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- C. Manchaiah, Vinaya K., 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Stages of change in adults noticing hearing difficulties but not using hearing aids
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate health behaviour change characteristics based on the transtheoretical stages-of-change model in adults noticing hearing difficulties but not using hearing aids using the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) scale.Design: The study employed a cross-sectional design.Study Sample: The study was conducted in United Kingdom and 90 pre-clinical participants completed URICA as well as measures of self-reported hearing disability, self-reported anxiety and depression, self-reported hearing disability acceptance and also provided some demographic details online.Results: As predicted, the results indicate that a high percentage of participants (over 90%) were in the contemplation and preparation stages. This was in contrast to a previous study, which included participants attending audiology clinic, where most participants (about 80%) were in the action stage (Laplante-Lévesque et al., 2013). In addition, statistically significant differences were observed in terms of readiness to change composite and committed action composite between the study samples in the current and the previous study.Conclusions: Study results support the stages-of-change model. In addition, implications of the current study and areas for future research are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Green-Landell, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal associations between social anxiety, depressive symptoms and peer victimization in adolescence : A prospective community study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Self-reported social anxiety, depressive symptoms and peer victimization was investigated in 350 students in grade 7 and then in grade 8, 9 and 11. Using latent growth modeling, social anxiety was found to be stable over time and to have a time-invariant association with depressive symptoms. Further, social anxiety predicted subsequent depressive symptoms but not vice versa. Support was found for a meditational model. That is, peer victimization in grade 7 was related to higher level of social anxiety, which in turn was associated with more depressive symptoms in grade 8, 9 and 11. The development of social anxiety and depression symptomatology among adolescents can thus be described as one sequential longitudinal process initiated by peer victimization.
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| 3. |
- Hesser, Hugo, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Acceptance as a Mediator in Internet-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Tinnitus
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite demonstrated efficacy of behavioral and cognitive techniques in treating the impact of tinnitus (constant ringing in the ears), little is known about the mechanisms by which these techniques achieve their effect. The present study examined acceptance of tinnitus as a potential mediator of treatment changes on global tinnitus severity in internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy (iACT) and internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (iCBT). Data from 67 participants who were distressed by tinnitus and who were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatments were analyzed using a multilevel moderated mediation model. We predicted that acceptance as measured with the two subscales of the tinnitus acceptance questionnaire (i.e., activity engagement and tinnitus suppression) would mediate the outcome in iACT, but not in iCBT. Results provided partial support to the notion that mediation was moderated by treatment: tinnitus suppression mediated changes in tinnitus severity in iACT, but not in iCBT. However, inconsistent with the view that the treatments worked through different processes of change, activity engagement mediated treatment changes across both iACT and iCBT. Acceptance is identified as a key source of therapeutic change in behavioral-based treatments for tinnitus.
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| 5. |
- Lech, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Affect Consciousness and Adult Attachment
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concept of affect consciousness refers to the ability to perceive, reflect upon, express and respond to one’s own or other individuals’ affective experiences. The aim of this study was to investigate how affect consciousness and adult attachment are related. Three clinical groups (eating disorders, relational problems, and stress-related problems), and one non-clinical group (total N = 82) completed the Attachment Style Questionnaire and were interviewed using the Affect Consciousness Interview – Self/Other. Results showed associations between high affect consciousness and secure attachment, and between low affect consciousness and insecure attachment. Moreover, attachment style was predicted by consciousness about others’ and own affects in general, and specifically by consciousness about others’ anger and guilt, and by own joy. Affect consciousness as a potential dimension or moderator of attachment merits further investigation.
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| 6. |
- Lech, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of the patient‟s affect consciousness on the early treatment process
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several predictors of the quality of the therapeutic relationship have been studied, but the influence of patient‟s affect consciousness has not sufficiently analyzed. In this study, the relationship between the patient‟s affect consciousness and her experiences of the early therapeutic relationship was analysed. Affect consciousness was understood to imply awareness and tolerance of one‟s own and others‟ affective reactions and consciousness about the verbal and non-verbal expression of one‟s own and others‟ affects. Fifty-three female patients and 32 therapists took part in the study. Thirty-five patients had eating disorders, eight patients had relational problems and ten patients had stress related problems. It was hypothesized that feelings towards the therapist would be more influenced by the patient‟s affect consciousness than the alliance. The results showed that the patients‟ affect consciousness, especially consciousness about shame and fear, had significant associations with the patients‟ positive feelings towards the therapist at the three first sessions. A regression analysis indicated that warm and positive feelings towards the therapist were accounted for by the patient‟s consciousness about his or her own affects, even when previous alliance ratings were controlled for. Cold feelings at the third session, on the other hand, were associated with the patient‟s previous alliance ratings but not with the patient‟s affect consciousness. The results suggest that the patient‟s affect consciousness has importance for positive feelings towards the therapist, but negative feelings are primarily influenced by previous problems in the alliance. It would probably enhance the treatment process to work with the patients‟ affect consciousness.
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| 7. |
- Sunnhed, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
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Mediators of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy for insomnia disorder : a test of the processes in the cognitive model
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To examine if the processes in the cognitive model mediate cognitive therapy (CT) and behavior therapy (BT) for insomnia.Method: Individuals diagnosed insomnia disorder (n=219) were randomized to telephone supported internet-delivered cognitive therapy (n=72), behavior therapy (n=73), or a waitlist (n=74). Cognitive processes (worry, dysfunctional beliefs, monitoring and safety behaviors) proposed to maintain insomnia and treatment outcome (insomnia severity; ISI) were assessed biweekly. Criteria for evaluating mediators were assessed via parallel process growth modeling and cross-lagged panel models.Results: Parallel process growth modeling showed that dysfunctional beliefs, monitoring and safety behaviors significantly mediated the effects of both CT and BT. Cross-lagged panel models confirmed that dysfunctional beliefs and monitoring, which approached significance, drove the change for CT. In BT, however, prior changes in ISI predicted later changes in worry and monitoring, and reciprocal influences among processes and outcomes were observed for dysfunctional beliefs and safety behaviors. The effect of safety behavior on outcome was significantly larger for BT compared to CT.Conclusion: Together, the findings support the role of dysfunctional beliefs and monitoring as processes of change in CT, and safety behaviors as a specific mediator in BT. Limited evidence was provided for worry as a mediator. These findings have relevance for the conceptualizations of insomnia, future research, and clinical management.
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