| 1. |
- Westin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2624-9367. ; 2, s. 1-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most serious injuries among Swedish alpine ski high school students. An ACL injury forces the skier to stop skiing for several months, and some skiers even have to give up their skiing career. Therefore, an ACL injury prevention program might play an important role for alpine skiers. In the present study ski high school students have been followed in terms of ACL injuries during 1–2 ski seasons between 2006/2007 and 2012/2013. Alpine skiers studying at the Swedish ski high schools during the ski seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 received a specific ACL injury prevention program (n = 305), while alpine skiers who attended a Swedish ski high school between the ski seasons 2006/2007 and 2010/2011 served as controls (n = 431). The prevention program was based on earlier studies and included indoor and outdoor exercises on snow focusing on core stability and neuromuscular control. Alpine skiing is an equilateral sport. Therefore, the goal of the prevention was to encourage the skiers to practice these exercises in order to perform equally good on both legs. The outcome measure consisted of the number and incidence of ACL injuries. The 2 years of prevention resulted in 12 ACL injuries (3.9%) compared with 35 ACL injuries during the control period (8.1%). The absolute risk rate showed a decreased incidence rate of −0.216 [CI −0.001–(−0.432)]/100 months attending a ski high school in favor of the intervention group. A prevention program focusing on the skier’s ability to perform neuromuscular exercises equally good on both legs led to a reduction of ACL injuries.
|
|
| 2. |
- Westin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine (OJSM). - Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications. - 2325-9671. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a high risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in alpine skiers. To reduce or try to prevent theseinjuries, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors need to be identified.Purpose: To identify possible intrinsic and extrinsic ACL injury risk factors among competitive adolescent alpine skiers.Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods: Between 2006 and 2009, a cohort of 339 alpine ski students (176 male, 163 female) from Swedish ski high schools wereprospectively observed in terms of ACL injuries. First-time ACL injuries were recorded. In September, prior to each ski season, theskiers were clinically examined according to a specific knee protocol.Results: Overall, 11 male and 14 female skiers sustained a total of 25 first-episode ACL injuries. The majority of injuries occurred inthe left knee (P < .05). Skiers who had participated in alpine skiing for >13 years (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68-1.00; P < .05) hada reduced risk of sustaining an ACL injury. Eighteen ACL injuries occurred during training, 12 in the technical discipline of giantslalom, and 8 in slalom. Fourteen skiers reported not to be fatigued at all at the time of injury, and 8 skiers reported that they weresomewhat fatigued.Conclusion: ACL injuries occurred more often in the left knee than the right. This should be taken into consideration in the design ofACL injury prevention programs. Those who reported a higher number of active years in alpine skiing showed a reduced risk ofsustaining an ACL injury. No other factor among those studied could be identified as an independent risk factor for ACL injury.
|
|
