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- Bergemalm, Daniel, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Superoxide dismutase-1 and other proteins in inclusions from transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model mice
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mutant superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through a cytotoxic mechanism of unknown nature. A hallmark in ALS patients and transgenic mouse models carrying human SOD1 (hSOD1) mutations are hSOD1-immunoreactive inclusions in spinal cord ventral horns. The hSOD1 inclusions may block essential cellular functions or cause toxicity through sequestering of other proteins. Inclusions from 4 different transgenic mouse models were examined after density gradient ultracentrifugation. The inclusions are complex structures with heterogeneous densities and are disrupted by detergents. The aggregated hSOD1 was mainly composed of subunits that lacked the native stabilizing intrasubunit disulfide bond. A proportion of subunits formed hSOD1 oligomers or was bound to other proteins through disulfide bonds. Dense inclusions could be isolated and the protein composition was analyzed using proteomic techniques. Mutant hSOD1 accounted for half of the protein. Ten other proteins were identified. Two were cytoplasmic chaperones, 4 were cytoskeletal proteins, and 4 were proteins that normally reside in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The presence of ER proteins in inclusions containing the primarily cytosolic hSOD1 further supports the notion that ER stress is involved in ALS.
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- Ingre, Caroline, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Erythrocyte SOD1 enzyme activity in ALS patients is not modulated by a 50 bp deletion in the alleged SOD1 promotor
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background A known cause of ALS are mutations in the SOD1 gene. There is also evidence that SOD1 may be involved in cases lacking mutations in the gene. A 50 bp deletion located 1684 bp upstream of the start codon of SOD1 has been suggested to reduce transcription of SOD1, affect enzymatic activity and to be associated with later disease onset in ALS patients. The findings have been challenged by a study of Italian ALS patients, and here we examined the 50 bp deletion in Swedish ALS patients and controls. Methods Blood samples from 543 Swedish ALS patients and 356 Swedish controls were analysed for the 50 bp deletion and for SOD1 enzymic activity. The results were related to the disease phenotype of the patients.Results The frequency of the 50 bp deletion was the same in the patient and control cohorts, and both were found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium regarding the deletion. In relation to the different genotypes, no differences were detected in SOD1 enzymic activity, duration of disease, age of onset or site of onset.Conclusions When interpreting the present results together with previous results from other populations, we find it unlikely that the 50 bp deletion region has any regulatory function for the SOD1 gene, nor any effects on the phenotype of ALS.
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- Keskin, Isil, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive analysis to explain reduced or increased SOD1 enzymatic activity in erythrocytes in ALS patients and their relatives
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Our objective was to in blood samples from 3723 individuals including ALS patients without a coding SOD1 mutation and 372 control individuals characterize stabilities of mutant SOD1s, compare SOD1 enzymatic activities between patients with different genetic causes of ALS, and search for underlying causes of deviant SOD1 activities in individuals lacking SOD1 mutations. Erythrocyte SOD1 enzymatic activities normalized to hemoglobin content were determined. Coding SOD1 sequences were analyzed by Sanger sequencing, copy number variations by fragment length analysis and by TaqMan Assay. Hemoglobin disorders were searched for. Of the 46 SOD1 mutations found, ¾ caused severe destabilization of the mutant protein but in ¼ SOD1 was essentially physically stable. Mutations producing structural changes all caused halved SOD activities. There were no differences in SOD1 activities between controls and patients without any detected SOD1 mutations or patients with C9ORF72HRE or TBK1 mutations. In the low and high SOD1 activity groups no deviations were found in exon copy numbers and intron gross structures. Also, no uncommon variants in exon-flanking sequences were detected. Thalassemias and iron deficiency anemia were associated with increased SOD1 activity/hemoglobin ratios. In conclusion, adjunct erythrocyte SOD activity analysis is of value to signal the presence of exon and splice-site-intron mutations that influence the SOD1 structure.
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