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- Alneberg, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Genomes from uncultivated prokaryotes: a comparison of metagenome-assembled and single-amplified genomes
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Prokaryotes dominate the biosphere and regulate biogeochemical processes essential to all life. Yet, our knowledge about their biology is for the most part limited to the minority that has been successfully cultured. Molecular techniques now allow for obtaining genome sequences of uncultivated prokaryotic taxa, facilitating in-depth analyses that may ultimately improve our understanding of these key organisms.Results: We compared results from two culture-independent strategies for recovering bacterial genomes: single-amplified genomes and metagenome-assembled genomes. Single-amplified genomes were obtained from samples collected at an offshore station in the Baltic Sea Proper and compared to previously obtained metagenome-assembled genomes from a time series at the same station. Among 16 single-amplified genomes analyzed, seven were found to match metagenome-assembled genomes, affiliated with a diverse set of taxa. Notably, genome pairs between the two approaches were nearly identical (>98.7% identity) across overlapping regions (30-80% of each genome). Within matching pairs, the single-amplified genomes were consistently smaller and less complete, whereas the genetic functional profiles were maintained. For the metagenome-assembled genomes, only on average 3.6% of the bases were estimated to be missing from the genomes due to wrongly binned contigs; the metagenome assembly was found to cause incompleteness to a higher degree than the binning procedure.Conclusions: The strong agreement between the single-amplified and metagenome-assembled genomes emphasizes that both methods generate accurate genome information from uncultivated bacteria. Importantly, this implies that the research questions and the available resources are allowed to determine the selection of genomics approach for microbiome studies.
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| 4. |
- Jansson, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Otillräcklig kunskap om lindrig TSH-stegring under graviditet
- 2016
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 113
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Övertygande bevis saknas för att subklinisk hypotyreos innebär ökad risk för graviditetskomplikationer och skadlig fosterutveckling.Gravida kvinnor kan vid provtagning felaktigt bibringas uppfattningen att de lider av sköldkörtelsjukdom som kan äventyra graviditeten.I väntan på att kunskapsläget förbättras kan inte bred screening för sköldkörtelsjukdom under graviditet rekommenderas.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Christofer M. G., et al.
(författare)
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Metatranscriptomic analysis uncovers divergent responses of Baltic Sea bacteria to forest and agriculture river loadings
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climate change is predicted to induce substantial changes in precipitation patterns across the globe. In Northern Europe, precipitation is expected to increase more than the global average (particularly in northern Scandinavia), causing increased river runoff. The Baltic Sea is one of the largest brackish environments on earth with a catchment area that spans 14 countries, encompassing primarily forested areas and agricultural landscapes. Despite the acknowledged role of marine bacteria in nutrient cycling, there is a lack of knowledge in their metabolic responses to inorganic and organic nutrient loading from riverine runoff. We investigated the bacterial growth and gene expression responses in a mesocosm experiment in which river water from boreal forest- (enriched in humic substances) or agriculture- influenced catchment areas were added to Baltic Sea Proper water. The riverine nutrient input triggered extensive phytoplankton blooms and bacterial growth, most notably in the agriculture river treatment. Interestingly, bacterial gene expression analysis (metatranscriptomics) showed similar responses to agriculture and humic river inputs at the start of the experiment (before the phytoplankton bloom), but expression patterns diverged significantly upon bloom senescence.Notably, transcripts associated with phosphate metabolism were significantly enriched , whereas transcripts related to nitrogen metabolism were significantly lower in the agriculture river treatment compared to the boreal forest river treatment. The opposite pattern was observed in the boreal forest river water treatment. Overall, our results showed that interactions between river nutrient loading and phytoplankton organic matter are important in regulating bacterial activities and responses at the molecular level. This suggests that bacterial transformations of organic matter and nutrient cycling in coastal waters and estuarine environments are sensitive to changes in precipitation patterns in a catchment area-dependent manner.
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| 7. |
- Roos, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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Graves' sjukdom vid graviditet ger risk för barnet : TSH-receptorantikroppar hos kvinnan kan ge fetal och neonatal tyreotoxikos
- 2008
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 105:3, s. 120-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Graves' sjukdom hos en gravid kvinna medför risk för fetal och neonatal tyreotoxikos hos barnet, vilket orsakas av stimulerande TSH-receptorantikroppar (TRAK) som passerar placenta under slutet av graviditeten. I enstaka fall kan TRAK även finnas hos en kvinna som tidigare opererats eller radiojodbehandlats för Graves' sjukdom. Antikroppstitern hos modern är ett bra mått på risken att barnet utvecklar fetal och neonatal tyreotoxikos. På senare år har nya metoder för att mäta TRAK introducerats. Vi har jämfört dessa med en tidigare metod och anger vilka TRAK-nivåer under graviditet som innebär stor risk för påverkan på barnet. Beskrivning av två fall illustrerar hur förloppet av Graves´ sjukdom under graviditet kan yttra sig.
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| 9. |
- Schölin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Islet antibodies and remaining beta-cell function 8 years after diagnosis of diabetes in young adults : a prospective follow-up of the nationwide Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 255:3, s. 384-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ObjectivesTo establish the prevalence of remaining β-cell function 8 years after diagnosis of diabetes in young adults and relate the findings to islet antibodies at diagnosis and 8 years later.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingNationwide from all Departments of Medicine and Endocrinology in Sweden.SubjectsA total of 312 young (15–34 years old) adults diagnosed with diabetes during 1987–88.Main outcome measurePlasma connecting peptide (C-peptide) 8 years after diagnosis. Preserved β-cell function was defined as measurable C-peptide levels. Three islet antibodies – cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and tyrosine phosphatase antibodies – were measured.ResultsAmongst 269 islet antibody positives (ab+) at diagnosis, preserved β-cell function was found in 16% (42/269) 8 years later and these patients had a higher body mass index (median 22.7 and 20.5 kg m−2, respectively; P = 0.0003), an increased frequency of one islet antibody (50 and 24%, respectively; P = 0.001), and a lower prevalence of ICA (55 and 6%, respectively; P = 0.007) at diagnosis compared with ab+ without remaining β-cell function. Amongst the 241 patients without detectable β-cell function at follow-up, 14 lacked islet antibodies, both at diagnosis and at follow-up.ConclusionsSixteen per cent of patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes had remaining β-cell function 8 years after diagnosis whereas 5.8% with β-cell failure lacked islet autoimmunity, both at diagnosis and at follow-up.
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| 10. |
- Schölin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Normal weight promotes remission and low number of islet antibodies prolong the duration of remission in Type 1 diabetes
- 2004
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 21:5, s. 447-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim To identify clinical, immunological and biochemical factors that predict remission, and its duration in a large cohort of young adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods In Sweden, 362 patients (15–34 years), classified as Type 1 DM were included in a prospective, nation-wide population-based study. All patients were followed at local hospitals for examination of HbA1c and insulin dosage over a median period after diagnosis of 5 years. Duration of remission, defined as an insulin maintenance dose ≤ 0.3 U/kg/24 h and HbA1c within the normal range, was analysed in relation to characteristics at diagnosis.Results Remissions were seen in 43% of the patients with a median duration of 8 months (range 1–73). Sixteen per cent had a remission with a duration > 12 months. Among patients with antibodies (ab+), bivariate analysis suggested that adult age, absence of low BMI, high plasma C-peptide concentrations, lack of ketonuria or ketoacidosis at diagnosis and low insulin dose at discharge from hospital were associated with a high possibility of achieving remission. Multiple regression showed that normal weight (BMI of 20–24.9 kg/m2) was the only factor that remained significant for the possibility of entering remission. In survival analysis among ab+ remitters, a low number of islet antibodies, one or two instead of three or four, were associated with a long duration of remissions.Conclusion In islet antibody-positive Type 1 DM, normal body weight was the strongest factor for entering remission, whilst a low number of islet antibodies was of importance for the duration.
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