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- Glynn, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Declining levels of PCB, HCB and p,p'-DDE in adipose tissue from food producing bovines and swine in Sweden 1991-2004
- 2009
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 74:11, s. 1457-1462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The official control programme for organochlorine (OC) contaminants in food producing animals in Sweden was used to study temporal and spatial trends of the polychlorinated biphenyl CB 153, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and p,p'-DDE in adipose tissue from bovines and swine 1991-2004. Our results show that efforts to decrease OC contamination of animal feed and the environment have had a positive impact on the contamination of the animal production. OC concentrations declined significantly in almost all studied regions of Sweden. OC temporal trends were slower in bovines (6-8% per year) than in swine (10-12%). Power analyses showed that data from more than 10 years of sampling were needed for a detection of an annual OC level change of 5% in both species in the control programme, due to large within- and between-year variation in OC levels. CB 153 and p,p'-DDE levels were higher in southern than in northern Sweden. Levels decreased with age in milk cows, but not in young nulliparous cows (heifers) and bulls. Moreover, milk cows and bulls had significantly lower OC levels than heifers. Levels were not age-dependent among swine, but castrated male swine (barrows) had significantly lower OC levels than young female swine (gilts). Levels of the studied OCs are now in many cases below the LOQ of the analytical method used. Future time trend studies of these OCs thus depend on lowered LOQs in the control programme.
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| 6. |
- Ankarberg, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Increased susceptibility to adult paraoxon exposure in mice neonatally exposed to nicotine
- 2004
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Ingår i: Toxicological Sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1096-6080 .- 1096-0929. ; 82:2, s. 555-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-dose exposure of neonatal mice to nicotine has earlier been shown to induce an altered behavioral response to nicotine in adulthood. Organophosphorus insecticides are known to affect the cholinergic system by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. This study was undertaken to investigate whether neonatal exposure to nicotine makes mice more susceptible to a known cholinergic agent. Neonatal, 10-day-old, male mice were exposed to nicotine-base (33 microg/kg body weight) or saline s.c. twice daily on five consecutive days. At 5 months of age the animals were exposed to paraoxon (0.17 or 0.25 mg/kg body weight [29% and 37% inhibition of cholinesterase, respectively]) or saline sc every second day for 7 days. Before the first paraoxon injection, the animals were observed for spontaneous motor behavior. The spontaneous motor behavior test did not reveal any differences in behavior between the treatment groups. Immediately after the spontaneous behavior test, the animals received the first injection of paraoxon and were observed for acute effects of paraoxon on spontaneous motor behavior. The acute response to paraoxon in the spontaneous motor behavior test was a decreased level of activity in mice neonatally exposed to nicotine. Control animals showed no change in activity. Two months after the paraoxon treatment, the animals were again tested for spontaneous motor behavior. Animals neonatally exposed to nicotine and exposed to paraoxon as adults showed a deranged spontaneous motor behavior, including hyperactivity and lack of habituation.
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| 7. |
- Ankarberg, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of flame retardants in fish from the Baltic Sea, Sweden
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) are commonly used brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in products such as computers, furniture, carpets and other materials. PBDEs and HBCD are incorporated into the matrix without chemical binding. Since they are not bound to the polymer product, they have the potential to leak and escape into the environment (Hutzinger et al. 1976; Hutzinger and Thoma 1987). Due to their chemical properties, lipophilicity and persistence, these substances have been detected in several biological matrices. The toxic effects are not yet fully understood, but for example, neurodevelopmental as well as thyroid hormone alterations has been reported (for review see Darnerud 2003). For risk assessment purposes, the Swedish National Food Administration has during the last years conducted surveys on levels of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in fish from the Baltic region. These studies have included the “traditional” POPs, such as PCBs, PCDD/DFs, and pesticides, as well as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). The aim with the present survey is to obtain relevant BFR data for the ongoing evaluation of levels and trends of these contaminants in fish, as a base for human risk assessment.
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