| 1. |
- Landberg, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of cell-free breast cancer patient-derived scaffolds using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry data and RNA sequencing data
- 2020
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient-derived scaffolds (PDSs) generated from primary breast cancer tumors can be used to model the tumor microenvironment in vitro . Patient-derived scaffolds are generated by repeated detergent washing, removing all cells. Here, we analyzed the protein composition of 15 decellularized PDSs using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. One hundred forty-three proteins were detected and their relative abundance was calculated using a reference sample generated from all PDSs. We performed heatmap analysis of all the detected proteins to display their expression patterns across different PDSs together with pathway enrichment analysis to reveal which processes that were connected to PDS protein composition. This protein dataset together with clinical information is useful to investigators studying the microenvironment of breast cancers. Further, after repopulating PDSs with either MCF7 or MDA-MB-231 cells, we quantified their gene expression profiles using RNA sequencing. These data were also compared to cells cultured in conventional 2D conditions, as well as to cells cultured as xenografts in immune-deficient mice. We investigated the overlap of genes regulated between these different culture conditions and performed pathway enrichment analysis of genes regulated by both PDS and xenograft cultures compared to 2D in both cell lines to describe common processes associated with both culture conditions. Apart from our described analyses of these systems, these data are useful when comparing different experimental model systems. Downstream data analyses and interpretations can be found in the research article "Patient-derived scaffolds uncover breast cancer promoting properties of the microenvironment" [1] . (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 2. |
- Landberg, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-derived scaffolds uncover breast cancer promoting properties of the microenvironment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biomaterials. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0142-9612 .- 1878-5905. ; 235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor cells interact with the microenvironment that specifically supports and promotes tumor development. Key components in the tumor environment have been linked to various aggressive cancer features and can further influence the presence of subpopulations of cancer cells with specific functions, including cancer stem cells and migratory cells. To model and further understand the influence of specific microenvironments we have developed an experimental platform using cell-free patient-derived scaffolds (PDSs) from primary breast cancers infiltrated with standardized breast cancer cell lines. This PDS culture system induced a series of orchestrated changes in differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness and proliferation of the cancer cell population, where an increased cancer stem cell pool was confirmed using functional assays. Furthermore, global gene expression profiling showed that PDS cultures were similar to xenograft cultures. Mass spectrometry analyses of cell-free PDSs identified subgroups based on their protein composition that were linked to clinical properties, including tumor grade. Finally, we observed that an induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in cancer cells growing on the PDSs were significantly associated with clinical disease recurrences in breast cancer patients. Patient-derived scaffolds thus mimics in vivo-like growth conditions and uncovers unique information about the malignancy-inducing properties of tumor microenvironment. © 2019 The Authors
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Engström, Emma, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Applying spatial regression to evaluate risk factors for microbiological contamination of urban groundwater sources in Juba, South Sudan
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hydrogeology Journal. - : Springer Verlag. - 1431-2174 .- 1435-0157. ; 25:4, s. 1077-1091
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study developed methodology for statistically assessing groundwater contamination mechanisms. It focused on microbial water pollution in low-income regions. Risk factors for faecal contamination of groundwater-fed drinking-water sources were evaluated in a case study in Juba, South Sudan. The study was based on counts of thermotolerant coliforms in water samples from 129 sources, collected by the humanitarian aid organisation Médecins Sans Frontières in 2010. The factors included hydrogeological settings, land use and socio-economic characteristics. The results showed that the residuals of a conventional probit regression model had a significant positive spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I = 3.05, I-stat = 9.28); therefore, a spatial model was developed that had better goodness-of-fit to the observations. The most significant factor in this model (p-value 0.005) was the distance from a water source to the nearest Tukul area, an area with informal settlements that lack sanitation services. It is thus recommended that future remediation and monitoring efforts in the city be concentrated in such low-income regions. The spatial model differed from the conventional approach: in contrast with the latter case, lowland topography was not significant at the 5% level, as the p-value was 0.074 in the spatial model and 0.040 in the traditional model. This study showed that statistical risk-factor assessments of groundwater contamination need to consider spatial interactions when the water sources are located close to each other. Future studies might further investigate the cut-off distance that reflects spatial autocorrelation. Particularly, these results advise research on urban groundwater quality. © 2016, The Author(s).
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Herlin, Anders Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Animal welfare implications of digital tools for monitoring and management of cattle and sheep on pasture
- 2021
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Ingår i: Animals. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2615. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The opportunities for natural animal behaviours in pastures imply animal welfare benefits. Nevertheless, monitoring the animals can be challenging. The use of sensors, cameras, positioning equipment and unmanned aerial vehicles in large pastures has the potential to improve animal welfare surveillance. Directly or indirectly, sensors measure environmental factors together with the behaviour and physiological state of the animal, and deviations can trigger alarms for, e.g., disease, heat stress and imminent calving. Electronic positioning includes Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) for the recording of animals at fixed points. Positioning units (GPS) mounted on collars can determine animal movements over large areas, determine their habitat and, somewhat, health and welfare. In combination with other sensors, such units can give information that helps to evaluate the welfare of free-ranging animals. Drones equipped with cameras can also locate and count the animals, as well as herd them. Digitally defined virtual fences can keep animals within a predefined area without the use of physical barriers, relying on acoustic signals and weak electric shocks. Due to individual variations in learning ability, some individuals may be exposed to numerous electric shocks, which might compromise their welfare. More research and development are required, especially regarding the use of drones and virtual fences. © 2021 by the authors.
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| 7. |
- Holtz, Emma, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of dielectric and sorption properties on drying behaviour and energy efficiency during microwave convective drying of selected food and non-food inorganic materials
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Food Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0260-8774 .- 1873-5770. ; 97:2, s. 142-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The average energy efficiency of microwave convective drying is strongly related to drying time and thus to drying kinetics. This study investigates the energy efficiency of materials with different material properties and drying rates. Four solid, porous materials (swede, potato, bread, and lightweight concrete) were dried under the same microwave convective drying conditions. Drying behaviour, temperature development, hygroscopicity, dielectric properties, and specific energy consumption were studied. Despite differences in kinetics and product properties, the specific energy consumption (MJ/kg evaporated water) was approximately the same for all materials at intermediate to high moisture contents. When drying was pursued into the hygroscopic region, however, the specific energy consumption increased. The results indicate that a relationship between microwave penetration depth and water activity of the materials may be found. Drying of the food materials was limited by burning either due to temperature runaway in the hygroscopic region or due to development of hot spots, possibly induced by material structure.
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| 8. |
- Holtz, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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The role of processing parameters on energy efficiency during microwave convective drying of porous materials
- 2009
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Ingår i: Drying Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0737-3937 .- 1532-2300. ; 27:2, s. 173-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small-scale microwave convective dryer was built to study the effects of microwave power level, air temperature, and air velocity on drying kinetics, temperature development, and specific energy consumption (MJ/ kg evaporated water) using statistical designs. Increased microwave power had a large significant effect on moisture loss and temperature development and it reduced specific energy consumption. Increased air temperature and air velocity increased specific energy consumption, as their effect on drying kinetics was smaller in the system used. Low air temperature slowed the drying process, without affecting the relationship between average sample temperature and average moisture content during drying.
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| 9. |
- Reid, Michael S., et al.
(författare)
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Dewatering of Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose for Membrane Production
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 11:46, s. 16428-16441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose-based membranes have tremendous potential to improve the sustainability and performance of high value applications, such as filters and energy devices, particularly as fluorinated compounds are becoming more regulated. Yet, a deeper understanding of how cellulose films are formed and their structure, in both the wet and dry state, is needed to meet application specific demands and scale-up. We investigated cellulose dewatering using dead-end filtration and the effect of particle size, pressure, temperature, ionic strength, and pH were explored. Dewatering times, filtration cake resistance and compressibility of microfibrillated celluloses (MFCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), (and a combination thereof) were measured to understand the role of fibrillation and intermolecular forces during dewatering and forming of membranes. In this fundamental work, dewatering behavior was well described by conventional filtration theory and increasing the pressure from 1 to 4 bar reduced dewatering times by one-half with no significant impact on the mechanical properties. Cake compressibility was found to be directly related to particle size and degree of fibrillation, indicating that finer grades of MFCs and CNFs could be more effectively dewatered at higher pressures. Adjusting pH and ionic strength of cellulose dispersions could similarly reduce dewatering times, yet impacted the wet and dry mechanical properties. This work serves as a basis to better understand the structure-property relationships that develop during dewatering of MFCs and CNFs.
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| 10. |
- Svanström, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Hypoxic and Normoxic Culturing Conditions in Different Breast Cancer 3D Model Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-4185. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The field of 3D cell cultures is currently emerging, and material development is essential in striving toward mimicking the microenvironment of a native tissue. By using the response of reporter cells to a 3D environment, a comparison between materials can be assessed, allowing optimization of material composition and microenvironment. Of particular interest, the response can be different in a normoxic and hypoxic culturing conditions, which in turn may alter the conclusion regarding a successful recreation of the microenvironment. This study aimed at determining the role of such environments to the conclusion of a better resembling cell culture model to native tissue. Here, the breast cancer cell line MCF7 was cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions on patient-derived scaffolds and compared at mRNA and protein levels to cells cultured on 3D printed scaffolds, Matrigel, and conventional 2D plastics. Specifically, a wide range of mRNA targets (40), identified as being regulated upon hypoxia and traditional markers for cell traits (cancer stem cells, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation), were used together with a selection of corresponding protein targets. 3D cultured cells were vastly different to 2D cultured cells in gene expression and protein levels on the majority of the selected targets in both normoxic and hypoxic culturing conditions. By comparing Matrigel and 3DPS-cultured cells to cells cultured on patient-derived scffolds, differences were also noted along all categories of mRNA targets while specifically for the GLUT3 protein. Overall, cells cultured on patient-derived scaffolds closely resembled cells cultured on 3D printed scaffolds, contrasting 2D and Matrigel-cultured cells, regardless of a normoxic or hypoxic culturing condition. Thus, these data support the use of either a normoxic or hypoxic culturing condition in assays using native tissues as a blueprint to optimize material composition. Copyright © 2021 Svanström, Rosendahl, Salerno, Jonasson, Håkansson, Ståhlberg and Landberg.
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