| 1. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Making oneself heard : Children's experiences of empowerment in Swedish preschools
- 2015
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 185:4, s. 578-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children’s experiences of empowerment in relation to preschool peers and in child–adult interactions were studied, involving 25 four-to six-year-olds from four Swedish preschools. Group interviews using puppets comprised pre-constructed scenarios to examine preschools’ activities. Children took photos of indoor and outdoor preschool environments, followed by a photo-elicitation interview. Data were analysed by content analysis. Results showed that authority was expressed in relation to teachers and parents. Children negotiated about handling situations and described relations with teachers as uncomplicated; the contrary was the case with peers. Structure meant that children could choose between courses of action within set frames, describing empowerment as decision-making within limitations. Results indicated the importance of preschool teachers stimulating children to reflect on their own ability by discussing issues concerning children’s sense of empowerment, using methods similar to the ones in this study.
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| 2. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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To make oneself heard - children's perceptions of empowerment in the Swedish preschool context
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, there has been a developing interest concerning children’s voices in for example decision-making and planning within different educational contexts, such as the preschool. Although children’s rights are emphasized, it is not clear how these rights are expressed in children’s everyday life. Further, children from a minority ethnic group risk marginalization in relation to other children as well as to significant adults and the society as a whole. The aim of this study was to analyze children’s perceptions of empowerment in a preschool context in a gender and ethnicity perspective. Data, collected in 2010, comprised of 25 children at 4 different preschools (aged 4-6, 13 girls, 7 children with other ethnicity than Swedish). Two different methods were used: (1) a group interview with 5-8 children at a time, using a puppet interview technique, playing different scenarios involving the children as co-actors, and (2) a photo walk where children took photos of their indoor and outdoor environment. The photos were used as stimulated recall in individual interviews with the children to let them express their empowerment in the everyday life at preschool. Children’s perceptions were in part related to environmental prerequisites such as the social and physical context of the preschool as well as more distal factors such as resources and values on the macro level. Therefore, to highlight the preschool as an influential micro environment in children’s exercising of empowerment, the interview analysis was based on an ecological systems perspective.The intersectional perspective was used to emphasize possible differences in the children’s perceptions of empowerment due to gender and ethnicity. The results indicate that children perceive the preschool teacher as an uncontested authority. In the preschool environment with least resources and most ethnic diversity among the children, there seem to be a tendency that children perceive the teachers as even stronger authorities, than in the more affluent preschool environments. The peer relations are, however, more complex and questioned by the children. If children have internalized parts of the social context, like rules, seem to vary due to their own experience of consequences of such rules. A salient prerequisite for empowerment is to increase children’s opportunities to understand and be understood. Therefore, preschool teachers need to elaborate on children’s experiences.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Children's voices : Differentiating a child perspective from a child's perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 18:3, s. 162-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:The aim of this paper was to discuss differences between having a child perspective and taking the child's perspective based on the problem being investigated.METHODS:Conceptual paper based on narrative review.RESULTS:The child's perspective in research concerning children that need additional support are important. The difference between having a child perspective and taking the child's perspective in conjunction with the need to know children's opinions has been discussed in the literature. From an ideological perspective the difference between the two perspectives seems self-evident, but the perspectives might be better seen as different ends on a continuum solely from an adult's view of children to solely the perspective of children themselves. Depending on the research question, the design of the study may benefit from taking either perspective. In this article, we discuss the difference between the perspectives based on the problem being investigated, children's capacity to express opinions, environmental adaptations and the degree of interpretation needed to understand children's opinions.CONCLUSION:The examples provided indicate that children's opinions can be regarded in most research, although to different degrees.
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| 4. |
- Ullenhag, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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An international comparison of patterns of participation in leisure activities for children with and without disabilities in Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands
- 2012
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 15:5, s. 369-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate whether there are differences in participation in leisure activities between children with and without disabilities in Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands and how much personal and environmental factors explain leisure performance.Methods: In a cross-sectional analytic design, the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment, CAPE, was performed with 278 children with disabilities and 599 children without disabilities aged 6–17 years. A one-way between-groups ANOVA explored the differences in participation between the countries. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis assessed if age, gender, educational level, living area and country of residence explained the variance in participation.Results: Scandinavian children with disabilities participated in more activities with higher frequency compared to Dutch children. The strongest predictor was country of residence. For children without disabilities, differences existed in informal activities, the strongest predictor was gender.Conclusion: Differences in school- and support systems between the countries seem to influence patterns of participation, affecting children with disabilities most.
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| 5. |
- Ullenhag, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cultural validity of the children's assessment of participation and enjoyment/preferences for activities of children : CAPE/PAC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 19:5, s. 428-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to evaluate whether the activity items of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment/Preferences for Activities of Children (CAPE/PAC) were relevant for Swedish children. Subjects: A total of 337 typically developed children aged 6–17 years old. Methods: The CAPE/PAC was translated into Swedish in accordance with accepted translation procedures. By means of 14 group interviews with children with and without disabilities aged 6–15 years old and parents, available leisure activities were listed. These were matched to the items in the CAPE/PAC. Sixteen new potential activities were added and tested on 337 typical developed children from different regions of Sweden. A cutoff level of activities performed by >10% was set to identify relevant activities. Differences between the original and a proposed Swedish version were analysed using paired-samples t-tests of standardized mean scores. Results: Three new activity items were included, for 10 items new activity examples were added, and three not relevant items were excluded. In the Swedish version the outcome of standardized mean diversity score was significantly higher compared with the outcome of the original version. Conclusions:When using instruments in new contexts, it is not enough simply to translate; validation of the item relevance to the new context is essential.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Almqvist, Annika, 1949-
(författare)
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Drömmen om det egna huset : Från bostadsförsörjning till livsprojekt
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish housing research has disproportionately concentrated on the study of apartment blocks and on how to create functioning neighbourhoods and neighbourliness, as part of a national housing policy that aimed at building apartment blocks for ordinary families. Yet at the same time, most Swedish families with children have been choosing to live in an owner occupied house. How can this paradox be explainedThe starting point for Swedish housing policy - and therefore for Swedish housing research - has consequently been to foster equality and social justice in and through housing and town planning. In part this has aimed at providing better housing for working class people. But it has also aimed at easing the burden of work in the home, and it has done so by providing rationally planned housing and neighbourhoods, as well as well-developed public transport and other collective facilities. Alva Myrdal was a leading light in working for gender equility and has been an important source of inspiration for this approach to housing and town planning. Yet at the same time as this focus on equality was being pursued there were also strong currents favouring an approach that built on the strengths of gender differences and in particularly a view of women as housewives and home-oriented experts.Yet why have so many families taken the opportunity and chosen to move to an owner occupied house? In order to explain this, the positivistic tradition of housing research is indaquate. It is necessary to turn to the hermeneutic tradition of research on the meaning and significance of housing in a social and cultural context to look for answers.The social and cultural context can in turn be related to developments and issues in modernity. I argue that the continuing appeal of the owner occupied house even when most women are in paid employment needs to be understood against a background of increasing intimisation. This in turn can be seen as a reaction against the built-in tendency towards the development of individualisation. When people become increasingly home-oriented and inward- looking, the home as part of their lives increases in significance. The home in our time has become a free zone and a love project and so the owner occupied house appears to provide a better type of housing than an apartment in a multi-family building. This goes for men as well as women, despite the risk that traditional gender roles in the household can thereby be strengthened.
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| 8. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in gender equality? : Swedish fathers’ parental leave,division of childcare and housework
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1322-9400 .- 1839-3543. ; 20:1, s. 19-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden is well known for its family policy and this study explores whether fathers’ parental leave is related to later division of childcare and housework. Two materials were used; a panel survey (2003, 2009) and an interview study (2008). Respondents in the survey had their first child between the waves and the interview-study focused on parents of 2–3 year olds. The survey is analyzed by logistic regression and the interviews by grounded theory. The results indicate that when fathers took long leave parents shared both household tasks and childcare more equally after the leave. Higher expectations of sharing childcare is related to a higher share of divided childcare once becoming parents, although it seems that some tasks are more often shared than others. When the father took long leave both parents mention that the child relates to the father as much as the mother in everyday life.
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| 9. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena
(författare)
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Expectations relating to childcare among French and Swedish families
- 2007
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Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - : Routledge. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 10:1, s. 17-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates how policy and values interrelate concerning expectations of childcare based on 80 interviews with 40 families with young children from France and Sweden, respectively. Upbringing, learning and socialization are important expectations among French parents. The results presented here are in line with educational goals that may have been influenced by policy. The findings suggest that France may, in terms of expectations on childcare, still belong to the conservative cluster as categorized by Esping-Andersen (1990), although family policy may differ from that of, for example, Germany and Italy in the same cluster. Swedish parents stress the importance of the individual child as well as pedagogy, thus, indicating compatibility between a parental wish for the individual development of the child and an emphasis on collective care in Swedish family policy.
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| 10. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-
(författare)
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Expériences de conciliation du travail et de la vie de famille en France et en Suède
- 2006
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Ingår i: Enfances, Familles, Générations. - : Conseil de développement de la recherche sur la famille du Québec. - 1708-6310. ; :4, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how social policy and norms affect experiences of the reconciliation of work and family life, using interviews with 40 families with young children from France and Sweden respectively. The major findings indicate that Swedish parents more often experience role conflicts and stress than French parents, thus giving stronger support for the role stress theory among Swedes. Swedes refer to a lack of own time whereas particularly French women express dissatisfaction with domestic division of labour with their partner. French parents favour individual childcare at home or care at the workplace more than Swedes, who emphasise public collective childcare.
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