| 1. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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Well-Being Coaching Training: Character, Resilience and Well-Being
- 2018
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Ingår i: 9th European Conference on Positive Psychology. Budapest, Hungary.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The level of stress in the 21st century is increasing the risk for lifestyle and stress-related illness in all populations, including health care professionals who have the double burden of their personal problems and those of their patients. Between 2009 and 2014, psychiatric diagnoses, including burnout, have doubled in health care populations like nurses, doctors, and psychotherapists [1]. In order to help others, health care professionals have the need of a variety of tools and approaches to work on their own resilience, health, and well-being. The Anthropedia Foundation in collaboration with the Center for Well-Being at Washington University in St. Louis developed a specialized training that is person-centered, interdisciplinary, and biopsychosocial in orientation. This training can be integrated into existing professions or used independently. The training program has been designed to increase three character dimensions (self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) that have been shown to lead to increases in physical and mental health, resilience, and overall well-being [2-4]. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether well-being training was effective in increasing character scores in the training participants. Method: 50 trainees were given the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Temperament and Character Inventory before and after the one-year training. Paired t-tests were performed to examine significant differences. Results: Analyses showed significant differences in the Temperament and Character Inventory subscales of self-acceptance (t = 2.2, df = 49, p < .05, Cohen’s D = 0.77), empathy (t = 2.6, df = 49, p < .05, Cohen’s D = 0.90), moral reasoning (t = 3.17, df = 49, p < .01, Cohen’s D = 1.11), and the scale of self-transcendence (t = 2.98, df = 49, p < .01, Cohen’s D = 1.04). There was a marginal increase in positive emotions (t = 1.18, df = 49, p < .05) and life satisfaction (t = 1.57, df = 49, p < .05), and a marginal decrease in negative emotions (t = 1.26, df = 49, p < .05). Conclusions: Results suggest that the training methodology increased subjective well-being, as well as self-directedness (self-acceptance), cooperativeness (empathy and moral reasoning), and self-transcendence. Cross-cultural studies on these character dimensions have demonstrated strong relationships between increases in character development and perceived social support, perceived health, and resilience [2-4]. In other words, the well-being coaching training increases sustainable global health, resilience and psychological well-being, and not simply hedonic well-being. The coaching is more intensive since it is one-on-one, thus we expect the effect on subjective well-being and character to be even greater for coachees.
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| 2. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Study on Newly Graduated Nurses' Personal Vulnerability for Burnout
- 2019
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Ingår i: 31st Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Washington, D.C., USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nurses’ work is characterized by overload and hard decisions. Despite 80% of new ly graduated nurses being socially warm and dedicated, 72.97% lacked purpose and meaning and felt ineffective and disconnected from the rest of the world. Moreover, 51.70% had a personality profile with high risk for burnout and ill-being.
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| 3. |
- Schϋtz, Erica, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Priests’ Character, Resilience and Subjective Well-Being
- 2018
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Ingår i: 30th APS Annual Convention. San Francisco, CA, USA: 24-27 May 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish priests, as a group, were high-average in self-directedness, high in cooperativeness, and high in self-transcendence. Self-directedness was associated to resilience and different measures of subjective well-being. Nevertheless, there was a large variation in character profiles that might have important implications for priests’ institutional roles and overall health.
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| 4. |
- Amato, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Newly Graduated Nurses' Learning Work Climate, Health, Resilience, and Burnout Symptoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The results provide an indication of important learning work climate factors associated to newly graduated nurses’ health, ability to cope successfully in adverse circumstances (i.e., resilience), and burnout symptoms. It is, however, plausible that there is an interconnection between personal vulnerability, learning climate, and health (Stoyanov & Cloninger, 2011).
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| 5. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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The Health Effects of Anthropedia’s Well-Being Coaching: A 6-Month Pilot Study Among Long-Term Unemployment Swedish Young Adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years Sweden had an increased number of asylum seekers entering the country. Asylum seeking can affect the physical and mental health of individuals due to prolonged application processes and waiting times which can lead to inactivity. Physical inactivity is one of the leading risk factors leading to noncommunicable diseases and overall mortality. The Public Health Report Blekinge 2014 states that groups with low socioeconomic status are less likely to be physically active in comparison with groups with a high socioeconomic status. Physical activity contributes to physical and mental well-being, and increases the possibilities for creating social networks as well as being part of the society. The project “Health for Everybody” (Hälsa för Alla) offers physical and cultural activities to approximately 300 refugees who have been granted asylum in the Blekinge region. The activities are conducted with the help of physical trainers, testing staff and community workers. In its current format each group of 20 to 30 refugees is offered training once a week for a 10-week period. The participants’ physical and psychological health and lifestyle habits are measured before and after the program through bioimpedance, physical conditioning tests and self-reports of psychological aspects related to health and lifestyle. We examined the health effects of cultural activities and Well-Being Coaching among long-term unemployed Swedish young adults. While individuals receiving cultural activities only showed a slight decrease in anxiety, those receiving Well-Being Coaching showed significant increases in subjective well-being and decreases in depression, anxiety, and sense of defeat and entrapment.
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| 6. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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The Prevalence of Personality (Temperament and Character) Profiles among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2020
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Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Personal vulnerability (i.e., specific personality profiles) is a major factor for burnout among helping professionals. Compared to the general population, 80% of Swedish newly graduated nurses reported high Reward Dependence (i.e., being sentimental, warm, attached, and dependent) and 95% reported low Self-Directedness (i.e., being blaming, aimless, helpless, defensive, and unfulfilled).
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| 7. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Study on Resilience (Harm Avoidance, Persistence, and Self-directedness) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A Resilient profile is low in Harm Avoidance (i.e., relaxed, confident, and optimistic) and high in Persistence (i.e., industrious, perseverant, and hard-working) and Self-Directedness (i.e., responsible, reliable, self-acceptant, goal-oriented, and resourceful). We found that, compared to the general population, only 6.90% of Swedish newly graduated nurses had a resilient profile.
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| 8. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Study on Temperament (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Reward Dependence) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One factor for burnout vulnerability among nurses is their temperament profile. Compared to the general population, about 80% of Swedish newly graduated nurses were sentimental, warm, dedicated, attached, and dependent (i.e., high Reward Dependence) and 50% were worrying, pessimistic, doubtful, shy and low in energy (i.e., high Harm Avoidance).
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| 9. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Hälsa, välbefinnande och ohälsa bland långtidsarbetslösa [Health, Well-Being, and Mental Illness among Long-Term Unemployed]
- 2020
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Ingår i: FoU i Sverige - vad pågår?.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BAKGRUND: Att vara långtidsarbetslös (d.v.s. ≥ 6 månader) är associerat med psykiatriska problem och 37% högre risk för självmord, förmodligen därför att långtidsarbetslösa har, jämfört med normalbefolkningen, låga nivåer i vissa hälsorelaterade förmågor (d.v.s. Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness, and Self-Transcendence). SYFTE: I två studier undersökte vi olika mått på hälsa, välbefinnande och ohälsa bland långtidsarbetslösa (> 6 månader utan sysselsättning) i relation till kliniska (dvs. patienter diagnostiserade med Anorexia Nervosa) och normalpopulationer. METOD: Unga vuxna som var arbetslösa rekryterades vid början av olika projekt i södra Sverige. Deltagarna i Studie 1 (N1 = 281) svarade på The Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale (Bann et al., 2012), som mäter biopsychosocial hälsa: livstillfredsställelse, känsla av syfte och mening, glädje, hopp, tillfredsställelse med familj, vänner och energinivå, samt generell hälsotillstånd. Vi beräknade T-scores för deltagarnas hälsa genom att använda normdata på 5000 individer. Vi jämförde sedan långtidsarbetslösa med individer som hade varit arbetslösa 5 månader eller mindre. I Studie 2 svarade deltagarna (N2 = 266) på mått av subjektivt välbefinnande (dvs. Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule, Satisfaction with Life Scale) och ohälsa (dvs. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Defeat and Entrapment Scales). Deras svar jämfördes med patienter diagnostiserade med Anorexia Nervosa och individer i olika normalpopulationer. RESULTAT: I Studie 1, visade en variansanalys (ANOVA) att det fanns en signifikant medeleffekt (F(5, 247) = 5.91, p < .001, Partial Eta2 = .11) av tid som arbetslös och självrapporterad biopsykosocial hälsa. Precis som förväntat fanns det en signifikant skillnad (p < .001) mellan individer som hade varit arbetssökande i en månad eller mindre (T-Score medelvärde = 48.77) och de som hade varit arbetssökande i sex månader eller mer (T-Score medelvärde = 41.43) Ca. 30% av de individer som var långtidsarbetslösa (d.v.s. ≥ 6 månader) rapporterade nivåer av biopsykosocial hälsa som var 1,5 standardavvikelse eller lägre än normalpopulationen, medan enbart ca. 10% av de som hade varit arbetslösa en månad eller mindre rapporterade så låga nivåer av biopsykosocial hälsa. I Studie 2, rapporterade gruppen av långtidsarbetslösa signifikanta skillnader i positiva emotioner (t = -10.51, df = 199, p < .001, Cohen’s d = 0.77), livstillfredsställelse (t = -13.51, df = 201, p < .001, Cohen’s d = 0.87) och negativa emotioner (t = 12.34, df = 196, p < .001, Cohen’s d = 0.97) än normalpopulationen. Vi hittade inga signifikanta skillnader mellan långtidsarbetslösa och gruppen med Anorexia Nervosa patienter. De långtidsarbetslösa rapporterade även signifikant högre grad av ångest (t = 22.06, df = 204, p < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.70) och depression än normalpopulationen (t = 12.55, df = 204, p < .001, Cohen’s d = .91). Samtliga dessa skillnader var stora (Cohen’s d mellan 0.77-1.70) SLUTSATSER: I Studie 1 var det ca. en tredjedel av de långtidsarbetslösa som rapporterade lika låga nivåer av ohälsa som 15% av normalpopulationen. Studie 2 visade stora skillnader i välbefinnande och ohälsa mellan de långtidsarbetslösa och normalpopulationen. Medan det inte fanns skillnader i välbefinnande mellan långtidsarbetslösa och patienter, hittade vi lägre grader av ohälsa bland patientpopulationer än långtidsarbetslösa. Viktigt att komma ihåg är att avsaknaden av positiva emotioner är ibland en större prediktor av morbiditet och dödlighet än närvaron av negativa emotioner (Cloninger, 2004). Med det sagt, ca. 72% av deltagarna rapporterade nivåer av ångest som var över nivån som forskning indikerar för troligt behöv av psykiatrisk vård. Eftersom problemet är komplext och vi ser även en sårbarhet på individnivå, räcker det inte med att enbart göra arbetsmarknadsinsatser eller enbart göra hälso- och sjukvårdsinsatser. Med andra ord behöver eventuella insatser även fokusera på att påverka/utveckla roten av problemet (dvs. hälsorelaterade förmågor: självinsikt, självacceptans, samarbetsvilja, samhörighet och förmågan att uppleva flow och meningsfullhet) och att reducera stress. Sist men inte minst, med tanke på den graden av ohälsa som individer som är långtidsarbetslösa uppvisar, är det desto viktigare att använda evidensbaserade interventioner eller åtminstone följa upp effekten av insatserna med validerade instrument och metoder. Annars riskerar vi att göra dem immuna till interventioner som kanske skulle hjälpa dem.
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| 10. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative Semantics Test Theory: Validation of two Short Personality Inventories
- 2020
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Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We quantified individuals’ self-descriptive words (i.e., identity) in order to validate two short personality inventories (i.e., Quantitative Semantic Test Theory). Despite being short, both inventories captured individuals’ identity as expected. Nevertheless, our method also pointed out some shortcomings and overlaps between the personality traits measured within these inventories.
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