± 6 Ma. A much younger Pb‐Pb phosphate resetting age of 4234 ± 41 Ma was found. From this impact chronology, we discuss what is the possible source crater of Motopi Pan and the age of Vesta's Veneneia impact basin.
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| 10. |
- Mases, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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In situ electrical conductivity and Raman study of C60 tetragonal polymerat high pressures up to 30 GPa
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research. - : Wiley. - 0370-1972 .- 1521-3951. ; 274:11/12, s. 3068-3071
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theory predicts that tetragonal polymeric C60 will undergo a phase transition into a metallic phase at pressures around 20 GPa. Raman and structural experiments at high pressures confirmed formation of a new phase above 20 GPa although the question about its electrical properties was still open. We report on the first simultaneous in situ study of vibrational and electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal C60 polymer at pressures up to 30 GPa in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) specially designed for this purpose. Our results reveal an anomaly in Raman spectra and a drop in electrical resistance of the sample at 20-25 GPa. We tentatively associate this anomalous behaviour with a phase transition into the conductive phase although its metallic character is yet to be proven.At high pressures the Raman spectra exhibit a high degree of disorder. Upon pressure release the order was partially restored and, more importantly, a significant amount of the initial 2D polymeric phase was recovered.
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