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| 2. |
- Andersson, Ing-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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OR-processen : En arbetsmetod för bättre arbetsmiljö genom Ordning & Reda
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under 2005 och 2006 har Tema Arbetsliv inom Högskolan Dalarna genomfört ett tillämpat forskningsprojekt inom ramen för projektet ”Attraktivt Arbete”. Projektet har haft arbetsnamnet OR - 2005 och har genomförts med syfte att pröva hur en arbetsmetod för ”ordning och reda”, en metod som utvecklats för verkstadsindustrin, kan anpassas för annan verksamhet. Tio företag/organisationer har medverkat i projektet. Processarbetet hos dessa har genomförts under perioden april till november 2005. Sammanlagt har ca 65 personer aktivt medverkat i projektet. Det totala antalet personer som berörts, direkt och indirekt av processarbetet uppgår till drygt 300 personer. Resultaten visar att metoden och arbetssättet är generellt och kan användas inom många olikartade verksamheter. Den skillnad som finns, och som metodens arbetssätt stöder, är de områden och faktorer som berörs av processen inom olika branscher. Samtliga medverkande företag/organisationer har kunnat använda metoden och även uppnått en bättre ordning & reda i sitt arbetssätt och/eller sin fysiska arbetsmiljö (lokaler och verktyg). Flera av företagen/organisationerna har även beskrivit att OR-processen förbättrar det dagliga arbetet som nu löper mer effektivt efter att processen genomförts. En viktig framgångsfaktor i OR-processen ligger i det att beslutade rutiner utgår från vad man på arbetsplatsen kan vara överens om. En annan viktig framgångsfaktor bygger på det engagemang som växer ur mätningen av framåtskridandet. Detta är även en av metodens styrkor – att resultatet av processen är kopplats till engagemanget hos chef och medarbetare. OR-processen kan i sig inte beskrivas som en metod för att specifikt hantera arbetsmiljöfrågor men det visar sig att många av de rutiner som tagits upp och som man på arbetsplatserna kommit överens om ligger inom arbetsmiljöområdet. OR-processen är lätt att använda, ger tydliga och snabba resultat som uppskattas av såväl ledning som medarbetare. Nyttan uppväger väl den insats som behövs i form av tid och engagemang.
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| 3. |
- Erlandsson, Malin, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of metastasin S100A4 is essential for bone resorption and regulates osteoclast function.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Biochimica et biophysica acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3002. ; 1833:12, s. 2653-2663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- S100A4 is a Ca-binding protein that regulates cell growth, survival, and motility. The abundant expression of S100A4 in rheumatiod arthritis contributes to the invasive growth of joint tissue and to bone damage. In the present study, we analysed the role of S100A4 in bone homeostasis.
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| 4. |
- Hedlund, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Attractive work
- 2009
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Ingår i: 7:th Seminar on Worklife Development. - Lappeenranta and Ruokolahti, Finland.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The model of Attractive Work was published 2004 (Åteg, Hedlund m fl. 2004). A questionnaire Questionnaire concerning Attractive Work was developed from the model (Högskolan Dalarna 2008). The questionnaire has been used during some years and at most occasions as a part in the Attractive Work Process. It is mostly researchers at Theme Working Life that have been using it, but also some supporting service companies. Data has been collected by the questionnaire during development work at companies or organizations. The results that will be presented are gathered from 16 different studies. Totally 1440 persons have filled in the questionnaire. They were employed at workplaces in different branches, for example estate management, parish work, museum, and elderly care. The results represent only these groups and are not representative for Swedish work force. The results shows that work is a relatively important aspect in the respondents life (3,8 on a scale 1-5). The main reason for working is to more than half of them “Earning a living and survival” (55,1%), two fifth says “Self-realization and good quality of life” (39,9%), and only a minor part says “material gain and a high standard of living” ( 5,0%). Most of them consider their current job as attractive to a big extent. The most important qualities to make a job attractive concern working conditions related to relations and leadership, as well as work satisfaction related to be sought after, stimulated and have inner acknowledgement. The two most important qualities are “I consider what I do to be important” and “I feel that I do a good job”. These important qualities correspond to a relatively high degree in the respondents’ current job, but there are still opportunities for development. The Attractive Work Process has been developed within interactive research and development projects. The process contains six steps – 1) Inform, plan and motivate, 2) Complete the questionnaire, 3) Analyze results, 4) Report results and prioritize, 5) Action plan, 6) Measure/evaluate. Central and important aspects of the process have been identified based on the experiences of participating researchers and companies. General important aspects are that the process is built on a promoting approach and engagement from all the employees. It is thereby important that the behavior of the process leader supports that approach. To make changes takes time and taking small steps in the right direction keeps the process moving forward. The process must be “living” all the time in order to be continuous. Högskolan Dalarna (2008). Questionnaire concerning Attractive Work. Borlänge: 5. Åteg, M., A. Hedlund, m fl. (2004). Attraktivt arbete. Från anställdas uttalanden till skapandet av en modell. Stockholm, Arbetslivsinstitutet.
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| 5. |
- Moström Åberg, Marie, 1969-
(författare)
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Epistemology of practice and its consequences in practice : Educating for knowing-in-action in working life
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Education and competence development are of increased interest in today’s society and organizations, to increase the wellbeing, lifelong learning, and mobility of the labor force, and contribute to companies’ global competition. As a consequence, formal and informal education is growing. However, there are dilemmas when developing professional competence e.g. bridging the gap between theory and practice, trying to increase employability in higher education, and the degradation of professionals’ knowledge. These dilemmas can partly be due to epistemology and the difficulty to act in accordance with one’s epistemology. Previous research has presented Technical Rationality (TR) as the cause of the problems and an epistemology of practice as an alternative approach. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to a deeper understanding of a holistic epistemology, i.e. what an epistemology of practice is, and its consequences for the view of professional competence and educational design in different contexts. Beyond this, the aim is also to analyze the quality of learning needed to reassess one’s epistemology. The theoretical framework is based on Schön’s work on epistemology of practice, the competence of a professional i.e. knowing-in-action, and educational design i.e. the reflective practicum. Mezirow’s theory of Transformative Learning (TL) is used to analyze the quality of learning. The four included studies are used as examples of different educational situations in different contexts; in Studies Ι and ΙΙΙ how managers in a research intervention learn to become enabling managers, in Study ΙΙ, how pupils in a vocational school are learning to minimize work environment risks in their future work, and in Study ΙV how HR students learn to foster collective learning within organizations. The results show the importance of being aware of one’s epistemology, and to act according to it. From an epistemology of practice approach, the overall conclusion is that adding practice is not enough, it is important to balance theory, practice, and reflection to enable knowing-in-action. The role of the teacher/supervisor to handle both theory, practice and reflection using reflection-in/on-action and coaching strategies such as joint experimentation, follow me and hall of mirrors to enable knowing-in-action is emphasized. The design of an education needs to be adapted to the participants’ former experiences and access to work practice. To enable reassessment of epistemology, TL is proposed, since a quality of learning which enables deep learning is needed.
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| 6. |
- Svensson, Mattias, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand controls formation of regulatory T cells in autoimmune arthritis.
- 2013
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) is known as the primary differentiation and survival factor for dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, Flt3L is involved in the homeostatic feedback loop between DCs and regulatory T cell (Treg). We have previously shown that Flt3L accumulates in the synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and that local exposure to Flt3L aggravates arthritis in mice, suggesting a possible involvement in RA pathogenesis. In the present study we investigated the role of Flt3L on DC populations, Tregs as well as inflammatory responses in experimental antigen-induced arthritis. Arthritis was induced in mBSA-immunized mice by local knee injection of mBSA and Flt3L was provided by daily intraperitoneal injections. Flow cytometry analysis of spleen and lymph nodes revealed an increased formation of DCs and subsequently Tregs in mice treated with Flt3L. Flt3L-treatment was also associated with a reduced production of mBSA specific antibodies and reduced levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. Morphological evaluation of mBSA injected joints revealed reduced joint destruction in Flt3L treated mice. The role of DCs in mBSA arthritis was further challenged in an adoptive transfer experiment. Transfer of DCs in combination with T-cells from mBSA immunized mice, predisposed naïve recipients for arthritis and production of mBSA specific antibodies. We provide experimental evidence that Flt3L has potent immunoregulatory properties. Flt3L facilitates formation of Treg cells and by this mechanism reduces severity of antigen-induced arthritis in mice. We suggest that high systemic levels of Flt3L have potential to modulate autoreactivity and autoimmunity.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Camilla, 1979-
(författare)
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Changing the risk at the margin : Smallholder farming and public policy in developing countries
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of a summary and four self-contained papers. Paper [I] examines whether the implementation of a social safety net programme in Ethiopia has affected the value, risk and composition of farmers‟ crop portfolios. The empirical analysis suggests that the value and risk of the crop portfolio have not been altered due to the programme. However, the programme seems to have brought about some changes in the land allocated to different crops. Paper [II] studies how a social safety net affects farmers‟ (dis)investments in productive assets. More specifically, it studies how the Productive Safety Net Programme in Ethiopia has changed livestock and tree holdings. The results indicate no significant effect on livestock holdings, but a significant increase in tree holdings. Paper [III] investigates if there is a problem of adverse selection in formal microlending in rural Bangladesh. The results indicate that farmers who only borrow formally have a shadow price of capital that is substantially higher than the average informal interest rate. This suggests that farmers that only borrow formally are perceived as poor credit risks by informal lenders. Paper [IV] explores the economic incentives surrounding the cultivation of opium poppy in Afghanistan. Specifically, it examines the impact of eradication policies when opium is used as a means of obtaining credit, and when the crops are produced in sharecropping arrangements. The results indicate that both these features are likely to affect the outcome of eradication policies.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Samhällsekonomiska aspekter på svensk livsmedelsberedskap – ett nationellt och regionalt perspektiv
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med denna studie är att beräkna ekonomiska effekter av minskad import av insatsvaror till jordbruket och av livsmedel till konsumenterna, och av störningar i transporter mellan olika regioner i Sverige. En minskad import av någon vara medför effekter på och anpassningar av en aktör som sedan sprids vidare till andra sektorer. Kostnader beräknas för producenters och konsumenters anpassningar till ändrade betingelser samtidigt som krav ställs på en viss miniminivå på medborgarnas näringsintag. Beräkningar sker med en partiell jämviktsmodell av det svenska livsmedelsystemet (SASM) som inkluderar tre olika aktörer; jordbrukare, förädlingsled och konsumenter. Den deskriptiva analysen pekar på en stark koncentration särskilt av förädlingsindustrin till södra Sverige, vilket innebär en sårbarhet för de nordliga regionerna. En systematisk analys av kostnader för en halverad import av olika insatsvaror till primärproduktionen, livsmedel för konsumtion och transportkapacitet inom landet pekar på att kravet på näringsintag kan upprätthållas i olika delar av landet. Kostnaden av anpassning i form av minskad produktion och konsumtion kan dock bli hög och uppgå till 101 miljarder kronor per år när samtliga störningar i handel sker samtidigt. Skillnaderna i kostnader mellan norra och södra Sverige är dock stora där kostnaden per invånare kan bli dubbelt så hög i norra Sverige som i södra.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Wild boars and farming in Sweden : an assessment of the costs
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Wild boar is among the most wide spread mammal in the world and is known to cause serious damages for farmers in terms of crop losses and impacts on farm infrastructure. This study estimate farmers’ cost of wild boar in Sweden, and how it is determined by land scape diversity, proxies for wild boar population, land ownership, feeding and protective measures by the farmer. Data are obtained from a survey of 3200 farmers, and the results indicate an average annual cost of SEK 28843/farm or SEK 305/ha, of which 62% arises from crop losses and 28% from adjustment and protection costs. However, 60% of the farmers reported no damage cost, and we therefore examined the determinants of the probability of damage cost and, when it occurs, the size. It was found that proxies of wild boar abundance and land scape diversity have significant and positive impact on the likelihood and magnitude of costs. Diversity in the landscape gives access to hiding opportunities for the pigs when searching for food in the agricultural fields. Share of area with forage, rented land, arable land, and protective measures all showed significant and positive effects on the size of the damage cost.
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